International biology

A Abatement: Reducing the degree or intensity of, or eliminating, pollution. Abatement Debris: Waste from remediation activities. Absorbed Dose: In exposure assessment, the amount of a substance that penetrates an exposed organism's absorption barriers (e.g.,, skin, lung tissue, gastrointestinal tract) through physical or biological processes. The term is synonymous with internal dose. Absorption Barrier: Any of the exchange sites of the body that permit uptake of various substances at different rates (e.g., skin, lung tissue, and gastrointestinal-tract wall).

217p holigon10 15-06-2012 475 150   Download

THEORETICAL TEST: PART B GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS 1. Open the envelope after the start bell rings. 2. A set of questions and an answer sheet are in the envelope. 3. Write your 4-digit student code in every student code box. 4. The questions in Part B may have more than one correct answer. Fill the Answer Sheet with checkmarks (√), numbers, or characters to answer each question. 5. Use pencils and erasers. You can use a ruler and a calculator provided.

73p letran93 09-03-2013 133 26   Download

THEORETICAL TEST: PART A GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS 1. Open the envelope after the start bell rings. 2. A set of questions and an answer sheet are in the envelope. 3. Write your 4-digit student code in every student code box. 4. The questions in Part A have only one correct answer. Mark the correct answer with “X” on the Answer Sheet clearly, as shown below.

60p letran93 09-03-2013 125 24   Download

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS THEORETICAL TEST:PART A 1. Open the envelope after the start bell rings. 2. A set of questions and an answer sheet are in the envelope. 3. Write your 4-digit student code in every student code box. 4. Mark only one correct answer with “” on the Answer Sheet clearly, as shown below.

61p letran93 09-03-2013 99 14   Download

This dissertation focuses on establishing the process of manufacturing bimetallic Fe / Cu internal electrolysis nanomaterial, thereby studying some characteristics correlation between corrosive line and TNT decomposition kinetics and time. Setting and optimizing the internal electrolysis process by bimetal Fe / Cu nanomaterials combined with biological method A2O-MBBR (moving bed Biological reactor) to treat TNT wastewater at laboratory scale and Pilot scale at the scene.

27p larachdumlanat129 20-01-2021 23 3   Download

Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Hungary; 3Department of Inorganic Chemistry, and 4Research Group for Antibiotics, Department of Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Hungary; 5 International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland This study characterizes the calcium-bound CR I – II domain (residues 1–100) of rat calretinin (CR).

9p system191 01-06-2013 43 4   Download

People everywhere expected the new millennium to bring surprises. But the particular shock and horror that rippled through the international viticulture community in 2000 was most unexpected. It had been found that sixteen of the most highly prized varieties of wine-making grapes were the products of mating between the classic Pinot and the classically undervalued Gouais grape. This blew the proverbial cork off the industry's bottle because the Gouais was considered such an inferior specimen that there were even attempts to ban its cultivation in France during the Middle Ages.

8p zingzing09 24-04-2013 60 3   Download

Melanotransferrin (MTf) is a membrane-bound transferrin (Tf) homologue foundparticularly inmelanoma cells. Apart frommembrane-boundMTf, a soluble formof themolecule (sMTf) has been identified in vitro [Food, M.R., Rothen-berger, S., Gabathuler, R., Haidl, I.D., Reid, G. & Jefferies, W.A. (1994)J. Biol. Chem.269, 3034–3040] and in vivo in Alzheimer’s disease. However, nothing is known about the functionof sMTf or its role inFeuptake.

11p research12 23-04-2013 22 2   Download

a2 -Macroglobulin (a2M) is an abundant glycoprotein with the intrinsic capacity for capturing diverse proteins for rapid delivery into cells. After internalization by the receptor-mediated endocytosis,a2M-protein complexes were rapidly degraded in the endolysosome system. Although this is an importantpathway for clearanceofbotha2Mandbiological targets, little is known about the nature ofa2M degradation in the endolysosome system.

10p tumor12 20-04-2013 36 3   Download

Penicillin amidase fromAlcaligenes faecalisis a recently identifiedN-terminal nucleophilehydrolase,whichpossesses the highest specificity constant (kcat /Km)forthehydrolysis of benzylpenicillin compared with penicillin amidases from other sources. Similar to theEscherichia colipenicillin ami-dase, theA. faecalispenicillin amidase is maturatedin vivo from an inactive precursor into the catalytically active enzyme, containing one tightly bound Ca 2+ ion, via a complex post-translational autocatalytic processing with a multi-step excision of a small internal pro-peptide. ...

8p fptmusic 12-04-2013 59 4   Download

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is a Ca 2+ mobilizing second messenger found in various cell types, tissues and organisms. Receptor-mediated formation of cADPR may proceed via transmembrane shuttling of the substrate NAD and involvement of the ectoenzyme CD38, or via so far unidentified ADP-ribosyl cyclases located within the cytosol or in internal membranes. cADPR activates intracellular Ca 2+ release via type 2 and 3 ryanodine receptors.

8p fptmusic 11-04-2013 43 2   Download

Folate is an essential vitamin involved in a number of biological processes. High affinity folate binding proteins (FBPs) exist both as glycosylphospha-tidylinositol-linked, membrane associated folate binding proteins and as soluble FBPs in plasma and some secretory fluids such as milk, saliva and semen. The function and significance of FBPs are unresolved, however, it has been suggested that they may facilitate folate uptake, e.g. during suck-ling.

8p fptmusic 11-04-2013 44 2   Download

PDZ domains are protein–protein interaction modules that are crucial for the assembly of structural and signalling complexes. They specifically bind to short C-terminal peptides and occasionally to internal sequences that structurally resemble such peptide termini. The binding of PDZ domains is dominated by the residues at the P 0 and P )2 position within these C-ter-minal targets, but other residues are also important in determining specific-ity.

11p fptmusic 11-04-2013 37 3   Download

Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) function as molecular chaperones, pre-venting stress induced aggregation of partially denatured proteins and pro-moting their return to native conformations when favorable conditions pertain. Sequence similarity between sHSPs resides predominately in an internal stretch of residues termed the a-crystallin domain, a region usually flanked by two extensions.

15p awards 06-04-2013 49 3   Download

The leader proteinase (L pro ) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) ini-tially cleaves itself from the polyprotein. Subsequently, L pro cleaves the host proteins eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4GI and 4GII. This prevents protein synthesis from capped cellular mRNAs; the viral RNA is still trans-lated, initiating from an internal ribosome entry site. L pro cleaves eIF4GI between residues G674 and R675. We showed previously, however, that L pro binds to residues 640–669 of eIF4GI.

10p awards 06-04-2013 39 4   Download

A molecular understanding of volatile anesthetic mechanisms of action will require structural descriptions of anesthetic–protein complexes. Porcine odorant binding protein is a 157 residue member of the lipocalin family that features a large b-barrel internal cavity (515 ± 30 A ˚ 3 ) lined predomin-antly by aromatic and aliphatic residues. Halothane binding to theb-barrel cavity was determined using fluorescence quenching of Trp16, and a com-petitive binding assay with 1-aminoanthracene.

0p awards 05-04-2013 18 2   Download

To shed light on the mechanism of isotopic exchange of a-protons in amino acids catalyzed by pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes, we studied the kinetics of quinonoid intermediate formation for the reactions of tyrosine phenol-lyase with L-phenylalanine, L-methionine, and theira-deuterated analogues inD2O, andwe compared the results with the rates of the isotopic exchange under the same conditions.Wehave found that, in theL-phenylalanine reaction, the internal returnof thea-proton is operative, and allowing for its effect, the exchange rate is accounted for satisfactorily....

7p awards 05-04-2013 55 4   Download

The corticotropin releasing factor receptor 1 (CRFR1) belongs to the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors. Though CRF is involved in the aetiology of several stress-relateddisorders, includingdepressionandanxiety, detailsof CRFR1 regulation such as internalization remain unchar-acterized. In the present study, agonist-induced internal-ization of CRFR1 in HEK293 cells was visualized by confocal microcopy and quantified using the radioligand 125 I-labelled sauvagine.

0p awards 05-04-2013 34 3   Download

Penetratin is a 16-residue peptide [RQIKIWFQNRRM KWKK(43–58)]derived from the Antennapedia homeo-domain, which is used as a vector for cellular internalization of hydrophilic molecules. In order to unravel themembrane translocation mechanism, we synthesized new penetratin variants. The contribution of the positively charged residues was studied by double substitutions of Lys and/or Arg resi-dues to Ala, while the specific contribution of Trp48 and Trp56 was studied by individual substitution of these resi-dues to Phe. ...

11p dell39 03-04-2013 46 4   Download

The 2006 Global BioMillennium Conference took place in Tbilisi, Georgia, on 13–17 July 2006. The Conference was focused on key aspects of gene expression processes. Characteristic of state-of-the-art research in the life sciences, the invited lectures spanned approaches in cell biology, gene expression, and protein function.

4p galaxyss3 21-03-2013 52 4   Download