Nâng cao hiệu quả hoạt động nhập khẩu sách báo trong bối cảnh hội nhập quốc tế

NGHIEN COU-TRAO BOI<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Nan^ eao hieu qua hoat dong nhap khau<br /> saeh bao trong boi eanh hoi nhap qude 4<br /> • ThS. TRINH TUNG<br /> Dai hoc Van Hda Ha Noi<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ach bao la sdn p h a m<br /> <br /> S van hda tinh thdn,<br /> n h a n to quan trong<br /> tiong viec hinh thanh nhan each<br /> con ngtfdi, phifdng tien giao due<br /> khdng the thieu tiong moi thdi<br /> dai. Sach bao cd vai trd to ldn<br /> trong viec trang hi nhiing kien<br /> thifc cd bdn n h a t ve the gidi<br /> quan, n h a n sinh quan, cd didu<br /> kien gidi thieu truyen thd'ng van<br /> hda ntfdc nha, tiep thu van minh<br /> nhan loai va thanh ttfu khoa hoc<br /> tien tien tren the gidi. cac nhd kinh doanh, xuat b d n Ha Noi. 4 / Cty cd phdn Phat<br /> cac sach bao rieng biet cfia Viet h d n h TP. Ho Chi Minh. 5/ Cty<br /> Hoat ddng NK sdeh bdo la<br /> Nam va cdc thi tnfdng khdc. Ddu ttf va Phdt trien van hoa<br /> "Qua trinh trao ddi, lifu thdng<br /> Hoat ddng NK sdeh bao vdi muc (CITIMEX). 6 / Cty cd phdn XNK<br /> sach bao thdng qua dtfa, n h a n<br /> dich kinh doanh trong nhiing VHP (CUTURIMEX). 7/Cty XNK<br /> nhiing sach, bao va dich vu ttf<br /> n a m gdn day dang cd chieu sach bao (XUNHASABA)<br /> mot ntfdc hoac khu vtfc XK vdo<br /> htfdng gia tang m a n h me nhifng + Tinh hinh XNK sach bao<br /> nifdc NK" Sd di la qua trinh tiao<br /> thie'u tinh dong bd va bdc Id cua DN Viet Nam til nam 2002<br /> ddi, Itfu thdng ma khdng ddn<br /> nhidu bat cap. Chinh vi vay, cdn - 2009. (Xem bieu trang ben).<br /> thudn chi la hoat ddng mua ban,<br /> cd nhiing gidi phdp mang tdm vl<br /> bdi vi, tiong hoat ddng NK sach Qua dd thi tren, cho thay klm<br /> md de qudn ly va thuc day hoat<br /> bao thi chia ra, sach bao NK ve ngach NK sach bdo cfia Viet<br /> ddng NK sdeh bao ndi chung vd<br /> khdng diing de kinh doanh va Nam tang ldn m a n h sau ttfng<br /> qudn tri hoat ddng NK sdeh bdo nam. Dac biet ttf nam 2008 den<br /> saeh bdo NK diing de kinh<br /> ndi ridng. nay tang len nhieu ldn so vdi<br /> doanh. Ddi vdi sach bao NK<br /> dung de kinh doanh thi "Hoat Thtfc trang hoat ddng NK nhiing nam trtfde dd. Trong khi<br /> ddng NK sach bdo la mot qua sach bao cua DN Vi§t Nam dd, kim ngach XK sach bao tang<br /> trinh mang cdc sach bao va dich khdng nhieu va khdng deu. DiSu<br /> + Chu the tham gia hoat<br /> vu cfia cdc qudc gia hoac khu nay cho thay, can can thifdng<br /> dgng NK sdeh bdo: Hien nay cd<br /> vtfc khac ve Viet Nam thdng qua mai giiia XK va NK mat hang<br /> 7 ddn vi dtfdc Bd Van hod. The<br /> h a n h vi mua b a n trong khudn sach bdo la mat can ddi. Ty^ 1?<br /> thao va Du lich cap giay phep<br /> khd phdp luat" Stf mua b a n dd nhap sieu dang gia tang.<br /> hoat ddng NK trtfc tiep XBP:<br /> la mdt hinh thtfc cfia mdi quan 1/TCty Sach Viet Nam. 2 / TCty + Tinh hinh v§ so Itfoing<br /> he xa hdi va phdn dnh stf phu Van hod Sal Gdn. 3 / Cty TNHH sach bao XNK cua DN Vi$t Nam<br /> thudc ldn nhau ve kinh te' giiia mdt thanh vidn nha ntfdc Sdeh Qua bdng tidn, cho thay so<br /> 8 1 THUONG MflSd 30/2011<br />  NGHIEN OOU-TRAO DOl<br /> <br /> Don vl tinh: Trieu USD viec cho phep mdt sd DN dtfdc<br /> NK sach bao ngoai van trtfc tiep<br /> 20 tif nifdc ngoai. Dieu nay, mot<br /> 15 Kim m a t dnh htfdng tdi hieu qua<br /> ngach kinh doanh cfia cac DN lam an<br /> 10 chan chinh. Mat khac, cdn gay<br /> NK<br /> ra stf rdi loan ve quan ly nha<br /> Kim ntfdc. Trong khi lau nay Cue<br /> ngach Xuat bdn chi xem xet danh muc<br /> ^ XK t e n ttfng Id sach "xin phep"<br /> ^ n h a p (dtfdc dich ra tieng Viet)<br /> cua DN, nay thi thay tif "xin<br /> (Ngudn: Bdo edo tong ket hdng nam cua Cue xudt bdn) phep" bang tif "dang ki" Cue<br /> Xuat b a n cho phep kem theo<br /> Itfdng sach NK nam 2010 so vdi doanh, vifa phdi tinh den ldi cdng van ghi rd "de nghi DN td<br /> nam 2002 la kha cao, gap 15,6 nhuan. Id lai, mang tinh canh chifc tham dinh ndi dung trtfde<br /> khi lifu hanh". Nhtf vay trach<br /> Bang: So lUdng sach bao XNK cua DN Vi$t Nam tCr 2002 - 2010 nhiem tham dinh vd ndi dung la<br /> DVT: cudn, td hoan toan thudc ve phia DN.<br /> Nam ScT lupng Toe do SoTluong Toe do Cdn Cue Xuat b a n dtfdc p h a n<br /> sach N K phat trien bao, tap chr phat edng qudn ly nha ntfdc lai khdng<br /> (%) NK trien(%) cd trach nhiem gi tnfdc ndi dung<br /> 2002 570000 1050000 cfia sach bao NK. Ve mat hinh<br /> 2003 994858 175 1263000 120 thtfc thi ai ciing nhan ra stf thay<br /> 2004 1020000 103 1380000 109 ddi, cung ddu thay stf "cdi tien"<br /> 2005 1080000 106 1428000 103 trong thfi tuc h a n h chinh, ai<br /> 2006 1220000 113 1506000 105 cung ttfdng se de dang hdn<br /> 2007 1350000 111 1612000 107 trong khau NK sack bao. Nhifng<br /> 2008 4680000 347 5780000 358.5 ve bdn chat thi vdn vay, vi neu<br /> 2009 7692000 164 6827000 118 khdng cd td "dang ki" do Cue<br /> 2010 8898600 116 7621000 112 Xuat b a n cap thi hdi quan sd<br /> (Nguon: Bdo edo tong ket hdng nam cua Cue xudt bdn) khdng cho thdng quam.<br /> Ngoai ra, each tham dinh nhtf<br /> ldn vd sd lifdng bdo, tap chi tang tranh; mat khac lai cdn phdi vay cd the hieu difdc ndi dung cfia<br /> 7,2 ldn. Dilu dd the hien nhu ddm bdo dung qui dinh cfia Luat sach bao dd nhtf the nao. Vi du<br /> cdu vd sach bao cfia n h a n dan la Bao chi, Luat Xuat ban mot each nhtf cudn "Nhiing ke sat nhan"<br /> cao. Dac biet la sd lifdng sach NK nghiem tuc, nhdm khdng de lot khi doc ten sach nay thi cdn bd<br /> ngay cdng tdng thi khau qudn li, xuat bdn pham doi truy, ddc hai, cfia Cue nhat dinh khdng chiu<br /> kidm duyet ciing trd len phtfe phdn ddng den khach hang. Vi duyet, bdi vi doc len ddy tinh bao<br /> tap, vi the nhd ntfdc cdn p h a n vay, viec phdi hdp kiem tia saeh life. Thtfc ra day Id cudn sach td<br /> quyen tideh nhiem cho cac DN. bao ngoai van mdi NK cfia cdc cao thtfc dan phap vdi stf da man<br /> M^t s6 gidi phdp vi md ning cd quan qudn ly Nha nifdc Id rat cfia minh d Viet Nam. Nhtf vay cd<br /> cao hi^u qud quan tri ho^t cdn thiet. dtfdc phat hanh khdng?<br /> d^ng NK sdeh bdo Vi$t Nam Thtfc te cho thay nhu cdu ve Gidi phap cho van dd Id:<br /> trong di§u ki$n hdi nh|ip kinh sach bdo ngoai van tiong ntfdc Thic nhdt: Cue Xuat bdn can<br /> t^ quoc tlT. ngay cang tSng cao da khien thdnh lap bo phan chuyen tiach<br /> Hodn thi$n thu t^c NK eho mot sd td chtfc, Cty trong tham dinh sdeh bdo ngoai vSn,<br /> sdeh bdo. nifdc lao vao kinh doanh trong gdm cdc chuyen gia gidi ve ngoai<br /> Cdng viec kinh doanh sach linh vtfc XNK sdeh. Gdn day ngii, vdi nhiing linh vtfc ^^<br /> bdo NK Vila mang tinh kinh xuat hien tinh hinh "ndi ldng" ehuyen mdn rat rong.<br /> <br /> TNH0N6M«18630/2011 19<br /> NGHllN COU-TRAO odi<br /> <br /> 0 ^ Trong dieu kien kinh phi "^"^^ COfiG i7T^'*^<br /> ^^<br /> va n h a n life hien nay thi didu<br /> nay khd thtfc hien dtfdc.<br /> Thif hai; B6 hinh thtfc tdm tdt<br /> ndi dung tifng cudn sach bdng<br /> tieng Viet, vi nhtf the mat qua<br /> nhieu thdi gian cho DN. Hdn nifa,<br /> nha ntfdc da qui tiach nhiem ve<br /> ndi dung cho cdc DN ndn viec<br /> dich tdm tat ndi dung la khdng<br /> can thiet.. Dong thdi cac cd quan<br /> van hod ttf ttfdng, an ninh vdn<br /> ket hdp kiem tia nghidm tuc ve<br /> mat qudn ly nhd ntfdc nham phat<br /> hien ndi dung khdng dtfdc phdp,<br /> tnfdc khi cho phep phat h a n h<br /> theo qui dinh cfia Luat Xuat ban Bd Van hoa - The thao va Du lich nay phdi that nghiem minh.<br /> va Luat Bao chi edn nghidn cifu khd nang ndi Ho trcf thong tin cho DN<br /> long ttfng phan nhu cdu xin NK<br /> ThU ba: Hai quan cdn bo qui De tao mot san chdi binh<br /> trtfc tiep cfia eae DN cd dfi chtfc<br /> dinh tinh thue VAT khdng diing dang giiia Viet Nam va the gidi,<br /> nang, tianh tinh tiang qud nhidu<br /> vdi Bd Tdi chinh nhtf hien nay giiia cdc mat hang thdng thifdng<br /> DN NK trtfc tiep tiong khi trinh<br /> va n e n Hnh ddng trong viec vdi mat hdng sdeh bao ndi rieng<br /> do va qui md cfia cd quan qudn<br /> thdng quan dd'i vdi nhifng sach thi Nha ntfdc, cac cd quan chtfc<br /> ly trtfc tiep dtfdc Bd giao cho la<br /> bao ma chtfa cd tdm tdt dich ve nang da, dang va sd tham gia ddy<br /> cue Xuat bdn chtfa kiem sodt het<br /> ndi dung hay chi sai lech mot vai du cdc dieu tfde qudc te nhif: To<br /> difdc nhifng sach bao NK.<br /> tif so vdi danh muc gfii Cue Xuat chifc thtfdng mai the gidi (WTO),<br /> bdn ki. Bd Van hod - The thao va Du bdo ho chat che quydn s6 hCfu tri<br /> lich da cd quyet dinh dinh chi tue (IPR), Hiep dinh chung vt<br /> Tao sU binh dang, cong<br /> cap giay phep cho cdc loai sach Thue quan vd Mau dich (GATIl,<br /> bang giUa cdc DN<br /> dich, n h a n b a n ttf cae sach ntfdc hiep dinh thifdng mai ve QuySn<br /> Canh tranh la mot tiong ngoai, neu chtfa cd sif thod Sd hilu Tri tue (TRIPS)... Do vay,<br /> nhiing quy luat dae tnfng cd bdn thuan ve bdn quyen vdi phia tac Nha nifdc vd cac cd quan qudn ly<br /> cfia kinh te thi tnfdng, song canh gid va n h a xuat bdn gdc d ntfdc cdn tao dieu kien tdi da va hd tre)<br /> tianh lanh manh tiong mdi ngodi. Tuy nhidn thtfc trang tren vd mpi mat de giup cdc DN bat<br /> tnfdng kinh te van hod xa hdi vdn khdng eham dtft, tham chi<br /> kip vdi yeu cdu, ddi hdi cfia cac<br /> hien nay that chang dd dang cho ddi vdi loai sach sao y bdn chinh<br /> cac DN nhat lai la DN kinh doanh cam ket qudc te dd ra. Tranh<br /> bang photocopy lai cd xu htfdng<br /> mat hang nhay cam nhif sach trtfdng hdp, cdc ed quan qudn li ki<br /> gia tang. Bdi le nhifng bien phdp<br /> bao NK hien nay. Chinh vi vay, kd't rdi dtfa xudng dp dat thifc<br /> nhtf vay chi ddnh trtfc tiep vdo<br /> vai tid dieu tiet cfia Nhd ntfdc hien ma khdng quan tam tdi noi<br /> ldi ich kinh te cfia DN, td ehtfe<br /> tiong qudn ly vi md thdng qua tai DN cd thich nghi kip thdi hay<br /> ttf n h a n dd vi pham bdn quyen.<br /> phdp luat nhdm ddm bdo cdng khdng. Mat khdc, trtfde khi Viet<br /> Cho ndn de ngan chan dtfdc<br /> bang tiong kinh doanh la rat edn Nam tham gia ki ket cdc didu ifdc<br /> hien ttfdng nay Bd Van hda<br /> thiet. Day la didu kien "can". qudc te thi cdc cd quan qudn ly<br /> The thao va Du lich phai dp<br /> Hoat ddng kinh doanh XNK cfia ndn td chtfc mdi cac DN tham gia<br /> dung cdc bien p h a p xii p h a t<br /> DN cd dtfng vufng va phdt trien hdi thdo, tiao ddi gdp y M€n 6i<br /> h a n h chinh, dp dung cdc mtfc<br /> dtfcfc hay khdng lai phu thudc tif dd dtfa ra cdc didu khodn c6<br /> phat tai chinh cho moi ddi ttfdng<br /> hoan toan vao ndi Itfc tife khd ldi nhat cho Viet Nam va cac DN<br /> sdn xuat, kinh doanh cde loai<br /> nang canh tianh cfia chinh DN. sdeh bdo vi p h a m b a n quydn NK sach bdo.<br /> Dd chinh la didu kien "dfi" nhif tren va dieu quan trong Khi tham gia hdi nhap qudc<br /> De khdc phuc tinh tiang ndy nhat la thtfc hien cdc bien phdp te, thdng tin thi trtfdng, thdng<br /> 1 0 1 THUONG MAI Sei 30/2011<br />  NGHllN COU-TRAO BOI<br /> <br /> tin ve cac didu tfde qudc te, can<br /> dtfdc cac cd quan chtfc nang<br /> cung cap kip thdi, cdng khai den<br /> Sffa doi quy Omh doi vdi tiiu tuc cap C/0<br /> cdc DN NK sdeh bao cfia Viet gay 10/10/2011, Bd Cdng Thuang ban hanh Thdng tu sd<br /> Nam. Trdnh tnfdng hdp lam<br /> xong mdi sfia, gay thiet hai cho<br /> N 37/2011/TT-BCT ve sCia doi Thdng tu sd 36/2010/TT-BCT ngay<br /> 15/11/2010 cua Bd Cdng Thuang thuc hien Quy tac Thu tuc cap va kiem t<br /> DN va ca ndn kinh te.<br /> xudtxdsLta ddi va Quy tac cu thSmat hang theo he thdng hai hda phien bin<br /> Ho trgt ddo tq.o nguon 2007 trong Hiep djnh Thuang mai hang hda thudc Hiep dmh Khung ve Ha<br /> nhdnlUc tic kinh tdtoan dien giQa Hidp hdi cic qudc gia Ddng Nam A va nude Cdng<br /> De giup cdc DN n a n g cao hda Nhin din Trung Hoa.<br /> hieu qud qudn tri hoat ddng NK Theo dd, Thdng tu sd 37/2011/TT-BCT sCia doi Dieu 11 Phg luc 2 cua<br /> sach bdo, Nhd ntfdc cdn cd stf Thdng tu sd 36/2010/TT-BCT ddi vdi thu tuc cap C/0, theo dd "C/O mSu E<br /> hd trd, ddo tao nguon n h a n Itfc CO thd duac cdp tnJdc hoac tai thdi diem XK. TnJdng hap ngoai le khi C<br /> cfia toan ngdnh. Trong dd, dac mail E khdng duac cap via thdi diem XKhoac sau ba (03) ngay tinh tdngiy<br /> biet chu trong dao tao cac edn XK, theo yeu ciu cua nha XK, C/O mdu E cd the duac cap sau phu hap vd<br /> bd nghiep vu phuc vu cho hoat<br /> quy djnh cua Bdn XK trong thdi han mudi hai (12) thing ke td ngiy hing<br /> ddng XNK sdeh bdo cfia DN.<br /> duac chdt Idn tau va phai danh dau vio 6 sd 13 nai cd ddng chQ "ISSUED<br /> Hdng n a m . Cue Xuat b d n n e n<br /> RETROACTIVELY". Trong tnidng hdp dd, nha NKhing hda da khai bio xi<br /> td chtfc cdc khda hoc nang cao<br /> hudng uu dai thue quan ddi vdi hing hda dd cd the nop C/O mau E cdp sa<br /> nghiep vu, ky nang cho eae can<br /> cho ca quan Hai quan Ben NK, phu hap vdi quy dinh cua Ben NK".<br /> bd h o a t ddng trong linh vtfc<br /> XNK s a c h bao. To chile cac Thdng tu niy cd hieu lUc thi hinh ke tU ngiy 25/11/2011.<br /> dodn can bd di hoc hoi, giao lifu PV<br /> vdi cdc n h a xuat b d n ldn tren<br /> the gidi. Vtfa hoc hdi kinh<br /> nghiem qudn tri, vifa md rdng bdo Vi$t Nam vd hpp tdc xudt tin trdn the gidi. Sau khi da<br /> tim kiem nguon hdng, mat hang ban - phdt hdnh sdeh bdo tren nghien ctfu ky ve ndi dung, chat<br /> phuc vu cho nhu cdu nang cao phg.m vi todn cdu Itfdng sach, xin Cue Xuat bdn<br /> d a n tri cfia xa hdi. cap giay phep xuat bdn, nham<br /> Nghidn ctfu lien ket hop tdc<br /> dtfa nhieu loai sach hilu ich,<br /> Khuyen khich, hd trgt xudt bdn sdeh nUde ngodi tgi Viet<br /> lanh manh cfia ntfdc ngoai theo<br /> thdnh lap hoi cdc nhd NK sach Nam vdi cac nha xuat bdn cd uy<br /> gia hdp ly vao thi trtfdng Viet<br /> Nam, cung cap cho ngtfdi doc<br /> nhidu loai sach ntfdc ngoai cd<br /> chat lifdng in an tdt trong ntfdc,<br /> gia cd hdp ly, phii hdp vdi thtfc<br /> tiang thu nhap cfia nhan dan ta.<br /> Lam dtfdc didu dd edn gdp phdn<br /> dau tianh chdng nan an cdp bdn<br /> quyen, sdeh nhai, sach dich,<br /> photocopy dang lan tidn, khdng<br /> qudn ly ndi hien nay.<br /> Dong thdi, thanh lap hdi cac<br /> DN NK sach bao cfia Viet Nam,<br /> hoat ddng theo dung chifc nang,<br /> trdeh nhiem cfia cdc DN NK<br /> sdeh bdo, vtfa tiao ddi thdng tin<br /> hai chidu, vtfa hoc hdi kinh<br /> nghiem qudn tri, vtfa hd trd<br /> nhau phdt trien •<br /> THUUNGMVS6 30/201.1 I 11<br />