Xây dựng kết cấu hạ tầng của thành phố Hà Nội: kết quả đạt được và tồn tại, hạn chế

• nnnTHONGTiNnnnn<br /> XAY DONG K^T CAU HA T A N G C O A T H A N H P H 6 HA NOI:<br /> <br /> K^T QUA OAT DOOC VA T 6 N TAL HAN CH^<br /> B u i Viet HUng*<br /> Ket cdu hg tdng cd vai trb cUc ky quan trgng, tgo diiu InCm tiin di cho phdt trien kinh texd hgi cda cdc dia phUdng. Bdi vii't ndy gidi thieu nhang nd lUc cda thdnh phd'Hd Ngi thdi<br /> gian qua trong xdy dUng kit cdu hg tdng; due kit nhQng thdnh tUu cdng nhU niu ra nhQng<br /> ton tgi hgn chi'md Hd Ngi cdn cd biin phdp cdi thien trong thdi gian tdi.<br /> <br /> 1. Ha t a n g g i a o t h o n g<br /> u. Kit qud dat<br /> <br /> duac<br /> <br /> Trong nhQng nfim qua, Thflnh pho' Ha<br /> Noi da quan tam chi dgo, tfip trung d i u tU,<br /> phat trien vfl quan ly he thd'ng hg t i n g giao<br /> thong vfin tai, cd nhQng bUdc chuydn bie'n<br /> tich cUe. Trdn ed sd dinh hUdng Quy hogch<br /> chung xay dUng Thu do, Thfinh pho' da tridn<br /> khai nghien cQu cflc quy hogch ehuydn<br /> ngflnh: Quy hoach phfit t r i l n giao thdng van<br /> tai, Quy hogch phat trien vfin tai thuy, Quy<br /> hoach phflt trien van tai DQdng sfit d i n nflm<br /> 2030, t i m nhin 2050. Ddng thdi, huy dpng<br /> nguon vo'n d i u tU thUc hidn eflc d l an, kd'<br /> hoach, du an cd tinh cfi'p thie't nham giai<br /> quye't cfic vfl'n de bQc xuc v l giao thdng do<br /> thi, phflt t r i l n giao thdng nong thdn theo<br /> chUdng trinh p h a t t r i l n ndng thdn mdi (giai<br /> doan 2010 - 2020 vfi dinh hUdng dd'n nam<br /> 2030) trong chQdng trinh cong tae cua<br /> Thanh uy vfl Nghi quyO't cua Hpi ddng n h a n<br /> dan Thfinh phd.<br /> Nhiiu cdng trinh giao thdng da dQdc xay<br /> dung vfl dUa vflo khai thac, sQ dung hieu qua<br /> <br /> nhu: Ciu Vinh Tuy; Dudng Qud'c 16 32;<br /> Dudng Lac Long Qufin; DUdng chd 19/12;<br /> Dudng Vfinh dai 3 (Cau Thanh Tri - Mai<br /> Dieh); Dai lp Thang Long; Dudng Kim Lien 6 Chd DQa; nut nga tU Sd; nut nga tU Vpng;<br /> h i m Kim Lidn; dUdng Nguyin Phong Sflc keo<br /> dfli; C i u Td; C i u Budu; Dudng Phuc La - Vfin<br /> Phu; Dudng true phia Bfie He Ddng; dUdng<br /> Ld vfin LUdng keo dfli; dUdng 77; DUdng 73<br /> (Ba Tha - Mid'u Mon); C i u Den; cau Phung;<br /> DQdng 74; C i u Phung Xa; C i u Hofl Thach;<br /> dudng 78; dUdng 75B; dUdng 88; dudng 80;<br /> cac e l u cho ngUdi di bd vfl nhiiu tuyen dUdng<br /> chinh lien Huydn, lien xa vfl dUdng trong cflc<br /> khu dd thi mdi ... Dang tid'p tuc thUc hien<br /> dudng vflnh dai 1, vanh dai 3 trdn eao, dudng<br /> v a n Cao - Ho Tfiy, Thfli Hfl - Lang v.v...<br /> Da triln khai xay dUng cfi'p bach mot sd<br /> elu vUpt tgi cae mit giao thdng cd mat dp giao<br /> thong cao, trong dd, dfi ap dung cdng nghe mdi<br /> sQ dung kd't cfi'u thep Ifip ghep vdi tai trpng<br /> nhe de d i y giai quyet cfi'p bach nhu e?u vl<br /> giao thdng. 02 ciu vUdt dU kid'n hoan thanh<br /> cdng trinh vflo thang 6/2012: nut Lflng Ha •<br /> Thfli Hfl; n u t Chua Bpc - Thai Ha. DQ kien<br /> <br /> * Bui Viet HUng, Thac sy kinh te, Sci Ke hoach vfl Dau tU Hfl Noi.<br /> Sfi 47 (5+6/2012)<br /> <br /> QUAN Lt KINH TE<br /> <br /> H<br /> <br /> fUl^ft^fiT'"<br /> <br /> XAY DONG K^T cAU HA T A N G CO S6 CpA T H A N H P H 6 H A NQI...<br /> <br /> thang 3/2012 t r i l n khai xay dUng 03 ciu<br /> vUpt: nut Nguyin Chi T h a n h - dudng Lfing;<br /> nut Le Vfin LUdng • dudng Lflng; nut Nam<br /> Hong - Bfie Thfing Long - Npi Bfli d l hofln<br /> thflnh vflo qui IV/2012.<br /> Mang ludi giao thdng ndng thdn dupc<br /> quan tam d i u tU; Tinh dd'n nay, td'ng sd km<br /> dudng giao thdng ndng thdn da dUpc phu<br /> mfit (mfit dudng nhUa, be tdng xi mfing, Ifit<br /> gach ...) dgt trdn 8.043,1 km, chiem 62,13%.<br /> ThUe hi^n duy tu, duy tii dam bao an tofln<br /> giao thdng doi vdi 1.715 km dUdng vfl ciu. Da<br /> hofln thflnh cong tac tie'p nhfln vfl dUa vflo<br /> quan ly, duy tu hdn 160 km dUdng, ciu do Bd<br /> Giao thdng vfln tai bfln giao quan ly nhU<br /> dudng qudc Id 2, 3, 6, 32, 21, dudng Bflc Thfing<br /> Long - Npi Bfli, Dai lp Thfing Long, dudng<br /> vflnh dai 3 doan Khufl't Duy Tid'n - Linh Dam,<br /> ciu Phung, mpt sd'clu vfl h i m di bd...<br /> T r i l n khai eflc giai phap to' chQe giao<br /> thdng nhU: tfing cUdng lUc lUdng phan luong<br /> giao thong, to chQc giao thong linh boat cflc<br /> nut, dieu chinh chu ky ddn tin hidu giao<br /> thong, bd' sung bien bfio, ke sdn to' ehQc giao<br /> thong, d i l u chinh dai phfin cfich tgi cac nut<br /> giao; to' chQc phfin Ifin, tach ddng phQdng<br /> tidn trdn cac tuyen phd' true chinh, to chQc<br /> giao thdng tuyd'n cao td'c Phap Van - C i u<br /> Gie... To' chQc duy tu sQa chfla vfi Ifip mdi he<br /> thd'ng den tin h i | u giao thdng, td chflc giao<br /> thong tgi cac nut giao thong quan trpng<br /> nhQ: Nut Khufi't Duy T i l n - Nguyin Trai;<br /> Nut Thanh Nien - Yen Phu; Nut giao dQdng<br /> Cat Linh La Thfinh Thai Hfl Lfing vdi dudng<br /> Thai Hfi, dudng Lang; Nut T r i n Duy HUng Pham H u n g , Nut Troi - Qud'c 16 32, Nut<br /> Phung • Qud'c lp 32; eai tao he thd'ng ha<br /> t i n g , to chQe giao thdng tai khu vQc nut giao<br /> C i u vUdt Mai Dich; kd't hdp tham duy tu vfl<br /> duy tu he thd'ng sdn ke, bien bao trdn mpt so'<br /> tuyd'n dudng trpng diem cua Thflnh phd'...<br /> N h i i u diem dd xe vfl bdn xe quy md Idn<br /> M<br /> <br /> QUANLtKINHTt<br /> <br /> da hofln thflnh dUa vflo sQ dung nhU: B i n xe<br /> Yen Nghia (7.0ha); did'm do xe Dich Vpng<br /> (didn tich 15.279m2, sQc chQa 230 xe); diem<br /> dS xe Gia Thuy (didn tich 12.933m2, sQc<br /> chQa 180 xe) vfl nhieu diem do xe, trdng giQ<br /> xe khac dfi gdp p h i n giai q u y l t mot p h i n<br /> nhu e l u do xe ngfiy cfing cao cua nhfin dfin,<br /> Hoat dpng vfin tai hfinh khach cdng cpng<br /> chu y i u vfln Ifi xe buyt n h u n g da cd sU phat<br /> t r i l n n h a n h chdng: TQ nflm 2001, so' lUdng<br /> xe buyt lfl 237 xe, vfln c h u y i n khoang 19,7<br /> tridu lupt hflnh khach dd tfing Idn 1.254 xe<br /> vfl vfin chuyen dUdc 446,7 tridu lUdt khach<br /> nflm 2011; Hogt ddng vfin tai hflnh khfich<br /> lidn tinh cung ngfly cflng p h a t trien, dap Qng<br /> cd ban n h u c i u di lgi cua n h a n dan (din<br /> nfim 2011 cd trdn 550 tuyd'n vfln tai hflnh<br /> khfich Hdn tinh, vfin chuyen dQdc 57,1 tridu<br /> <br /> lupt khach).<br /> b. Nhang<br /> <br /> ton tqi, hqn<br /> <br /> che<br /> <br /> - Kd't cfi'u h a t i n g giao thdng vfln tai cdn<br /> nhidu bfi't cflp, thieu mdt mgng lUdi hg ting<br /> giao thdng khung. Ty Id quy dfl't dflnh cho giao<br /> thdng qua thfl'p (hidn tai chi chiem khoang 7 8% didn tich dfl't xay dQng dd thi), trong khi dd,<br /> theo quy hogch xay dQng Thu dd Hfi Npi den<br /> nflm 2030 vfl t i m nhin den nfim 2050, ty Id dat<br /> dflnh eho giao thdng d khu vUc dd thi trung<br /> tam lfl 20-25% (mQc yeu elu hdp ly cho mpt dd<br /> thi hidn dgi). Mflt cflt ngang cfic tuyen dQdng<br /> p h i n Idn lfl hep (m§t cflt 11m chi chid'm<br /> khoang 30%) vfl cd qufl nhieu nut giao ddng<br /> mQc. Mang iQdi giao thong dQdng bp ehUa<br /> dupc kd't ndi hofin chinh de tgo thflnh mgng<br /> ludi ddng bd, dflc bidt chua cd tuyen Vflnh<br /> dai nflo hofin chinh theo quy hoach;<br /> - Phuong tien giao thdng ca nhan tfing<br /> qua n h a n h (khoang 15% nam), trong khi dd,<br /> ty Id dfi't danh cho n h u c i u dQng, do xe cdn<br /> thfi'p (mdi chi dap Qng 10% n h u c i u dQng, do<br /> xe); h$ thd'ng ben, bai, d i i m dd xe t h i l u vl<br /> so iQdng vfl phfin bd' khdng d i u nen nay sinh<br /> <br /> Stf 47 {5+6/20121<br /> <br /> xAY DONG KgT cAu HA TANG CO s 6 CDA THANH P H 6 HA NQI...<br /> <br /> nhiiu bfi't cgp, chfi't lUpng dich vu chUa cao.<br /> Hd thd'ng vfin tai hfinh khfich cong cpng chUa<br /> phat trien (chi cd loai hinh xe buyt vfl mdi dflp<br /> Qng dupc khoang 8-9% nhu ciu di lai).<br /> • Vide phfit t r i l n do thi chUa dong bp vdi<br /> phat trien hg t i n g giao th6ng vfln tai, vide<br /> kd't noi giQa dd thi trung tam vdi ngoai<br /> thanh vfl cac tinh lan cfin cdn han chd':<br /> nhieu khu vUc xfiy dUng them nhiiu chung<br /> cU cao t i n g nhUng mgng ludi dudng giao<br /> thong, bai do xe kh6ng phat tridn tfing<br /> them; nhiiu khu do thi mdi xfiy dUng chUa<br /> CO hd th6'ng giao thong hofin chinh kd't ndi<br /> v6i mang lUdi dudng hien e6, thid'u eae cau<br /> vUdt song, hoflc cd e l u nhUng lfl e l u cu, tai<br /> trong thfi'p khong dflp Qng dUdc nhu c i u<br /> giao thdng di lai cua nhfin dan, nhfi't Ifl d<br /> mpt so'khu vUc cfic huydn ngoai thfinh.<br /> - Mang ludi van tai thiiy kem phat triln,<br /> cac dudng thuy npi dia lac hfiu v l cdng nghe,<br /> giao thdng ke't ndi khdng thufln Idi.<br /> - He thdng giao thdng ndng thon vfi npi<br /> dong tren dia bfin Thfinh phd' chUa dUpc<br /> cQng hofi hofln tofln (vfin edn khoang 4.903,4<br /> kni/12.946,5 km Ifl dudng da't vfl dUdng cfi'p<br /> phdi).<br /> 2. Ha t a n g c u n g c a p d i e n<br /> a. Ket qud dat<br /> <br /> dugc<br /> <br /> Nhin chung trong giai doan vQa qua<br /> Chinh phu; UBND Thfinh phd vfl Sd Cdng<br /> thUdng Hfl Npi; Tfip dofln didn lUc Viet Nam<br /> va Td'ng Cdng ty didn lUc TP Ha Ndi (ddn vi<br /> true tiip quan ly van hflnh cung cfi'p di$n<br /> cho Hfl Ndi) dfi quan tam d i u tu xfiy dUng<br /> cac cdng trinh ngudn vfi iQdi dien dap Qng cd<br /> ban nhu e l u phu tai eho phfit t r i l n kinh te<br /> xa hpi eua Thu dd. He thdng dQdng day vfi<br /> tram bien ap dQdc xay dQng ngfly cflng<br /> nhiiu, chu trpng hdn v l ehfl't vfl dp tin cfiy,<br /> tfing CQdng d'n dinh vfl an tofln hdn trong cfi'p<br /> didn. Cac quy dinh vfl hQdng dfin thQc hidn<br /> So 47 (5+6/2012)<br /> <br /> THONG TIN [jJ^TIl<br /> <br /> quy hoach dien dfi vfl dang dupe xay dUng<br /> nhflm d i n g bp hda vfl theo kip vdi cflc quy<br /> dinh ehung, dflp Qng eho ydu ciu thUc te<br /> trUde mfit c i n phai co de thUe hidn quy<br /> hogch dUdc phe duyet. Cong tfic quan ly quy<br /> hoach didn eung dang bUdc d i u di vflo ne<br /> nep, tfing cUdng hdn tinh he thd'ng vfl chieu<br /> sfiu ehfl't lupng quan ly.<br /> Dd'n nflm 2010 ludi didn Thii do Hfl Npi<br /> dfl dupe d i u tu phat trid'n bao gom: v l tram<br /> bid'n flp d i u tU phfit triln dUdc: 1 trgm<br /> 500kV, 5 tram 220kV, 33 trgm llOkV, 32<br /> tram trung gian va 7.314 tram phfin phdi;<br /> v l dudng day d i u tU phat trien dUdc: 37km<br /> DZ 500kV, 247km DZ 220kV, 623km llOkV,<br /> 6.725km DZ trung flp, 102.434 km DZ ha ap<br /> vfl 1,7 trieu edng td. Didn thUdng phflm tofin<br /> thflnh phd dat 8,9 ty kWh, cong sufi't cue dai<br /> la 1.922MW, td'c dp tflng trudng didn thUdng<br /> p h i m giai doan 2001-2005 la 12,79% va giai<br /> dogn 2006-2010 lfl 11,61%; to'n thfi't didn<br /> nflng: 8,1%. Tong sd'vdn da d i u tU eho phfit<br /> trien didn lUc khoang 5.000 ty dong.<br /> b. NhQng hqn che, tdn tqi<br /> - Ludi didn Thflnh pho' cd dp dU phdng<br /> cung cfi'p dien d mQc hgn che, ludn trong<br /> tinh trang cang thang do ngudn cung ca'p<br /> didn khdng dfip Qng dQpc tQc thdi nhu cau<br /> tflng cao eua phu tai, dac bidt lfl khu vUe<br /> ndng th6n, vflo gid eao diem vfi trong mua<br /> nfing ndng.<br /> - Dp tin cfiy cua ludi didn khdng cao, chUa<br /> dam bao tidu chuan cfi'p didn an tofln, kha<br /> nfing hd trd cfi'p didn Hnh hoat rfi't ban c h i<br /> mdi khi lUdi bi sU cd. Cflc tram 220kV chUa<br /> dupc dUa sau vflo khu vUc trung tfim Thfinh<br /> phd nen tinh trang cung cfi'p dien bfi't d'n khi<br /> cac tuyd'n llOkV ca'p didn cho noi dd ludn<br /> trong tinh trang d i y vfl qua tai.<br /> Khu vUc ta va hQu nggn sdng Hdng lUdi<br /> dien chUa cd sU Hen ke't nen ngudn cfl'p dien<br /> QUANLtKINHTt<br /> <br /> El<br /> <br /> 1 ^ ^<br /> <br /> THflMGTIH<br /> <br /> eho Hfi Npi tQ hai phia khdng hd tr^ dupc nhau<br /> khi mpt phia ngudn hi thieu,<br /> Chfi't lupng didn nflng chUa thUc sU<br /> dam bao dflc biet lfl khu vUc ndng thdn, tdn<br /> thfl't dien nflng lUdi didn hg fip cdn d mQc<br /> cao, trung binh khoang 20%, di0n flp cudi<br /> ngudn mpt so' khu vQc edn thfl'p han c h i<br /> nhieu de'n vide tieu dQng didn cho ddi s i n g<br /> cd ban cua ngQdi dfin.<br /> - Mac dQ tid'n trinh hi$n dai hda lUdi di^n<br /> (ngim hda dudng dfiy di^n, ehuydn ddi lUdi<br /> 6, lOkV v l 22kV de thd'ng nhfl't quan ly vfin<br /> hflnh d cfi'p 22-35kV, Iflp dfit cdng td didn tQ,<br /> Iflp d^t hd thd'ng scada cho ludi truyen<br /> tai,...) trong 5 nfim g i n day da dien ra ti'ch<br /> cUc, my quan do thi nhfi't lfl khu vUc npi<br /> thflnh va cflc khu do thi mdi da dUdc eai<br /> thien dflng ke. Tuy nhien, ludi didn trung ap<br /> cdn ton tai n h i i u cfi'p didn ap nen b a n c h i<br /> rfi't nhieu kha nfing Iinh hoat hd tr^ cung<br /> cfl'p didn mdi khi lUdi bi sU cd'; ludi didn dUdc<br /> quan Iy theo phUdng phap thu cdng la chu<br /> ye'u ndn phai tflp trung n h i i u n h a n lUc lang<br /> phi, khong hieu qua; ban h a n h n h i i u quy<br /> dinh ve hg n g i m cfic dUdng day dien 220,<br /> llOkV trong khi cdng nghd thi cdng, quan ly<br /> van hflnh cap n g i m 220, llOkV chUa dQdc<br /> Ifim chu dQdc dfln de'n bi ddng, khdng kiem<br /> soflt dUdc, dflc bidt lfl khi gfip sU cd'.<br /> 3. H a t a n g t h u y ldi v a ijfng p h o vdii<br /> b i e n doi k h i h a u<br /> u. Hien trang kdt cdu hq<br /> <br /> tang<br /> <br /> * Cdc cdng trinh thuy ldi:<br /> Ho chQa nQdc." Sd hd chQa nUdc ; 96 hd;<br /> Dung tich hflu ich: 194,13 trieu m^; Ngofii ra<br /> cdn cd tren 140 d i m , ao chQa nUdc, bai dang<br /> nUdc<br /> Ve tram bdm dien: T^ng so' trgm bdm<br /> tudi, tieu: 1.849 trgm vdi 3.968 may bdm cfic<br /> loai, trong dd:<br /> E l QUANLtKINHTt<br /> <br /> + Trgm bdm tUdi: 1.297 t r a m vdi 1936<br /> may bdm cac loai;<br /> -t- Trgm bdm tieu: 270 trgm vdi 1.108 may<br /> bdm cac loai;<br /> -t- Trgm bdm tUdi, tidu ket hdp: 282 tram<br /> vdi 924 may bdm cac logi.<br /> H$ thd'ng kdnh mUdng: Hd thdng kenh<br /> mUdng tudi tidu cd 10.058 tuyen vdi chieu<br /> dfli 10.651 km, trong dd da dU