Báo cáo nghiên cứu nông nghiệp " Healthy Seed– Standards of Seed Supply and QualityAssurance "

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What’s a provenance? • Geographic origin of particular seed or plants • Population of plants at a location • Sub-set of species diversity and adaptability. E. camaldulensisprovenances near Petford, Queensland, grown at Chachoengsao, Thailand. 2 year volumes

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Nội dung Text: Báo cáo nghiên cứu nông nghiệp " Healthy Seed– Standards of Seed Supply and QualityAssurance "

Healthy Seed – Standards of Seed Supply and Quality Assurance Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 1
What is quality? • Species name • Origin details • Viability/Germination • Purity • Storage life • Genetic diversity • Documentation Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 2
Managing quality • Quality control procedures • Processes to ensure ‘quality’ • Quality assessment • Processes to measure ‘quality’ Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 3
Flowchart for seed into ATSC Quality control ATSC Specification Quality assessment Seed Supplier.i.e. CSIRO collectors, private collectors and other gov'n organisations from Australia and overseas Botanical correlated field Seed type Specimens Individuals and bulk collection data Reclean Registration Number for Seed each seedlot Fumigate (Carbon Provenance data Dioxide) sheet Germination Test Record Card Germination Retest every Seed Storage Data base 5 years Seed Dispatch Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 4
Quality control • Specifications for collections • Species (vouchered) • Location • Collection strategy (no. plants, quantity/plant) • Timing (maturity) • Viability and Purity • Post-collection handling • Documentation Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 5
What’s a provenance? • Geographic origin of particular seed or plants • Population of plants at a location • Sub-set of species diversity and adaptability Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 6
E. camaldulensis: northern provenances 130° 140° 10° 26 25 24 23 16 30 27 15 17 28 19 18 14 22 13 1-12 31 29 32 21 20 0 500 Kilometres 20° WA NT QLD Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
E. camaldulensis provenances: Petford region 145° 146° 0 30 Kilometres Cairns 17° Dimbulah 11 10 12 9 7 8 Atherton 6 1 Petford 4 5 2 3 Innisfail Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
E. camaldulensis provenances near Petford, Queensland, grown at Chachoengsao, Thailand. 2 year volumes 140 2-year volume (m3 x 10 -4) 120 distance 40 km 100 80 145.1 145.2 144.9 145.0 Latitude (degrees East, decimal) of provenance Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
Remnant bushland can have: • Reduced species mix • Reduced genetic base • breeding options limited by fragmentation • Reduced pollination vectors • Reduced capacity to respond to change Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 10
Open-pollinated eucalypt family - mix of outcrossed, inbred progeny pollen pollen pollen seed 70% outcrossed 20% selfs 10% inbred (relative mating) Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
Sampling technique for wild provs • Understand taxonomy and distribution of genetic diversity • Maximise genetic diversity in collection • Low level of phenotypic selection in wild populations • Avoid related trees Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
Self-fertilised family - inbreeding depression of growth pollen seed Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
Inbreeding problems Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
Matching seed source to end use • Assisted regeneration - natural seed source • Revegetation - suitable species, adapted seed source • Conservation – broad genetic base, species diversity • Land management (degraded soils) - select material • Commercial production – selected and improved Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre
Factors affecting seed longevity • Seed category: Orthodox seed/recalcitrant • Temperature • Moisture • storage atmosphere Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 16
Purpose of seed testing. • Assess and monitor the physical quality of the seed from the time of collection through to sowing. • This monitoring, enables optimum storage temperatures at a species level to be determined. Maximising the life of seed in the seed bank. • ATSC follow modified International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) rules for our specific needs. • Determine if a seedlot should be stored or discarded. Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 17
Principle components of seed testing. • Sampling • Purity • Dormancy • Germination testing • Vigour • Moisture content Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 18
Sampling and mixing Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 19
Purity Greening Australia Victoria Australian Tree Seed Centre 20