zunia.vn

Tuyển sinh 2024 dành cho Gen-Z

zunia.vn

» Luận Văn - Báo Cáo

» Báo cáo khoa học

báo cáo khoa học: " The global health governance of antimicrobial effectiveness"

Chia sẻ: Nguyen Minh Thang | Ngày: | Loại File: PDF | Số trang:2

Báo xấu

47
lượt xem 3
download

Download Vui lòng tải xuống để xem tài liệu đầy đủ

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: The global health governance of antimicrobial effectiveness

Chủ đề:

Bình luận(0) Đăng nhập để gửi bình luận!

Lưu

Nội dung Text: báo cáo khoa học: " The global health governance of antimicrobial effectiveness"

Globalization and Health BioMed Central Open Access Editorial The global health governance of antimicrobial effectiveness Greg Martin* Address: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK Email: Greg Martin* - greg.martin@lshtm.ac.uk * Corresponding author Published: 25 April 2006 Received: 23 April 2006 Accepted: 25 April 2006 Globalization and Health 2006, 2:7 doi:10.1186/1744-8603-2-7 This article is available from: http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/2/1/7 © 2006 Martin; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Antimicrobial resistance is a growing threat to public health the world over. Global health governance strategies need to address the erosion of antimicrobial effectiveness on three levels. Firstly, mechanisms to provide incentives for the pharmaceutical industry to develop antimicrobials for diseases threatening the developing world need to be sought out. Secondly, responsible use of antimicrobials by both clinicians and the animal food growing industry needs to be encouraged and managed globally. And lastly, in-country and international monitoring of changes in antimicrobial effectiveness needs to be stepped up in the context of a global health governance strategy. Four and a half billion years of evolution has left the public interest need to be devised. Public Private Partner- microbes that cause disease in humans, with a remarkable ships (PPPs) have shown some promise but are yet to rep- capacity for adaptation to changes in their micro chemical resent a definitive solution. It is quite remarkable that, environment. This month Globalization and Health pub- until last year, despite 1.5 million people dying of the dis- lished a paper, "Antibiotic resistance as a global threat: ease annually, we had failed to produce a single novel TB Evidence from China, Kuwait and the United States" treatment for 30 years. which explores the possibility of a global spread in anti- microbial resistance (AMR) and a novel technique for Secondly, and perhaps most importantly, mechanisms monitoring such a phenomenon. Whether or not AMR need to be put in place to ensure responsible antimicro- spread will become a global phenomenon still remains to bial usage by clinicians. Overuse, under-use, poor diag- be seen, the monitoring thereof will however be a valua- nostic techniques and inappropriate choice of ble exercise, (figure 1). antimicrobial account for the bulk of resistant strains emerging world wide. The WHO has taken the lead in this The problem of AMR need to be addressed on three fronts. regard with its recommendations under the 'widely and Firstly, on a bio-molecular level, antimicrobial develop- wisely' approach to AMR control. ment needs to be aggressive and target aspects of the path- ogens which are least likely to have variable phenotypes. The overuse of medication is often a response to demand- While research along these lines is being done, our failing ing patients receiving private health care, who want the is perhaps in the pace of it. Research and development for "latest" and "best" drugs that money can buy. They are diseases in the poorest countries – those that are most unlikely to be satisfied with the use of penicillin as a first affected by infectious disease – is sorely lacking and inno- line of treatment for their pneumonia and are equally vative mechanisms to provide incentives for the pharma- unlikely to be persuaded by an explanation which ceutical industry to develop drugs which are in the global involves calculating a "greater net social utility". Page 1 of 2 (page number not for citation purposes)
Globalization and Health 2006, 2:7 http://www.globalizationandhealth.com/content/2/1/7 Antimicrobial effectiveness (AME) is subject to the classi- cal economic scenario of the 'tragedy of the commons'. A 'common' good differs from a public good, in that, although it can be accessed by everyone, it can also be used up, i.e. it is 'rival' in consumption. This is best illus- trated with the scenario of a field (or common), to which all the local farmers have access. Before long, the field is over-grazed and of little use to anyone. It is not just clinicians who are responsible for over graz- ing the green grass of AME. The use of antimicrobial in the growth of cattle, poultry and fish is contributing to increase in AMR to Enterococci and other microbes which cause infections in humans. Finally, global health governance strategies need to be continually updated and implemented with a strong emphasis on surveillance. In "Antibiotic resistance as a global threat: Evidence from China, Kuwait and the United States", published this month in Globalization and Health, Zhang et al. explore the possibility of measuring and monitoring the spread of AMR globally. In the context of this ongoing erosion of AME and the ominous prospect of returning to an era akin to that of the 'pre-antimicrobial', renewed and innovative efforts to pro- mote new drug development needs to be combined with the coordinated management of 'global common goods consumption' and an ongoing global surveillance strat- egy. Competing interests The author(s) declares that they have no competing inter- ests Publish with Bio Med Central and every scientist can read your work free of charge "BioMed Central will be the most significant development for disseminating the results of biomedical researc h in our lifetime." Sir Paul Nurse, Cancer Research UK Your research papers will be: available free of charge to the entire biomedical community peer reviewed and published immediately upon acceptance cited in PubMed and archived on PubMed Central yours — you keep the copyright BioMedcentral Submit your manuscript here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/info/publishing_adv.asp Page 2 of 2 (page number not for citation purposes)

CÓ THỂ BẠN MUỐN DOWNLOAD

LV.11: Bộ Luận Văn Tốt Nghiệp Chuyên Ngành Tài Chính Ngân Hàng

172 tài liệu

837 lượt tải

THÔNG TIN

TRỢ GIÚP

HỖ TRỢ KHÁCH HÀNG

Theo dõi chúng tôi

Chịu trách nhiệm nội dung:

Nguyễn Công Hà - Giám đốc Công ty TNHH TÀI LIỆU TRỰC TUYẾN VI NA

LIÊN HỆ

Địa chỉ: P402, 54A Nơ Trang Long, Phường 14, Q.Bình Thạnh, TP.HCM

Hotline: 093 303 0098

Email: support@tailieu.vn

Giấy phép Mạng Xã Hội số: 670/GP-BTTTT cấp ngày 30/11/2015 Copyright © 2022-2032 TaiLieu.VN. All rights reserved.