Đề cương ôn tập giữa học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm 2024-2025 - Trường THPT Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm, Gia Lai

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Nội dung Text: Đề cương ôn tập giữa học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm 2024-2025 - Trường THPT Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm, Gia Lai

TRƯỜNG THPT NGUYỄN BỈNH KHIÊM TỔ: TIẾNG ANH ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP GIỮA HỌC KÌ 2 – TIẾNG ANH 12 BRIGHT NĂM HỌC: 2024 - 2025 1. READING: - Đọc hiểu các chủ điểm từ Unit 5 và Unit 6. Unit 5: The Green Environment Unit 6: Urbanisation 2. VOCABULARY - Từ vựng liên quan đến những chủ điểm của Unit 5 và Unit 6. - Cụm động từ - Trật tự cụm danh từ - Từ hạn định (another, other, others, many, much,…) - Cụm từ cố định - Cụm giới từ 3. GRAMMAR (integrated in Passages) - Câu điều kiện - Mệnh đề quan hệ - Động từ V-ing/V to - Động từ đi với giới từ - Bị động với get / have 4. SKILLS - Reading comprehension - Cloze-test reading (Gap-filling: Vocabulary, collocations, phrasal verbs, structures, grammar in context of advertisements, leaflets, news articles, or reports.) - Reordering sentences to make exchanges. - Reordering sentences to make paragraphs. - Reordering sentences to make letters.
PRACTICE TEST 1 Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 8. Attention all students! Our school is launching a new campaign to promote __ (1) __ practices and protect our forests. Deforestation has caused serious environmental damage, __ (2) __ to climate change and loss of wildlife habitats. To raise awareness, we are organizing a ___ (3) ___ on Saturday. Those interested in joining should __ (4) __ at the school office. The event will be held at Green Park, where volunteers will plant trees in order to restore damaged areas. Additionally, we encourage everyone __ (5) __ using single-use plastic and to participate in recycling programs. By __ (6) __ small changes in our daily lives, we can contribute to a greener planet. If it __ (7) __, we will have an outdoor workshop on sustainable living after the event. Remember, forests are essential __ (8) __ our future. Let’s take action now! For more details, contact the Environmental Club. Question 1. A. sustainable B. sustain C. sustainability D. sustainably Question 2. A. to lead B. leading C. led D. lead Question 3. A. event tree planting B. planting tree event C. tree planting event D. event planting tree Question 4. A. sign up B. drop out C. get over D. turn down Question 5. A. to avoid B. avoid C. avoiding D. avoided Question 6. A. doing B. getting C. taking D. making Question 7. A. did not rain B. does not rain C. won’t rain D. don’t rain Question 8. A. in B. at C. from D. to Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 16. SMART URBAN DEVELOPMENT – BUILDING BETTER CITIES As cities continue to expand, urbanisation brings both opportunities and challenges. Without proper planning, we may face serious problems.  Challenges of Urbanisation Housing & Infrastructure: Many cities struggle to provide __ (9) __ affordable housing for low- income families, so they will have to have new housing projects __ (10) __ quickly. Traffic & Transport: Roads are overcrowded due to increased vehicle numbers. If more people __ (11) __ public transport, congestion will decrease. Besides, governments need to __(12)__ modern transit systems to ease traffic strain. Environmental Issues: __(13) __ controlling air pollution effectively, cities also face __ (14) __ environmental problems such as water contamination and __ (15) __ waste.  Smart Solutions Green Spaces: Cities should have more parks and eco-friendly buildings. Public Awareness: People need to get __ (16) __ in urban development programs to make a difference. A sustainable city is possible – let’s build it together! Question 9. A. another B. much C. enough D. some Question 10. A. implemented B. to implement C. implementing D. implement Question 11. A. will use B. use C. using D. used Question 12. A. refrain from B. invest in C. confess to D. compliment on
Question 13. A. In term of B. Without regard to C. In spite of D. Apart from Question 14. A. other B. others C. the other D. another Question 15. A. moderate B. insufficient C. excessive D. minimal Question 16. A. joined B. included C. adapted D. involved Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 17 to 21 Question 17. a. Alex: Totally! It’s exciting but kind of overwhelming at the same time. b. Alex: Hey James, have you noticed how urbanization is transforming the city? c. James: Yeah, it’s hard to miss. Feels like everything’s changing overnight. A. b – c – a B. c – b – a C. b – a – c D. a – c – b Question 18. a. Ben: I know, it’s getting out of hand. What do you think we should do about it? b. Ann: Absolutely! They could even start offering discounts for using reusable containers. c. Ann: Maybe we could organize a community clean-up event to remove plastic waste. d. Ben: That’s a great idea! We could also invite local businesses to participate. e. Ann: I’m worried about how much single-use plastic our town is throwing away every day. A. e – a – c – d – b B. e – d – c – a – b C. e – a – b – c – d D. e – c – a – d – b Question 19. Hi Kathy, a. Moreover, I think the government should invest more in public transportation to reduce traffic congestion. b. However, I also realize that urbanization has some negative impacts, such as environmental pollution and overpopulation. c. I recently read a very interesting article about the benefits and challenges of urbanization. d. What do you think? What can we do to make the most of urbanization while minimizing its problems? e. According to the article, urbanization offers many opportunities, such as jobs and improved infrastructure. Write back soon. Dayton A. b – e – a – c – d B. c – e – b – a – d C. e – c – b – d – a D. c – b – e – a – d Question 20. a. One of the easiest things to do is to turn off lights and electronics when not in use. b. Moreover, encouraging the use of natural light during the day can further reduce reliance on artificial lighting. c. There are many simple ways we can contribute to energy conservation efforts on our campuses. d. We can also be conscious of saving energy in heating and cooling, such as keeping windows closed to retain warmth in the winter. e. By making small changes to our daily habits, students can make a big impact on their school's energy efficiency. A. c – a – d – b – e B. e – c – a – b – d C. c – d – b – a – e D. e – d – a – b – c Question 21. a. As people move to cities, they bring diverse skills that fuel innovation and productivity. b. However, rapid urbanization without proper planning can lead to environmental degradation, inadequate infrastructure, and increased pollution. c. This concentration of population drives demand for goods and services, boosting local economies. d. Urbanisation plays an important role in economic and social progress. e. Moreover, urban centers often offer better access to education, healthcare, and public transportation.
A. a – d – c – e – b B. a – c – d – e – b C. d – a – c – e – b D. d – a – e – c – b Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 22 to 26. A lot of people on the planet are city-dwellers. People choose to live in cities ___(22)____. However, until recently a lot of cities have grown in an unplanned manner ___(23)___. As a result, many cities are now facing serious environmental challenges. One major issue is air pollution, ___(24)___ the high concentration of vehicles and industries in urban areas. ___(25)___, more and more people will develop respiratory diseases and cardiovascular conditions. Another significant concern is the lack of green spaces in cities. As urban areas expand, __(26)__. This not only leads to the loss of biodiversity but also reduces the capacity of cities to absorb carbon dioxide and mitigate the effects of climate change. Furthermore, the absence of green spaces can negatively impact the mental and physical well-being of residents, as they have neither clean air to breathe nor natural areas to enjoy. (Source: https://i-test.vn/) Question 22. A. because the educational and employment opportunities that they offer B. although they offer the educational and employment opportunities C. because of the educational and employment opportunities that they offer D. despite the educational and employment opportunities offered Question 23. A. without much control B. against controlling C. through being controlled D. by controlling Question 24. A. causing by B. which is caused by C. that causes with D. causes to Question 25. A. Unless cities continue to have their air quality worsen B. As soon as cities continue to have their air quality worsen C. While cities continue to have their air quality worsen D. If cities continue to have their air quality worsen Question 26. A. People focus more on protecting natural habitats for wildlife. B. Natural habitats are destroyed to make way for housing and infrastructure. C. The destruction of natural habitats becomes less severe over time. D. The demand for housing and infrastructure drops significantly. Read the following passage about electric vehicles and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 27 to 34. Many people think electric vehicles, or EVs, are greener than gas-powered cars because they don't directly use a fossil fuel. But the situation is more complicated when we look at the whole life cycle of each type of vehicle. First, let's consider emissions during use. Electric vehicles are great here, because they don't produce any emissions while being driven. On the other hand, traditional gas-powered vehicles release carbon dioxide, which is a major greenhouse gas, every time they are used. This point strongly supports the environmental benefits of EVs.
Second, we should look at how these vehicles are produced. Making an electric vehicle, especially the battery, can cause more pollution and use more resources than making a traditional car. However, as technology gets better, this negative effect is getting smaller. Third, the source of energy is very important. The benefits of electric vehicles depend a lot on how the electricity they use is made. If the electricity comes from renewable sources like wind or solar, EVs have a smaller environmental impact. But if the electricity comes from coal or other fossil fuels, the benefits aren't as clear. Fourth, we need to think about lifespan – I mean, how long you can use the vehicle for. Electric vehicles usually have fewer moving parts than gas-powered cars, which means they often last longer and need less maintenance. This could make EVs more sustainable throughout their life. Finally, we must consider what happens at the end of a vehicle's life. At the moment, it is hard to recycle parts of electric vehicles, especially the batteries, but again, with better technology, this problem is reducing. (Source: ISW - DTP) Questions 27. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 1? A. It's complicated to understand the life cycle of EVs and gas-powered cars. B. Both EVs and gas-powered cars have complicated life cycles. C. EVs are greener than gas-powered cars because they have a more complicated life cycle. D. It's complicated to tell which type of vehicle is greener when looking at their life cycles. Questions 28. The word supports in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______________. A. fosters B. weakens C. condemns D. approves Questions 29. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about producing electric vehicles in paragraph 3? A. The process of making EVs consumes natural resources. B. Producing an EV's battery creates pollutants. C. The production of EVs leads to technology advancement. D. Technology improvement makes EVs production more eco-friendly. Questions 30. The word clear in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by ______________. A. obvious B. clean C. transparent D. understood Questions 31. The word they in paragraph 5 refers to ______________. A. gas-powered cars B. EVs C. the lifespans of vehicles D. moving parts Questions 32. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The lifespan of EVs is longer than that of traditional cars. B. Traditional car parts cost less to recycle than EV batteries. C. The electricity that EVs run on doesn't come from fossil fuels. D. EVs are easier to produce than traditional cars. Questions 33. In which paragraph does the writer mention aspects where EVs are definitely better than traditional cars? A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 6 Questions 34. In which paragraph does the writer explore two possibilities that lead to different outcomes? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5 Read the following passage about rural migration and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 35 to 44. Rural migration happens when people leave the countryside to move to cities. This can have significant effects on rural economies. These changes can be both positive and negative, depending on the reasons for migration and the resources left behind.
The most major effect of rural migration is the loss of workers in farming. [I] Agriculture is often the main source of income in rural areas. [II] When young and healthy people leave for cities in search of jobs and better education, there are fewer workers available to work on farms. [III] This can lead to lower productivity and smaller harvests, which affects the income of farmers. [IV] Another problem is the loss of local markets. When people leave rural areas, there are fewer customers to buy local products. Farmers may struggle to sell their crops and livestock. Schools, healthcare centers, and markets may also suffer from a decrease in demand. This makes it harder for rural communities to develop; over time, this can weaken the rural economy, as fewer businesses survive and fewer services are available. However, rural migration can also have some positive effects. Migrants often send money, known as remittances, back to their families. This money can be used to invest in farming equipment, seeds, or fertilizers, helping to improve agricultural productivity. In some cases, it can also support education or healthcare for the family, leading to better living standards. Another positive effect is the transfer of skills. Migrants who return to rural areas sometimes bring new knowledge, techniques, or ideas they learned in cities. For example, they might introduce modern farming practices or business strategies that benefit the community. To reduce the negative effects of rural migration, governments can take actions to support rural areas. Creating jobs, improving infrastructure, and providing education and training can help keep people in the countryside. Modernising farming with technology and better access to markets can also make rural economies more sustainable. (Source: https://i-test.vn/) Question 35. Where in paragraph 2 does the following sentence best fit? As a result, many farms are run by older people who may not have the energy to manage large areas of land. A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV] Question 36. The word their in paragraph 3 refers to ______________. A. rural areas' B. local markets' C. customers' D. farmers' Question 37. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 3? A. There is an increase in demand for schools, healthcare centers, and markets. B. There is a decrease in demand for schools, healthcare centers, and markets. C. Schools, healthcare centers, and markets may face challenges due to lower demand. D. Schools, healthcare centers, and markets may grow because of increased demand. Question 38. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 4? A. Rural migration may improve agricultural productivity and families' living standards. B. The money that migrants send can be used to improve agricultural productivity. C. Families often spend the money sent by migrants on education and healthcare. D. More remittances are spent on education and healthcare than on improving agricultural productivity. Question 39. The word transfer in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ______. A. sharing B. teaching C. creation D. management Question 40. The word sustainable in paragraph 6 is OPPOSITE in meaning to _____. A. expensive B. temporary C. long-lasting D. enjoyable Question 41. According to paragraph 6, which of the following is NOT a way to reduce the negative effects of rural migration? A. creating jobs B. improving infrastructure C. providing free education D. modernising farming
Question 42. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Rural migration only has negative effects on rural economies. B. Old farmers often run farms better than young farmers as they are more experienced. C. Migrants sometimes bring back new knowledge and techniques they learned in the cities. D. The loss of local markets contributes to the migration to big cities. Question 43. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Migrants move to the cities mostly to seek better job opportunities. B. Rural economies benefit more from rural migration than they suffer. C. Lack of workers in farming is a major challenge caused by rural migration. D. Governments do not need to invest in rural areas to address migration. Question 44. Which of the following best summarises the passage? A. Rural migration is both good and bad for rural areas, and governments can help reduce the disadvantages. B. Rural migration weakens farming productivity and damages local economies in a significant way. C. Governments must discourage rural migration to protect the countryside from negative effects. D. Rural migration has positive impact on urban areas while negatively affecting rural areas. PRACTICE TEST 2 Read the following announcement and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 8. Dear Citizens, Due to rapid urbanisation, our city is experiencing increasing pressure on housing, transportation, and __ (1) __ services. The government is __ (2) __ measures to improve living conditions and reduce traffic congestion. To solve these issues, a __ (3) __ will be constructed next year. The metro project __ (4) __ at reducing travel time and promoting eco-friendly transportation. Citizens are encouraged to use public transport instead of private cars __ (5) __ decrease air pollution. For those __ (6) __ in overcrowded areas, the city is introducing a new housing project. Apartments will be built to provide affordable homes __ (7) __ low-income families. If the project __ (8) __on time, it will significantly improve our city’s infrastructure. Let’s support these changes for a better urban future! For more information, visit the City Planning Office. Question 1. A. publication B. publicize C. publicity D. public Question 2. A. making B. creating C. taking D. building Question 3. A. new metro system B. metro new system C. new system metro D. system metro new Question 4. A. focuses B. aims C. targets D. concentrates Question 5. A. helping B. help C. to help D. helped Question 6. A. lived B. live C. to living D. living Question 7. A. for B. by C. with D. about Question 8. A. was completed B. is completed C. isn’t completed D. be completed Read the following leaflet and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 9 to 16. JOIN US FOR A GREENER FUTURE!
Do you care about the environment? Do you want to make a difference? Our community is organizing a Green Campaign to promote eco-friendly habits. Small actions can create a big impact!  How Can You Help? Reduce Waste: __(9) __ of plastic bags and use reusable ones. Save Energy: Turn off unused lights __ (10)__ reducing electricity use. Choose Green Energy: Have solar panels __ (11) __to reduce energy consumption. Use Water Wisely: Switch __ (12) __ the faucet while you are brushing your teeth.  Why It Matters? Protect the Planet: If we __(13) __ action now, future generations will benefit. Be Responsible: Every individual must take responsibility for their actions. Work Together: If everyone makes a small effort, we can __(14)__ great results! Think Before You Buy: Always choose eco-friendly products that __ (15) __ less harm to the environment. __ (16) __, which contain harmful chemicals, should be avoided. Join Our Green Campaign Today! Question 9. A. Get rid B. Take up C. Look after D. Rely on Question 10. A. in spite of B. regardless of C. with a view to D. by means of Question 11. A. installed B. installing C. install D. to install Question 12. A. on B. off C. for D. to Question 13. A. takes B. took C. will take D. take Question 14. A. fail B. lose C. achieve D. miss Question 15. A. make B. cause C. take D. bring Question 16. A. Another B. The other C. Other D. The others Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best arrangement of utterances or sentences to make a meaningful exchange or text in each of the following questions from 17 to 21 Question 17. a. Simon: Yeah, I’ve seen it. We need to find a way to tackle this issue soon. b. David: Hi Simon! Have you noticed how much waste is piling up around town lately? It’s really concerning. c. David: Maybe we could start by encouraging people to recycle more effectively. A. a – c – b B. b – c – a C. c – a – b D. b – a – c Question 18. a. Laura: True, but I worry about the effects. The traffic is worse, and green spaces are disappearing. b. John: That’s a good point. We need better planning to balance growth with sustainability. c. Laura: Have you noticed how quickly our city is changing? Urbanization is happening so fast! d. Laura: Absolutely. Let’s hope future developments focus more on the environment. e. John: Yeah, it’s crazy. Skyscrapers are popping up everywhere. A. c – e – b – a – d B. c – b – e – a – d C. c – e – a – b – d D. b – e – c – d – a Question 19. Hi Kathy, a. For example, we could reduce plastic usage, recycle more, and plant trees in our local community. b. However, I also think that governments and big corporations need to take more responsibility for protecting the environment. c. Recently, I’ve become really interested in The Green Movement and how it encourages people to live more
sustainably. d. Do you have any ideas about what we can do to contribute to this movement? e. It’s inspiring to see how small actions, like reducing waste or saving energy, can make a big difference when everyone works together. Write back soon, Jason A. c – e – a – b – d B. c – a – e – b – d C. e – b – a – d – c D. a – c – e – d – b Question 20. a. One of the most pressing issues is a decline in the workforce. b. This can lead to a decline in the productivity of rural areas, as well as the loss of traditional practices and culture. c. Rural migration, or the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, can have significant negative impacts on the villages and towns left behind. d. In order to address these issues, it is important for governments and communities to invest in the development of rural economies. e. As young people leave for the city, rural communities lose an important source of labour. A. c – d – a – e – b B. c – a – e –b – d C. d – c – a –e – b D. c – a – b – e – d Question 21. a. Greenhouse gases trap heat in our atmosphere, leading to global warming. b. It also worsens health and poverty for millions of people worldwide. c. Since the late 19th century, the average global temperature has increased by 1°C. d. When fossil fuels are burned, they emit large amounts of carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, into the air. e. Warming above 1.5°C risks further sea level rise, extreme weather, biodiversity loss, species extinction, and food scarcity. A. d – c – e – a – b B. d – c – a – e – b C. d – a – c – b – e D. d – a – c – e – b Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 22 to 26. Electric vehicles, ___(22)___, are becoming a more popular choice on the road. ___(23)___, EVs produce zero emissions from the tailpipe. This means cleaner air in our cities, especially in busy areas. Even when you consider the electricity they use to charge them, EVs come out way ahead in the clean race. They produce much less pollution overall, ___(24)___. As more green energy sources are used to create electricity, EVs will become even cleaner. So, if you're looking for a way to make a positive impact on the environment, ___(25)___. It's a win-win situation for you and the planet! You'll be enjoying a smooth, quiet ride ___(26)___. (Source: https://i-test.vn/) Question 22. A. also known as EVs B. that are also known as EVs C. which also know as EVs D. also knowing as EVs Question 23. A. Gasoline cars are unlike B. Gasoline cars don’t like it C. Unlike gasoline cars D. Not like gasolines cars C. There is meaning D. Which means Question 24. A. for fighting climate change B. with key to fighting climate change C. to fight climate change D. which is key to fighting climate change Question 25. A. you would have switched to an electric vehicle B. switching to an electric vehicle brings good option C. switching to an electric vehicle will be a great option D. switch to an electric vehicle and have a great option
Question 26. A. instead of leaving a cleaner world behind for future generations B. while leaving a cleaner world behind for future generations C. in order to leave a cleaner world behind for future generations D. despite leaving a cleaner world behind for future generations Read the following passage about urbanisation and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 27 to 34. Urbanization refers to the increasing number of people that live in urban areas. It predominantly results from the movement of people from rural to urban areas, driven by the search for better employment opportunities, education, and living conditions. As cities grow, they often face challenges related to infrastructure, housing, and social services. This rapid growth can lead to overcrowded cities, traffic congestion, and strain on public services. One of the most notable effects of urbanization is the change in land use. As urban areas expand, agricultural land and natural habitats are often converted into residential and industrial areas. This can lead to a decrease in local biodiversity and affect ecosystems. Additionally, urbanization contributes to environmental issues such as pollution and increased carbon emissions due to higher energy consumption. Urbanization also has significant social and economic impacts. On one hand, cities can offer more job opportunities, higher salaries, and improved access to education and healthcare. On the other hand, the rapid influx of people can lead to inadequate housing and increased cost of living. This disparity often results in the growth of informal settlements and slums, where living conditions are poor, and residents lack access to basic services. Governments and urban planners play a crucial role in managing urbanization effectively. By implementing sustainable development policies and investing in infrastructure, they can mitigate some of the negative impacts of urbanization. Strategies such as developing public transportation, creating green spaces, and ensuring affordable housing are essential for creating livable and sustainable cities. Technology and innovation also contribute to addressing the challenges of urbanization. Smart city initiatives, for example, leverage technology to improve the efficiency of urban services, enhance the quality of life for residents, and reduce environmental impact. These advancements can help cities become more resilient and adaptable to the needs of their growing populations. (Source: https://i-test.vn/) Question 27. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor driving people to urban areas? A. Better employment opportunities B. Higher crime rates C. Improved living conditions D. Access to education Question 28. The word "converted" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to: A. preserved B. destroyed C. transformed D. maintained Question 29. The word "they" in paragraph 3 refers to: A. city-dwellers B. policies C. settlements D. governments and urban planners Question 30. The OPPOSITE of "disparity" in paragraph 3 could be: A. equality B. similarity C. gap D. improvement Question 31. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 5? A. Technology is the only solution to urbanization challenges. B. Innovations can help address the challenges posed by urbanization. C. Urbanization can be solved without technological advancements. D. Technology has no role in managing urbanization. Question 32. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Urbanization does not affect land use. B. Cities never face challenges due to urbanization. C. Urbanization can lead to the growth of informal settlements. D. Urbanization solely benefits the economy. Question 33. In which paragraph does the writer mention the social and economic impacts of urbanization? A. Paragraph 1 B. Paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. Paragraph 4 Question 34. In which paragraph does the writer explore technological solutions for urbanization? A. Paragraph 2 B. Paragraph 3 C. Paragraph 4 D. Paragraph 5 Read the following passage about green living and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions from 35 to 44. [I] Green living, often referred to as sustainable living, encourages individuals to adopt environmentally friendly practices in their daily lives. [II] This lifestyle includes reducing waste, conserving natural resources, and promoting eco-friendly habits, which collectively help to minimize the negative impact on the environment (Davies & Mulligan, 2017). [III] Although green living requires effort and adjustment, its benefits for the planet and future generations are substantial. [IV] One of the fundamental aspects of green living is waste reduction. This can be achieved through practices like recycling, composting, and reducing single-use plastics. According to a report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), recycling and composting can significantly decrease the amount of waste sent to landfills, which helps reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pollution (EPA, 2021). Additionally, adopting reusable items such as water bottles and shopping bags minimizes reliance on plastic, which is crucial for protecting ecosystems and wildlife. Another key component of green living is energy conservation. Simple changes, like switching to LED light bulbs and using public transportation, can reduce an individual's carbon footprint. A study by the International Energy Agency (IEA) shows that energy efficiency improvements, if widely implemented, could decrease global energy demand by up to 40% by 2050 (IEA, 2019). By conserving energy, individuals not only lower their utility bills but also contribute to the reduction of carbon emissions, which is essential for mitigating climate change. Green living also involves making conscious choices about the products we consume. This includes opting for sustainably sourced goods, supporting local businesses, and choosing organic produce. Sustainable agriculture practices reduce the need for chemical pesticides and fertilizers, which can harm both the soil and water sources (Smith & Taylor, 2020). By making informed purchases, consumers can support eco- friendly industries and help create a demand for greener alternatives. (Adapted from The Impact of Green Living by Davies, Mulligan, and others) Question 35. Where in paragraph I does the following sentence best fit? Green living practices are gaining popularity as people become more aware of environmental issues. A. [I] B. [II] C. [III] D. [IV] Question 36. The phrase "carbon footprint" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ____. A. environmental awareness B. carbon emissions C. personal waste D. air quality Question 37. The word "their" in paragraph 3 refers to ____. A. individuals B. LED light bulbs C. utility bills D. carbon emissions Question 38. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT a way to reduce waste? A. Using compost bins B. Recycling plastic C. Adopting single-use items D. Using reusable shopping bags
Question 39. Which of the following best summarizes paragraph 3? A. Green living promotes increased energy usage through renewable sources. B. Energy conservation is vital for green living, helping to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change. C. Individuals can conserve energy by relying on single-use plastics. D. Switching to LED bulbs and increasing personal car use promotes energy conservation. Question 40. The word "mitigating" in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ____. A. worsening B. reducing C. softening D. ignoring Question 41. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Single-use plastics are preferred for green living practices. B. Supporting local businesses can be a part of sustainable consumption. C. Recycling increases the amount of waste in landfills. D. Green living does not impact the carbon footprint. Question 42. Which of the following best paraphrases the underlined sentence in paragraph 4? A. Environmentally conscious choices harm the soil and water sources. B. Choosing sustainable products can support eco-friendly industries and reduce pollution. C. Sustainable agriculture increases the need for chemical fertilizers. D. Local businesses rarely provide organic produce. Question 43. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A. Green living requires only minor adjustments with no significant impact on daily habits. B. Energy conservation can significantly impact global carbon emissions. C. Using single-use plastics is essential for a sustainable lifestyle. D. Chemical pesticides are encouraged in sustainable agriculture practices. Question 44. Which of the following best summarizes the passage? A. Green living promotes sustainability by reducing waste, conserving energy, and making mindful consumer choices. B. Living sustainably focuses only on recycling and composting to decrease waste in landfills. C. Energy conservation in green living is limited to switching light bulbs and using public transport. D. Choosing organic produce and local products is the only way to support environmental sustainability.