Thực trạng và giải pháp truyền nghề trong nghệ thuật sân khấu dù kê, chòm – riêng chà pây và chế tác mô hình mặt nạ, nhạc cụ Khmer

The rich cultural heritage of the Khmer people in Southern Vietnam, particularly their traditional theatrical arts like Dù kê and Chòm riêng chà pây, along with indigenous musical instruments and masks, plays a crucial role in their identity. However, in the face of rapid technological advancements and the proliferation of modern entertainment forms, these invaluable traditional art forms are increasingly vulnerable to fading into obscurity. This necessitates urgent and effective solutions for preservation and development. This paper addresses the critical issue of vocational transmission within these specific Khmer art forms, highlighting their current state and proposing practical strategies to safeguard and promote them for future generations.

Researchers, cultural policymakers, educators, and practitioners involved in the preservation and development of traditional arts, particularly those focusing on ethnic minority cultures in Vietnam.

This academic paper meticulously examines the current state of vocational transmission for traditional Khmer performing arts in Southern Vietnam, specifically focusing on Dù kê theater, Chòm riêng chà pây music, and the crafting of Khmer musical instruments and masks. It outlines the profound cultural significance of these art forms to the Khmer people while highlighting the severe challenges they face, including a decline in public interest, particularly among younger generations, and the threat of obsolescence due to the dominance of modern entertainment and technology. The paper employs a descriptive and analytical approach, detailing the difficulties in sustaining continuous training programs, attracting new talent, securing adequate funding, and maintaining necessary infrastructure for these crafts. It underscores that despite their recognition as national intangible cultural heritage, practical issues such as aging artists, limited performance opportunities, and the absence of clear career pathways contribute to their precarious state. The study further identifies the critical need for a sustainable market for crafted items to ensure economic viability for artisans. To address these pressing issues, the paper proposes a comprehensive set of solutions. These include increasing government and institutional support, providing consistent funding for vocational training and infrastructure, and implementing policies to incentivize artisans. Crucially, it emphasizes the importance of widely promoting these art forms, especially to younger audiences, through diverse media channels and community engagement. The proposed strategies also involve collaborating with educational institutions to integrate these traditional arts into curricula, fostering skill development, and organizing cultural events and competitions. Ultimately, the paper advocates for a holistic approach that intertwines preservation efforts with economic development, ensuring these cherished cultural expressions not only survive but also thrive, providing both cultural value and sustainable livelihoods for the Khmer community.