Bài giảng Công nghệ lập trình tiên tiến: Chương 4 trình bày các nội dung về thiết kế giao diện về WPF như đặc điểm, công dụng, cách thức thực hiện, cú pháp, câu lệnh và các nội dung khác.
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Nội dung Text: Bài giảng Công nghệ lập trình tiên tiến: Chương 4 - ĐH Công nghệ Đồng Nai
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What's New in WPF Version 4.5?
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1 Windows Presentation Foundation
2 Benefits
3 Tools
4 Discussion of WPF applicability
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What is WPF?
WPF is a new API for building Windows applications
The goal of Windows Presentation Foundation
(WPF) is to provide these advances for
Windows. Included in version 4.0 of the
Microsoft .NET Framework, WPF allows
building interfaces that incorporate documents,
media, two- and three-dimensional graphics,
animations, Web-like characteristics, and much
more.
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What Windows Presentation Foundation
Provides?
Three most important:
Ø
a unified platform for modern user interfaces
Ø
the ability for developers and designers to
work together,
Ø
and a common technology for Windows and
Web browser user interfaces.
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What is WPF good for?
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To enable designers and developers to work
together
Ø
To allow an easy way to customize the look
of controls without changing its behavior
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To allow 3D graphics more easily in
Windows applications
Ø
To allow an easy way to do animations in
Windows applications
Ø
To enable the creation of applications which
scale nicely to high resolution screens
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Which of these UI have you worked with?
Ø
GDI (20 years), GDI+, WinForms
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DirectX (11 years), Direct3D
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Quartz, DirectShow (8 years)
– Problems:
• Showing their age
• Each API is different
• Mixing APIs is challenging
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Next Gen
Ø
WPF – replaces GDI
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Direct3D – large games, used by WPF
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Media Foundation – ultimately will replace
DirectShow
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MCML –markup language for Media
Center Edition applications
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XNA – small games
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WPF
Ø
Declarative programming with XAML markup
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For Designers and Developers
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Rewritten from scratch
– Built on top of Direct3D
– Hardware accelerated
– Vector based
– Resolution independent (1/96 inch)
– Retained graphics
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Overview of WPF Architecture
Ø
Most of WPF is
written in managed
code
Ø
milcore is the only
unmanaged
component of WPF
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Managed Code:
Code write in .net framework environment is
call Managed code, they will be executed
direct from CLR(Common Language
Runtime). CLR will manage memory, security
problem, debugging…and other useful
features
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Unmanaged Code
Not in .net framework, that is not controlled
by CLR, Unmanaged Code will bee
execute with 2 wrapper class support:
CCW (COM Callable Wrapper)
and
RCW (Runtime Callable Wrapper).
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CCW (COM Callable Wrapper)
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RCW (Runtime Callable Wrapper)
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XAML: Extensible Application Markup Language
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Declarative object instantiation
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Not exclusive to WPF
Ø
Separates UI and logic
– Common language for Designers and Developers
• Demo: Blend and VS
– Parallel development
– Localization, Branding
– Targeted UI (devices, users, …)
Ø
Tool support
Ø
Supports C# and VB.NET
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Benefits
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Markup/code-behind model (like ASP.NET)
Ø
Excellent layout options and text flow features
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Access to powerful graphics hardware
Ø
Certain otherwise-impossible effects are
made easy (skewing and rotating textboxes,
etc.)
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Tools
• Cider
• XAML Pad
• 3D tools such as Light wave can generate
XAML.
– Electric Rain Zam 3D
– Mobiform Aurora
– Cinema 4D
• Microsoft Expression
– Graphics Designer
– Interactive Designer
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Comparisons: WPF vs. DirectX and GDI+
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WPF Build Pipeline
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Basic topics in WPF
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WPF code and XAML
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Property & object in XAML: syntax
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Layout
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Basic control
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Basic property
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WPF Concepts
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1. WPF code and XAML: first app
Ø
WPF code
– New consoles project (or Windows Apps)
– Reference: PresentationCore,
PresentationFramework, and WindowsBase
How to create this
window?
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