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Chủ đề:
Nội dung Text: KỲ THI THỬ ĐẠI HỌC LẦN I NĂM HỌC: 2010 - 2011 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
- KỲ THI THỬ ĐẠI HỌC LẦN I NĂM HỌC: 2010 - 2011
TRƯỜNG THPT QUANG TRUNG
Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
ĐỀ CHÍNH THỨC
Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút (Không kể thời gian giao đề)
(Đề thi có 06 trang)
Read the following passage and choose the correct answer.
A useful definition of an air pollutant is a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in
such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely. Air pollution requires a very
flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England
in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled – a far cry from
the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of t he health
aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water
vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions.
Many of the more important are pollutants, such as sulfur dioxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are
found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical
reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification scheme by
allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil. On a global basis, nature is output of these
compounds dwarfs resulting from human activities. However, human production usually occurs in a localized
area, such as a city.
In this localized region, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural puri fication
scheme of the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations
at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the
absence of human activities. The actual concentrations need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact
the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration
that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per
million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level of 0.1
ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
46. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The economic impact of air pollution
B. What constitutes and air pollutants.
C. How much harm air pollutants can cause.
D. The effects of compounds added to the atmosphere.
47. The word ‘adversely’ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:
A. negatively B. quickly C. admittedly D. considerably
48. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that
A. water vapor is an air pollutant in localized areas.
B. most air pollutants today can be seen or smelled.
C. the definition of air pollution will continue to change.
D. a substance becomes an air pollutant only in cities.
49. The word ‘altered’ in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. eliminated B. cancelled C. slowed D. changed
50. Natural pollutants can play an important role in controlling air pollution for which of the following reasons?
A. They function as part of a purification process.
B. They occur in greater quantities than other pollutants.
C. They are less harmful to living beings than are other pollutants.
D. They have existed since the Earth developed.
- 51. According to the passage, which of the following is true about human generated air pollution in localized
regions?
A. It can be dwarfed by nature’s output of pollutants in the localized region.
B. I can overwhelm the natural system that removes pollutants.
C. It will damage areas outside of the localized regions.
D. It will react harmfully with naturally occurring pollutants.
52. The word ‘noxious’ in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. harmful B. noticeable C. extensive D. weak
53. According to the passage, the numerical value of the concentration level of a substance is only useful if
A. the other substances in the area are known.
B. it is in a localized area.
C. the naturally occurring level is also known.
D. it can be calculated quickly.
54. The word ‘detectable’ in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. beneficial B. special C. measurable D. separable
55. Which of the following is best supported by the passage?
A. To effectively control pollution, local government should regularly review their air pollution laws.
B. One of the most important steps in preserving natural lands is to better enforce air pollution laws.
C. Scientists should be consulted in order to establish uniform limits for all air pollutants.
D. Human activities have been effective in reducing air pollution.
Read the following passage and choose the correct answer.
Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely
offers original ideas. Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new
philosophies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these condit ions seem
foolish, harmful, of affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of
the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New Wo rld
ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of
these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspected before Carvantes; humanists objected to the claims o f pure science
before Aldous Huzley; and people were aware of famine befo re Swift. It was not the originality of the idea that
made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression, the satiric method that made them interesting and
entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are morally
wholesome of ethically instructive. They are stimulating and refreshing because with commonsense briskness
they brush away illusions and secondhand opinions. With spontaneous irreverence, satire rearranges perspectives,
scrambles familiar objects into incongruous juxtaposition, and speaks in a personal idiom instead of abstract
platitude.
Satire exists because there is need for it. It has lived because readers appreciate a refreshing stimulus, an
irreverent reminder that they live in a world of platitudinous thinking, cheap moralizing, and foolish philosophy.
Satire serves to prod people into an awareness of truth, though rarely to any action on behalf of tr uth. Satire tends
to remind people that much of what they see, hear and read in popular media is sanctimonious, sentimental and
only partially true. Life resembles in only a slight degree the popular image of it. Soldiers rarely hold the ideas
that movies attribute to them, nor do ordinary citizens devote their lives to unselfish service of humanity.
Intelligent people know these things but tend to forget them when they do not hear them expressed.
56. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Difficulties of writing satiric literature.
B. Popular topics of satire.
C. New philosophies emerging from satiric literature.
- D. Reasons for the popularity of satire.
57. The word ‘realization’ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. reality B. awareness C. surprise D. confusion
58. Why does the author mention Don Quixote, brave New World and A Modest Proposal in the first paragraph?
A. They are famous examples of satiric literature.
B. They present commonsense solutions to problems.
C. They are appropriate for readers of all ages.
D. They are books with similar stories.
59. The word ‘aesthetically’ is closest in meaning to
A. artistically B. exceptionally C. realistically D. dependably
60. Which of the following can be found in satiric literature?
A. Newly emerging philosophies.
B. Odd combinations of objects and ideas.
C. Abstract discussion of morals and ethics.
D. Wholesome characters who are unselfish.
61. According to the passage, there is a need for satire because people need to be
A. informed about new scientific developments
B. exposed to original philosophies when they are formulated
C. reminded that popular ideas are often inaccurate
D. told how they can be of service to their communities
62. The word ‘refreshing’ is closest in meaning to
A. popular B. ridiculous C. meaningful D. unusual
63. The word ‘they’ is closest in meaning to
A. people B. media C. ideals D. movies
64. As a result of reading satiric literature, readers will be most likely to
A. teach themselves to write fiction
B. accept conventional points of view
C. become better informed about current affairs
D. reexamine their opinions and values
65. The various purposes of satire include all of the following except
A. introducing readers to unfamiliar circumstances
B. brushing away illusions
C. reminding readers of the truth
D. exposing false values
66. The first woman governor in the United States history was Nellie Taylor Ross, who was elected to be
governor of Wyoming in 1925.
67. Rainwater carries unused chemicals from fields into streams or lakes, where various compounds promote the
rate grown of weeds.
68. Nuclear reactors produce energy by split the atom in the target material into two nearly equal parts.
69. The final cost of the project has been estimated about anything between four and five million dollars.
- 70. Plants require much less moist on cold weather than in warm weather.
Choose the correct answer
71. The new shopping mall is gigantic. It’s advertised as a place you can find just about anything ___________.
A. attractive for you to buy B. you can want to buy
C. suitable for buying for you D. you might want to buy
72. _________, we couldn’t talk him out of his crazy scheme.
A. We tried very hard B. Try as we might
C. Trying very hard D. As hard as we tried
73. My friend is an interesting storyteller and conversationalist. His brother, on the other hand, __________.
A. is both a poet and a newspaper reporter.
B. bores other people by talking about himself
C. has four children: a boy and three girls
D. knows a lot of stories, too
74. ________ that the doubts being expressed about the project will be unfounded.
A. It is a chance B. They have a chance
C. A chance is given that D. There’s every chance
75. _______ people can move back into their homes.
A. Now the flood having receded B. The flood being receding
C. Now that the flood has receded D. Because of the flood’s receding
Choose the answer that indicates the correct and natural combination of each pair of sentences
76. This ticket entitles you to a free meal in our new restaurant.
A. This ticket is worth a meal in out new restaurant.
B. Buy a meal in our new restaurant, you can have a seat in the theater.
C. If you buy this ticket, you can have a free meal in our new restaurant.
77. The student next to me kept chewing gum. That bothered me a lot.
A. The student next to me kept chewing gum, that bothered me a lot.
B. The student next to me kept chewing gum, which bothered me a lot
C. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothering me a lot.
D. The student next to me kept chewing gum bothered me a lot.
78. Transportation has been made much easier thanks to the invention of cars. However, cars are the greatest
contributor of air pollution.
A. The invention of cars has made transportation much easier, but cars are among the greatest contributors of air
pollution.
B. Although the invention of cars has made transportation much easier, people use cars to contribute to the
pollution of air.
C. It is cars that are the greatest contributor of air pollution although the invention of cars has made transportation
much easier.
D. However easier the invention of cars has made transportation, it is cars that are among the greatest contributors
of air pollution.
79. He was suspected to have stolen credit cards. The police have investigated him for days.
A. He has been investigated for days, suspecting to have stolen credit cards.
B. Suspecting to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
C. Having suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
- D. Suspected to have stolen credit cards, he has been investigated for days.
80. The man wanted to get some fresh air in the room. He opened the window.
A. The man wanted to get some fresh air in the room because he opened the w indow.
B. The man opened the window in order that he could get some fresh air in the room.
C. The man got some fresh air in the room, even though he opened the windowed.
D. Having opened the window, the man could get some fresh air in the room.
Key:
46 - 50: B A C D A
51-60: B A C C D D B A A B
61-65: C D A D A
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