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This research has foundations in collaboration; the collaboration of ideas, agreement on requirements and harnessing of benefits. This is fitting for a research subject since research shares the same virtues. In this section a summary of the research will be provided. The summary will briefly explain the origins of the research, how the research was proposed. It will then provide a synopsis of the research methodology and application. The qualitative research case studies will be explained and the quantitative research discussed.

179p runthenight07 01-03-2023 10 3   Download

Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging challenge for health personnel and researchers. In such scenario, alternative strategies targeting novel ways to kill or inhibit growth of microbes are need of the hour. Antimicrobial peptide can be a promising candidate to deal with this crisis. Extracellular matrix protein vitronectin (Vn) is recently being established as a bactericidal agent against certain microbes. Caprine Vn has got few structural alterations as compare to human Vn.

7p nguaconbaynhay5 16-05-2020 16 2   Download

The case of homologous monomeric c-type and oligomeric b-type crystallins has been described and analyzed in evolutionary terms. Data and hypotheses from molecular genetics and structural investigations converge and suggest a novel three-phase model for the evolutionary history of crystallin-type proteins. In the divergent cascades of monomeric and oligomeric crystallins, a pivotal role was played by alterations in the gene segments encoding the C-terminal extensions and the intermotif or interdomain linker peptides.

9p system191 01-06-2013 41 4   Download

The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily comprises proteins that catalyse mainly the reduction of carbonyl groups or carbon–carbon double bonds of a wide variety of substrates including steroids. Such types of reactions have been proposed to occur in the biosynthetic pathway of the cardiac glycosides produced by Digitalis plants. Two cDNAs encoding leaf-specific AKR proteins (DpAR1 and DpAR2) were isolated from a D. purpurea cDNA library using the rat D4-3-ketosteroid 5b-reductase clone.

9p system191 01-06-2013 41 4   Download

Retinoids are potent immune modulators that inhibit Fas ligand (FasL) expression and thereby repress the activationinduced apoptosis of immature thymocytes and T-cell hybridomas. In this study, we demonstrate that all-transretinoic acid (all-trans-RA) directly represses the transcriptional activity of the nuclear factors of activated T-cells (NFAT), which is an important transactivator of the FasL promoter.

9p research12 01-06-2013 42 5   Download

During the last decade several novel yeast genes encoding proteins related to the PPP family of Ser/Thr protein phosphatases have been discovered and their functional characterization initiated. Most of these novel phosphatases display intriguing structural features and/or are involved in a number of important functions, such as cell cycle regulation, protein synthesis and maintenance of cellular integrity. While in some cases these genes appear to be restricted to fungi, in others similar proteins can be found in higher eukaryotes. ...

6p research12 01-06-2013 27 3   Download

Integrin a2b1 is the major receptor for collagens in human tissues, being involved in cell adhesion and the control of collagen and collagenase gene expression. The collagen binding site of a2b1 has been localized to the a2 von Willebrand Factor type A (VWFA) domain (A-domain or I-domain) and the residues responsible for the interaction with collagen have been mapped. We report a study of a2 VWFA domain in which residue E318, which lies outside the collagen binding site, is mutated to tryptophan, showing that this is a gain-of-function mutation. ...

9p research12 01-06-2013 35 5   Download

Matrilysin (matrix metalloproteinase-7) plays important roles in tumor progression. It was previously found that matrilysin binds to the surface of colon cancer cells to promote their metastatic potential. In this study, we identified annexin II as a novel membrane-bound substrate of matrilysin. Treatment of human colon cancer cell lines with active matrilysin released a 35 kDa annexin II form, which lacked its N-terminal region, into the culture supernatant. The release of the 35 kDa annexin II by matrilysin was significantly enhanced in the presence of serotonin or heparin....

14p research12 29-04-2013 41 2   Download

Populations in Southeast AsiaandSouthChinahave highfrequencies ofa-thalassemia caused by a-globin gene mutations and/or deletions. This study was designed to find an efficient and simple diagnostic test for the mutations and deletions. A duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/denaturing high-pressure liquid chromatography (DHPLC) was used to detect the mutations and deletions. A blinded study of 110 samples, which included 92 a-thalassemia samples with various genotypes and 18 normal DNA samples, was carried out by the methods.

8p zingzing09 24-04-2013 70 2   Download

Ina search for genes regulated in response to cAMPwe have identified a newprotein, p76 RBE , whosemRNAand protein expression is enhanced in thyrocytes following thyrotropin stimulation of the cAMP transduction cascade. This protein presents important similarities with Rhophilin and contains different protein–protein interactionmotifs. The presence of HR1 and PDZ motifs as well as a potential PDZ binding domain motif suggests that p76 RBE could be implicated in targeting or scaffolding processes....

9p tumor12 22-04-2013 47 2   Download

Novel chromogenic substrates for endo-b-galactosidase were designed on the basis of the structural features of keratan sulfate. Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4GlcNAcb-pNP (2),which consists of two repeating units ofN-acetyl-lactosamine,was synthesized enzymatically by consecutive additions of GlcNAc and Gal residues top-nitrophenyl b-N-acetyllactosaminide. In a similar manner,Glc-NAcb1-3Galb1-4GlcNAcb-pNP (1),GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb-pNP (3),Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb-pNP (4), Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb-pNP (5),and Galb1-6GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb-pNP (6) were synthesized as analogues of2.

11p tumor12 20-04-2013 28 2   Download

The ultimate step in Alzheimer’s disease Abgeneration involves c-secretase, which releases Abfrom its membrane-bound precursor. Asimilar presenilin-dependent proteolytic activity is implicated in the release of theNotch intracellular domain. We have developed a novel assay forc-secretase activity based on green fluorescent protein detection. This involves cotransfection of a substrate-activator based on the amyloid precursor protein or the Notch sequence and a fluorescent reporter gene.

12p tumor12 20-04-2013 31 4   Download

The expression of the major protein kinase C substrate MARCKS (myristoylatedalanine-richCkinase substrate) is controlled by the stability of its mRNA. While the MARCKS mRNA is long living in quiescent fibroblasts (t1/2¼14 h), its half-life time is drastically reduced (t1/2¼2 h) in cells treated with phorbol esters to activate protein kinase C (PKC) or treatedwith growth factors. In a first step to study the underlying mechanism we identified both acis-element on the MARCKS mRNA and the cor-responding trans-acting factors. ...

16p tumor12 20-04-2013 39 3   Download

In rodents, the olfactory epithelium(OE) canbe divided into four topographically distinct zones, and eachmember of the odorant receptor(OR) gene family is expressed only in one particular zone. To study the functional significance of the zonal structure of the OE, we searched for genes expressed in a zone-specific manner by using the differential display method. Among the clones isolated from the rat OE, we characterized a novel olfactory protein termed O-MACS, a member of the medium-chain acyl-CoA synthetase family....

10p fptmusic 16-04-2013 39 3   Download

The development of targeted probes (based on the molecular engineering of luminescent or fluorescent proteins) has allowed the specific measure-ment of [Ca 2+ ] in intracellular organelles or cytoplasmic subdomains. This approach gave novel information on different aspects of cellular Ca 2+ homeostasis. Regarding mitochondria, it was possible to demonstrate that, upon physiological stimulation of cells, Ca 2+ is rapidly accumulated in the matrix.

10p fptmusic 11-04-2013 41 2   Download

We isolated two novel 14-3-3 binding proteins using 14-3-3fas bait in a yeast two-hybrid screen of a human brain cDNA library. One of these encoded the C-terminus of a neural specific armadillo-repeat protein, d-catenin (neural plakophilin-related arm-repeat protein or neurojungin). d-Catenin from brain lysates was retained on a 14-3-3 affinity column.

9p fptmusic 11-04-2013 22 1   Download

The (ba)8-barrel is the most common enzyme fold and it is capable of cata-lyzing an enormous diversity of reactions. It follows that this scaffold should be an ideal starting point for engineering novel enzymes by directed evolution. However, experiments to date have utilized in vivo screens or selections and the compatibility of (ba)8-barrels with in vitro selection methods remains largely untested.

14p fptmusic 11-04-2013 41 3   Download

Sulfoquinovosylacylglycerols (SQAGs), in particular compounds with C18 fatty acid(s) on the glycerol moiety, may be clinically promising antitumor and⁄or immunosuppressive agents. They were found originally as inhibitors of mammalian DNA polymerases. However, SQAGs can arrest cultured mammalian cells not only at S phase but also at M phase, suggesting they have several molecular targets.

9p awards 06-04-2013 43 4   Download

Although ubiquitously expressed, the transcriptional factor CP2 also exhib-its some tissue- or stage-specific activation toward certain genes such as globin in red blood cells and interleukin-4 in T helper cells. Because this specificity may be achieved by interaction with other proteins, we screened a peptide display library and identified four consensus motifs in numerous CP2-binding peptides: HXPR, PHL, ASR and PXHXH. Protein-database searching revealed that RE-1 silencing factor (REST), Yin-Yang1 (YY1) and five other proteins have one or two of these CP2-binding motifs....

13p awards 06-04-2013 38 2   Download

GE23077, a novel microbial metabolite recently isolated from Actinomadurasp. culture media, is a potent and selective inhibitor of bacterial RNApolymerase (RNAP). It inhibitsGram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) andGram-negative (Escherichia coli)RNAPs with IC50 values (i.e. the concen-tration at which the enzyme activity is inhibited by 50%) in the 10 )8 Mrange, whereas it is not active onE. coliDNA polymerase or on eukaryotic (wheat germ) RNAP II (IC50 values10 )4 Min both cases).

0p awards 05-04-2013 55 2   Download