Tuyen tap bio cio Hpi nghj KHCN "30 nim Dau khi Vift Nam: Cff hpi mdi, thich thde mdi" 87^<br />
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MQT SO KET QUA NGHIEN CUtJ TONG HQfP SET HUtJ CO TlT SET<br />
BINH THUAN DE StT DVNG CHO NGANH DAU KHI<br />
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Cao Anh Dung, Tran Xuan Phuong, Le Anh Dao<br />
Hoang Linh, Than Hoang Cudng, Le Minh Son<br />
Cdng ty Dung dich Khoan vd Hod pham Ddu khi<br />
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TOM T A T<br />
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Bdo cdo trinh bay cdc kit qud nghien cuu tdng hgp set hieu ca (set ua ddu) tie set<br />
Binh Thuan vdi cdc hgp chdt amin bgc 4: Didecyldimethyl Ammonium cloride(ARQUAD)<br />
- [2CHs.2C,oH2iN^]Cl, Benzyl cocoalkyl dimethyl Ammonium Cloride (R-N^(CH3)2-CH2-<br />
C^HsJCi) (ARQUAD-MCB80). Di (Hydrogenated tallowalkyl) dimethyl ammonium<br />
cloride [R2N"(CH})2lCr (ARQUAD-2HT75). Benzylmethyl Di(Hydrogenated tallowalkyl)<br />
ammonium cloride fR2N^CH3(CH2C6Hs)JCr. Set Binh Thuan da duac ldm giau bdng<br />
phuong phdp loc udt cd sic dung chdt phdn tdn (NaP03)6. Set Binh Thudn sau khi ldm<br />
giau cd hdm lugng Montmorillonie 56% - 58% vd dung lugng trao ddi cation CEC 66-<br />
68meq/100g set duac sic diing ldm nguyen lieu tdng hap set hiru ca.<br />
Cdu triic cua cdc mdu set hiru ca duac xdc dinh bdng phuang phdp phdn tich nhieu<br />
xg Ranghen (XRD), nhiet vi sai (DTA), nhiet trgng luang (DTG). Khd ndng tgo gel cua set<br />
hieu ca 3% phdn tdn trong diezen vd trong hdn hgp diezen - nude (85/15% theo the tich)<br />
ciing duac ddnh gid thdng qua cdc thdng sd luu biin PV, YP, cudng dp gel tren mdy<br />
FANN model 35A Viscometer. Cdc kit qud thu ductc chi ra rdng khodng cdch ca bdn dooi<br />
giira hai phien set ciing nhu khd ndng tgo gel cda set huTi ca phu thupe vdo kich thudc<br />
cation amin bgc 4 trao ddi. Set hiru ca Binh Thudn chica cation hieu ca cd mgch<br />
hydroeaebon ddi 18 nguyen tic caebon cd dooi ldn nhdt 40,33A^ vd khd ndng tgo gel ciia<br />
chung trong diezen vd hdn hgp diezen - nude ciing ldn nhdt.<br />
Nhdm ndng cao khd ndng tgo gel, chdt hogt dpng bi mat RiR2N(C2H40)iiH<br />
Noramox da duac dua vdo thdnh phdn phdn ung. Cdc thdng sd liru biin ciia set him ca da<br />
dugc cdi thien vd dgt gid tri cue dgi vdi luang Noramox bdng 10% trgng lugng set. Set<br />
hiru ca Binh Thudn bien tinh cd hdm luang chdt hieu ca 40,25% vd dp truang nd trong<br />
toluen 24cm^/g, tuang duang vdi set hieu ca VG-Plus (nhap tie Xingapor) de pha dung<br />
dich khoan gdc ddu.<br />
Set hiiu co cdn ggi la set ua dau la san phim phan iing trao ddi giira cac ion kim loai<br />
nhu Na"^, Ca"^ nim d giiia cac phien set vdi cac vdi cac mudi amin bae 4. Set de san xuat<br />
set hiru co thudc nhdm khoang set truong nd cd ham lugng Montmorillonit Na cao vdi<br />
dung lugng trao ddi cafion it nhat 50 meq/IOO gam set khd va thudng ldn hon hoae bang<br />
70 meq/100 gam set khd [1,2]. Phan iing trao ddi dugc thue hien theo Hinh 1:<br />
88 Mpt so ket qua nghien cdu tong hpp sgt huu cff td sgt Binh Thu|njl:::.<br />
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CHr(3)-CH3 Chr,(3)-CH3<br />
fc) R2^ ^Ri Ri R"<br />
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CB-^-CH3<br />
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©^ e + CH>®<<br />
Ri Rj Ri Rl<br />
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_a_<br />
A<br />
& fe;<br />
Ch^^-CH, CB-^-CH<br />
M(.wywwiniB,j)Mm!^*)<br />
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Na^<br />
Rl, R2 cd sd nguyen tir caebon > 10<br />
Hinh 1: Mo hinh phan irng trao doi hinh thanh set hiru cff<br />
Cac cation amin bae 4 sau khi thay thi cac cation kim loai ed the sap xep thanh ldp<br />
don hoae ldp kep trong khoang khdng gian giira hai philn set tuy thudc vao lugng mudi<br />
amin trao ddi (Hinh 2).<br />
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(+) GT (+) (+)<br />
(a)<br />
Cation amin bae 4<br />
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^ V<br />
^-^1 ^ ^ - (+) 1 (+) (+<br />
(+) GT^ 1 C+) W<br />
(b)<br />
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Hinh 2: Sir hap phu trao doi cation amin bae 4 tren be mat cac phien set<br />
(a) Sir hap phu trao doi mpt lucmg muoi amin tuong ducmg vai dung luong trao doi cation ciia set<br />
(b) Su hap phy vat ly lugng muoi amin du tren cac cation amin da bi hap phy tren be mat phien sit.<br />
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Su CO mat ciia cation bae 4 trong khdng gian giiia hai phien set khdng chi lam cho<br />
khoang each dooi ciia khoang set thay ddi ma cdn lam cho set cd tinh ua dau. Nhd vay<br />
trong cac dunp mdi set hiiu co phan tan, truong nd, tao gel thixotropic (xuc bien). Set hiru<br />
CO dugc img dung trong nhilu ITnh vuc cdng nghiep nhu lam chat tao eau tnic pha dung<br />
djch khoan gdc diu, vat lieu xir ly mdi trudng (tach hgp chat huTj co va dau trong nude)<br />
phu gia san xuit diu md bdi tron, myc in, son, my pham, v.v. Gan day, set hiru co dugc<br />
img dyng lam phy gia biin tinh vat lieu polime, nhya vdi myc dich tang do bin co ly.<br />
Nhung vat lieu nay cd ten la nanoeompo';it [3].<br />
Bao cao nay trinh bay kit qua nghien cim tdng hgp set hiin co tir set bentonit Binh<br />
Tuyen tap bio c i o Hpi nghj KHCN "30 nam Dau khi Vift Nam: Cff hpi mdi, thich thde mdi" 89<br />
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Thuan va cac mudi amin bae 4 khae nhau vdi muc dich tao dugc chat tao cau tnic cho pha<br />
che dung djch khoan goc dau:<br />
• Didecyldimethyl Ammonium eloride(ARQUAD) - [2CH3.2CioH2,N^]Cr ky hieu<br />
la 2M2DBenzyl cocoalkyl dimethyl Ammonium Cloride (R-N^(CH3)2-CH2-<br />
CeHjJCl") (ARQUAD-MCB80) R dai dien cho nhdm C12 va C,4 ky hieu MCB80<br />
• Di (Hydrogenated tallowalkyl) dimethyl ammonium cloride [R2N^(CH3)2]Cr<br />
trong dd gdc R dai dien cho Ci8(58%), C,6(32%) ky hieu 2HT-75.<br />
• Benzylmethyl Di(Hydrogenated tallowalkyl) ammonium cloride<br />
[R2N^CH3(CH2C6H5)]Cr trong dd gdc R dai dien cho C,8(58%), C,6(32%). ky<br />
hieu M2HTB.<br />
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KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU<br />
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1. Nghien cihi lam giau khoang set Binh Thuan<br />
Set Tuy Phong, tinh Binh Thuan thudc nhdm set truong nd (cdn ggi la bentonit Binh<br />
Thuan) cd ham lugng montmorillonit Na rat thap 13% - 15%. Cac mau set thu dugc ngoai<br />
thanh phan montmorillonit Na cdn chiia lugng ldn cac khoang khae nhu thach anh,<br />
felspat, calxit, v.v... Vi vay, bentonit Binh Thuan trudc khi dua vao tdng hgp set hihi co<br />
can phai dugc lam giau de nang cao ham lugng montmorillonit Na.<br />
Chiing tdi da nghien ciiru lam giau khoang set Binh Thuan tren eo sd phuong phap<br />
udt [4, 5] cd sir dung chat phan tan (theo so dd tren Hinh 3).<br />
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Set Nude Chat keo ty<br />
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'' '' ''<br />
dd Sodium<br />
Huyen phii Ly tam Say kho,<br />
hexa meta<br />
Biin %k\. mjn hoic I9C ep nghien mjn<br />
photphat<br />
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(1) (2) '' 70°C ^ SO'C<br />
San xuat<br />
thai Ba thai sdt hiru co Nude loc<br />
(1) Lang giai doQn I<br />
(2) Lang giai do " . ' ^ ^ y ^<br />
• f - \<br />
1<br />
"' M \ •<br />
OTA1:20 ' n \ ; M^dUH)<br />
lyroi: 20 1 V •<br />
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ll^^ ' "" ~ —— iji,o™ '<br />
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100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 200 300 400 500<br />
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Hinh 9a: Gian do nhiel cua sA hOu co tdng hop lilr sa Binh ThuAn -i<br />
Methyl benzyl dihydronated lallow amoniumclonia H Inh 9b. Ciin Sh nhif t cda iit hiru ca tbng hgp tii-<br />
sit Blnh thu^n _+ Dimethyl dihydronated tallow<br />
amoniumclorua<br />
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100 200 300 400 500 600 700 BOO 900 1000<br />
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000<br />
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Hinh 9d: Gian do nhiet cua sit hOru co tdng hop tii Wyoming +<br />
Hinh 9c : Gian do phin tfeh nhiit ciia sU Blnh Thuin sau khi (uyen Dimethyl dihydronated Tallow amoniumclorua<br />
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0 O 2 O 0 3 0 O 4 O O 5 « ) 6 O O 7 0 0 e 0 0 9 O O<br />
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Hinh 9e Gian do nhlel cua sit hOfu co I6ng hop ttr Wyoming i<br />
Methyl Benzyl dihydronated Tallow amoniumclonia Hinh 9g: Ciin dd nhift DTG v i<br />
DTA cua s^t Wyoming<br />
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Hinh 9: Gian do nhiet DTG-DTA cua<br />
cac mau set hiru cff Binh Thuan va Wyoming<br />
TuyIn tap bio cio H$i nghj KHCN "30 nim Dau khi Vift Nam: Cff hpi moi, thich thde mdi" 95^<br />
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tri dooi ctia set hiru co nhung lai lam tang cac gia trj luu bien cua set trong diezen va trong<br />
hdn hgp diezen - nude.<br />
Mau set hiiu co Wyoming-2HT-75 ed ham lugng chat hiru co (36,6%) cao hon set<br />
Binh Thuan (33,2%) va cac tinh chat luu bien cao ban set Binh Thuan. Dieu nay chimg td<br />
do cd ham lugng montmorillonit Na cao hon nen set Wyoming ed kha nang tiep nhan<br />
lugng cation amin bae 4 nhieu hon.<br />
Su tang dot biin cae gia trj PV, YP va gel lO'VlO' ciia set hiiu co trong he diezen<br />
nude so vdi trong diezen da cho thay nude cd vai trd rat ldn trong viee tao eiu tnic cua set<br />
hiru CO trong cac hydrocarbon. Tinh chat nay dugc ung dyng de pha dung djch khoan goc<br />
dau. Qua gia trj lim bien trong Bang 4 cd the xep ve mat chit lugng eua cac miu set huu<br />
CO theo thiir tu Wyoming - 2HT-75 tuang duong VG-Plus > Binh Thuan-M2HBT > Binh<br />
Thuan 2HT-75 > Binh Thuan CB80 > Binh Thuan -2M2D.<br />
Tren gian dd nhiet DTA-DTG cua eae mau set hiru eo nhan thay cd hieu ung toa<br />
nhiet trong khoang nhiet do 200 - 850*^C, tai dd xay ra sy khir hap phy va chay thanh phan<br />
him CO trong mau. Dieu nay khdng quan sat thay tren gian dd nhiet ciia bentonit Binh<br />
Thuan da lam giau va bentonit Wyoming.<br />
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3. Bien tinh nang cao kha nang tao cau true cua set Binh Thuan<br />
Vdi muc dich nang cao kha nang tao cau true, tir nhieu ngudn tai lieu khae nhau [6,<br />
7] chiing tdi da chgn chat hoat ddng be mat cd cdng thuc RiR2N(C2H40)ii H (ten thuong<br />
mai Noramox) ket hgp vdi mudi amin tham gia vao phan ung trao ddi vdi set. Chat boat<br />
ddng be mat khi ed mat d ldp giura hai phien set se lam tang kha nang phan tan set hiru co<br />
trong dung mdi. Lugng Noramox dua vao tham gia phan ung 10, 20, va 30%) so vdi lugng<br />
khoang set. Tinh chat cua cac mau set hiJu co sau khi bien tinh dugc trinh bay d Bang 5 va<br />
Hinh 10.<br />
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Bang 5: Tinh chat \wi bien cua set hiru cff Binh Thuan bien tinh vdi Noramox trong<br />
diezen va he diezen - nirdc<br />
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Tinh chat luu bien ciia he phan tan set<br />
hiiu CO 30 g/L (85% diezenyi5% nude)<br />
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STT PV YP Gel 10" Gel 10'<br />
Set hiiru co Binh Thuan<br />
(cp) (Ib/lOOft^) (Ib/lOOft^) (Ib/lOOft^)<br />
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D DN D DN D DN D DN<br />
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1 Binh Thuan -2HT-75 4 10 4 30 I 28 1 30<br />
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2 Binh Thuan -2HT-75 - NOR 10% 6 12 8 43 5 38 9 46<br />
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3 Binh Thuan -2HT-75 - NOR 20% 6 11 7 41 4 37 8 45<br />
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4 Binh Thuan 2HT-75- NOR 30% 5 11 6 40 3 35 7 38<br />
96 lVl9t so ket qua nghien cdu tdng hp-p s^t hdu co tir s6t Binh Thuan dl..<br />
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Tir ket qua neu trong Bang 5 va 20<br />
Hinh 10 nhan thay khi cd Noramox<br />
tham gia phan ung thi cac gia tri PV,<br />
YP, cudng do gel cua set hiiu eo trong 15<br />
diezen va diezen -nude deu tang len,<br />
nhung tang nhieu nhat d 10%<br />
Noramox. 10<br />
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Bang phuong phap phan tich<br />
nhiet da xac djnh dugc ham lugng chat<br />
hiru CO trong set hiiu eo Binh Thuan 0 510 15 20 25 30 35<br />
biin tinh vdi 10%) Noramox la 39,9%), % Noramox<br />
cao ban so vdi khi chua bien tinh Hinh 10: Anh hudng cua Ivtffng Noramox<br />
(33,2%). den gia trj PV, YP cua set hiru cff Binh<br />
Phd nhieu xa Ranghen, gian do Thuan 2HT-75<br />
phan tich nhiet DTG, DTA cua set<br />
Binh Thuan bien tinh bang Noramox dugc trinh bay tren Hinh 11.<br />
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S.impte M a u T H . : H T » N O R ( 7 9)<br />
TGA-DTA Flic C ITAVDalaVSDTIpHixyig.oZI<br />
O^ralor Minh<br />
Mtflhco RaiT>o RunOalo 26-OCI-04 17:37<br />
Commmi Cuong" Sample tale 10 C/niin »i Air InsMjinenr 2960 SDT V3.0F<br />
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400 600<br />
Temperature (*C)<br />
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Hinh 11: Gian do DTG-DTA va XRD cua mau set hiru cff Binh Thuan -<br />
2HT75 - Noramox (10%)<br />
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MIU set hiru co Binh Thuan - 2HT-75 - NOR 10% va miu VG-plus (dl so sanh) da<br />
dugc sir dung lam chat tao eau true pha dung djch khoan gdc dau. Kit qua do tinh chit luu<br />
bien cua dung dich khoan dugc trinh bay trong Bang 6.<br />
TuyIn tap bio cio Hpi nghj KHCN "30 nim Diu khi Viet Nam: Co hdi mdi, thich thde mdi" 97<br />
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Bang 6: Tinh chat lu-u bien dung djch khoan goc dau pha tir cac mau set hiru off<br />
Mdu set dooi Hdm Dp truang<br />
lugng nd trong PV YP Gel IOV10"<br />
A" toluen,<br />
chdt hiru (cp) (Ib/lOOft^) (Ib/IOOft^)<br />
ca(%) (cm^/g)<br />
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Binh Thuan -2HT- 39,9 40,25 24 30 30 23/30<br />
75-NOR 10%<br />
VG-Plus 32,78 33,5 17 26 30 25/30<br />
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Ghi chii: (*) Thdnh phdn dung dich khoan gde ddu:<br />
- Hdm luang set hieu ca: 30g/l<br />
- Ty li ddu/nuac: 80/20 (theo the tich)<br />
- Hdm luang mudi CaCh trong pha nude: 25%<br />
- Ty trgng dung dich: I,30g/cm (them bpt barit vdo dung djch de dgt duac ty trgng ndy)<br />
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Tir sd lieu trong Bang 6 nhan thay cac gia trj PV, YP va Gel ciia dung djch khoan<br />
gdc dau pha tir VG-Plus va Binh Thuan-2HT75-Noramox tuong ty nhu nhau.<br />
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TAI LIEU THAM KHAO<br />
1. European patent application 0476509 A2 (11.9.1991). A method of treated water for<br />
organic contaminants with water dispersible modified smectite clay.<br />
2. Jordan J.W., 1949. Mineralogy. May 28.<br />
3. US Pat. 3865240.<br />
4. US Pat. 5358120.<br />
5. US Patent 4517112.<br />
6. Claude M., 1984. US Patent 4450095: Organophilic clay gellant having enhanced<br />
dispersibility.<br />
1. US Patent 4081496, 1978. Finlayson: Thixotropic polyester compositions containing<br />
and organophilic clay gellant.<br />
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