Phát triển chuỗi của hàng bán lẻ của doanh nghiệp thương mại Việt Nam - Thực trạng và giải pháp

e OflNH NGHieP Vfl PHflT TRI€N<br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN CHUOI Cl/A HANG BAN LE CUA DOANH NGHIEP<br /> THirONG MAI VIET NAM - THIfC TRANG VA GIAI PHAP<br /> PGS.TS. Phan To Uyen<br /> Dgi hoc Kinh te Quoc dan<br /> <br /> <br /> TCf 1/1/2009, Viet Nam da chinh thifc md eifa thi trifang ban le theo cam ket gia nhap<br /> WTO. Sif kien nay mang lai nhdng thach thifc khong nho cho he thong chuoi eda hang<br /> ban le eda cac doanh nghiep thuang mai Viet Nam; tao nen mpt bdc tranh da dang, mot<br /> cuoc canh tranh ngay cang gay gat trong ITnh vdc phan phoi ban le. Day la xu the tat<br /> yeu, nhung lam the nao de he thong chudi cCfa hang ban le eda cac doanh nghiep<br /> thuang mai Viet Nam khong bi'lan at, pha san va du sUc canh tranh tren thi trudng noi<br /> dia va tUdng lai la thi trudng quoc te? Day la van de rat Idn dat ra hien nay Vi vay trong<br /> khuon kho bai viet, tac gia khai quat thuc trang chudi cCta hang ban le cua doanh nghiep<br /> thUdng mai (DNTM) Viet Nam thdi gian qua, chi rd nhdng han che, yeu kem va de xuat<br /> mot so giai phap chu yeu phat trien chuoi cCfa hang ban le cCia doanh nghiep thUdng mai<br /> Viet Nam thdi gian tdi.<br /> <br /> . Thyc tranp chuoi cUa toan cau, nhang thj tradng ban lau chuyen ban le hang hoa<br /> <br /> I hang ban le cua doanh<br /> nghiep thu'dng mai Viet<br /> Nam hien nay<br /> le hang hoa va dich vu 'vin<br /> tang tradng tdi^ 24,5%, taong<br /> dadng vdi tdng mCfc lau<br /> cua ca nadc. (xem b i n g 1).<br /> Sii phat trien manh m§ va<br /> sdi ddng cua hoat ddng<br /> NhCrng nam qua, cung vdi chuyen ban le hang hoa- djch thaong^mai da thuc day sii<br /> qua trinh ddi mdi hdi nhap kinh vu la 1.561,6 nghin ty ddn^. phat trien manh me tadng Crng<br /> te cua dat nadc, thj tradng Day la mac tang cao hdn ban cua he thdnp phan phdi ban le<br /> hang hoa, ban le cua Viet Nam so vdi da kien dau nam; neu tren khap ca niidc. TC/ chd he<br /> phat then ngay cang sdi ddng. loai tra yeu td tang gia thi v i n thdng phan phdi truyen thdng<br /> Neu nha nam 2000 tdng mac tang gan 15%.^Ve tdc dp tang (chd, quay, sap...) chiem 90%<br /> lau chuyen ban le hang hoa mac lau chuyen ban le hang (nam 1990), de'n 2(309 con sd<br /> dich vu cua Viet Nam mdi chi hoa- djch vu giCfa cac tinh, dja nay giam xudng chi cdn 40%,<br /> l i 220',411 nghin ty ddng, thi phaong thi Ha Ndi va thanh cdn lai 44% la chudi cCra hang<br /> de'n nam 2010, mac du v i n phd Hd Chi Minh thadng cd tien ich; 10% la cac sieu thj,<br /> cdn chju nhieu hau q u i va tac td'c dp cao hdn, bdi day la 2 trung tam thaong mai va 6% la<br /> ddng tJeu ciic tCr cudc khung trung tam thadng rnai Idn, cac ddn vi phan phd'i tnic tiep.<br /> hoing va suy thoai kinh te chie'm hdn tdi 30% tdng mac Ta chd chi xuat hien d Ha Ndi,<br /> <br /> Banc) 1: Tong mure ban le hang boa va doanh thu dieb vu tieu dij n g theo gia thue te<br /> Don vj: Ty dong<br /> Ca nirdc HaNol TP. Ho Cbl Minh<br /> Nam Toe do Toe do Toe do<br /> Ty dong Ty dong Ty dong<br /> tang (%) tang (%) tang (%)<br /> 2000 220411.6 - 21973.0 - 57988.0 -<br /> 2001 245315.0 11,30 23682.0 7,78 62319.0 7,47<br /> 2002 280884.0 11,50 27842.0 17,57 71493.0 14,72<br /> 2003 333809.3 18,84 30906.6 11,00 81274.6 13,68<br /> 2004 398524.5 19,39 37045.9 19,86 95993.4 18,11<br /> 2005 480293.5 20,52 44823.1 21,00 107977.4 12,48<br /> 2006 596207.1 24,13 55817.7 24,53 136506.3 26.42<br /> 2007 746200.4 25,15 67987.9 21,80 167934.3 23,02<br /> 2008 1009800.0 34,99 133312 96,08 231607 37,91<br /> 2009 1214532.1 20,58 157494 18,14 288802 24,69<br /> 2010 1561600.0 24,5<br /> <br /> (Nguon: Nien giam thdng ke 2009, Thdi bao kinh te Viet Nam 17/1/2011)<br /> <br /> <br /> kinh Mat trii<br />  DORNHNGHI€PVflPHi^TTRI<br /> <br /> Bieu do: Cd cau theo doanh thu cua thj trirdng ban le doanh nghiep vdi ngadi tieu<br /> Viet Nam dung), C2C (giu'a ngadi tieu<br /> dung ydi ngadi tieu dung) da<br /> tao dieu kien thuan lpi cho sii<br /> C O CAU TH! TRUCXNG B ^ N LE CClA VIET NAM<br /> ra ddi cua mpt md hinh ban le<br /> mdi: kinh doanh sieu thj "io",<br /> THEO DOANH THU<br /> ciia hang "ao", ehp "io". Hinh<br /> Q Dem vj pluin plioi lr\rc tiep<br /> thCrc nay mdi chi xuat hien tai<br /> Viet Nam song da phat trien<br /> Bern vj phdn nhanh chdng do cac tru the<br /> D Sieu thi, TTTM<br /> phoi true tiep, D Ciia hang bail le ma nd mang lai. Nhieu DNTM<br /> Cira hdng bdn />% Viet Nam da biet ket hop vaa<br /> ie.44%^ 1 [—;^ ^~-,-_ kinh doanh va ban le theo<br /> wW""^ ""Cha.<br /> "x 40% dang chudi hoac tnic thudc<br /> (md hinh truyen thdng), ddng<br /> thdi md cac website de gidi<br /> ' ^ ^ ^ _™ _ j^^^^^^^^^^^p^<br /> thieu va ban s i n pham cua<br /> Sieu thi. minh.<br /> TTTM, 10% Tham gia kinh dcanh tren<br /> thj tradng ban le Viet Nam cd<br /> (Nguon: Bd Cdng ThUdng) sii gdp mat cua nhieu DNTM<br /> thudc mpi thanh phan kinh te.<br /> thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, den cac ehp truyen thdng khdng Nhieu DNTM trong nadc da rat<br /> het nam 2009, c i nadc cd 446 cdn la hinh thCrc chu yeu, ma thanh cdng trong viec phat<br /> sieu thj, 78 trung tam thadng thay vao dd la cac hinh thCrc then chudi sieu thj, ciia hang<br /> mai, khoing 10.000 cCra hang phan phd'i hien dai ngay cang tien i'ch vdi thaong hieu ngay<br /> tien ich, ta dd tap nen "bac tang nha: sieu thj, CLTa hang cang dapc khang djnh tren thj<br /> tranh da dang ve he thdng chuyen doanh, cCfa hang tien tradng nha: Intimex, Hapro-<br /> phan phd'i ban Je tren thi ich. mart, Vinatexmart, Marko,<br /> tradng ndi dja (Bieu dd). Hdi nhap kinh te cung vdi sii Co.oP Mart, Fivimart, Nguyin<br /> Ngadi tieu dung ngay nay phat trie'n nha vu bao q u i Kirn, Viet Long, MediaMart...<br /> CO the de dang thoi man nhu cdng nghe thdng tin, he thdng Dien hinh trong sd do phai ke<br /> cau ve hang hoa djch yu qua Internet, sii xuat hien cua cac tdi he thdng chudi sieu thj va<br /> nhieu kenh phan phdi khac loai hinh thaong mai dien tCr CLfa hang tien ich HaproMart.<br /> nhau. Nhin vao bing 2 cho nha: B2B (giao djch giufa cac Ra ddi ngay 11/1J/2006 hinh<br /> thay, hien nay mua hang tai doanh nghiep), B2C (GiCfa thanh va phat then trong qua<br /> <br /> Bang 2: Cd cau hang hoa phan phoi qua cac kenh<br /> <br /> \ . , ^ ^ Kenh phan Tiem tap Chd Sieu thj Dai ly Cura hang Kenh long<br /> ^ \ ^ phoi hoa chuyen khac<br /> doanh<br /> San pham ^^^^<br /> Dapc pham va 4.7% 2.7% 2.9% 17.0% 70.2% 2.5% 100%<br /> dung cu y te<br /> van phdng pham 28.1% 5.1% 11.7% 14.1% 35.1% 5.9% 100%<br /> Gia vi 28.9% 26.6% 28.3% 12.7% 2.7% 0.8% 100%<br /> Giay 23.5% 5.3% 11.5% 17.3% 35.7% 6.7% 100%<br /> Thgc pham che 22.8% 16.9% 37.6% 16.1% 5.9% 0.8% 100%<br /> bien<br /> Banh keo 20.5% 10.3% 21.3% 25.4% 21.3% 1.2% 100%<br /> Nhaa va cao su 3.5% 26.0% 7.0% 27.7% 34.8% 0.9% 100%<br /> Siia va s i n pham 25.6% 8.9% 27.0% 27.5% 9.4% 1.6% 100%<br /> tasu^a<br /> £)6 udng 26.2% 8.8% 23.1% 28.4% 9.2% 4.4% 100%<br /> Hoa daoc 29.1% 15.2% 33.6% 12.3% 8.7% 1.1% 100%<br /> Chung 11.0% 8.4% 15.1% 25.0% 38.4% 2.1% 100%<br /> (Nguon: ht tp://v\/ww.scribd.com^<br /> <br /> <br /> Tieii<br />  © O n N H NGHI6P Vfl PHflT TRI6N<br /> <br /> Bang 3: So li/dng diem ban le cua he thong chudi ban le cua Cong ty sieu thj<br /> Ha No! (Hapromart) qua cac nam<br /> Nam 2008 Nam 2009 Nam 2010<br /> Hinh thurc kinh doanh<br /> Trung tam thadng ma<br /> Sieu thi 22 22 40<br /> Ciia hang tien ich 15 20 50<br /> Cira hang chuyen doanh 46 99 180<br /> CCra hang/trung tam thgc pham an 14 14 72<br /> toan Haprofood<br /> (Nguon: Cong ty sieu thi Ha Ndi)<br /> <br /> trinh hdi nhap WTO, Hapro- chung loai hang hoa... ke't hpp Nang lgc tai chfnh yeu kem<br /> Mart da nd lgc xay dong mdt vdi chip'n lapc thfch nghi theo nen cac ^ DNTM Viet Nam<br /> chien lapc^phat trien he thdng nhu cau khach hang de phuc khdng the dau ta phat trien,<br /> ban le cua minh theo cac vu sg da dang cua ngadi tieu md rdng mang ladi va nang<br /> hadng chinh sau: Ddi vdi khu dung. Chfnh vi vay, thadng cao chat Igpng phuc vu khach<br /> vgc npi thanh Ha Ndi^ Hapro- hieu Co.opMart ngay cang hang. Thieu sg lien ke't giaa<br /> Mart tap trung phat trien chudi dapc ngadi tieu dung tren cac DNTM trong nadc va giaa<br /> CLfa hang tien fch quy md nhd. khap ca nadc biet den. cac DNTM vdi cac doanh<br /> Tai cac khu vgc xa trung tam, nghiep, cac hd,... s i n xua't<br /> HaproMart cho hinh thanh cac II. Mot sd van de ^at ra tix<br /> thgc trang phat trien chudi hang hda de tao ^ra chudj<br /> sieu thj Idn tai cac diem nut cung gng hang hpa dn djnh ve<br /> giao thdng. t a i cac tinh lan ciia hang ban le hang hoa<br /> cua DNTM Viet Nam thdi khdi lapng ngudn hang, da<br /> can, HaproMart^ hinh thanh dang ve chung loai,...<br /> cac dai sieu thj d nhCfng vi tri gian qua<br /> ThU nhat, Sau hdn 4 nam la ^ ThU ba, viec phat trien chudi<br /> "die dia". Vi vay, de'n cudi nam<br /> thanh vien cua WTO va hdn 2 cCra hang ban^ le theo hadng<br /> 2010, he thdng chudi ban le<br /> nam md cu'a t_hj tradng ban le, hien dai ddi hdi mdt he thdng<br /> cua HaproMart da phat then<br /> he thdng chudi ban ie cua cac hau can hien dai va mang tfnh<br /> nhanh chdng len con sd la: 5<br /> DNTM trong nadc da phat chuyen nghiep cao Day la van<br /> trung tam thaong mai, 40 sieu<br /> trien theo hgdng gia tang sd de hien tai ma Viet Nam dang<br /> thj 50 CLfa hang tien fch, 180<br /> lapng cac diem ban le trong c i thieu, ta "phin cCfng" nha he<br /> cu'a hang chuyen dpanh va 72<br /> nLTdc, gia tang ty trpng cac thdng kho^bai, cac phaong tien<br /> cCra hang thgc pham an toan<br /> hinh thac ban le hien dai nha van chuyen chuyen dung, den<br /> HaproFood (Xem bing 3).<br /> trung tam thaong mai, sidu thi, "phan mem" la con ngadi va<br /> Ben canh dd phii ke tdi phaong phap lam viec trong<br /> cCra hang tien fch, cCra hang<br /> chudi he thdng ban le he thdng. Tfnh chuyen nghiep<br /> chuyen doanh... giim ty trpng<br /> Co.opMart thudc lien hiep trong kinh doanh ban le cua<br /> cac cCra hang kinh doanh theo<br /> HTX mua ban, thanh phd Hd cac DNTM Viet Nam chaa<br /> phaong thgc truyen thdng<br /> Chi Minh - Sai Gdn Co.op, ke cao, tham chf rat ye'u so vdi<br /> trong cd cau he thdng ban le<br /> ta khi sieu thi Co.opMart dau cac dd'i thu canh tranh ta qud'c<br /> cua minh^ Tuy nhien, sg phat<br /> tien ra ddi (CoopMart - Cdng te, chaa tao dapc sa lien ke't<br /> trien chudi cUa hang ban le,<br /> Quynh) ngay 9/2/1996, Sai phdi hdp giaa c i c khau ta thu<br /> cua cac DNTM Viet Nam thdi<br /> Gon Co.^op da khdng ngang mua ^den phan phdi, van<br /> gian qua cdn mang nang tfnh<br /> phat trien va trd thanh he chuyen, thgc hien cac ddn<br /> tg phat, thieu dn djnh, thieu<br /> thdng banje Idnnhat Viet Nam hang, lau chuyen hang hoa.<br /> quy hoach_cu the va'chaa ben<br /> vdi he thdng gdm 47 sieu thj Hau can cho he thdnp phan<br /> vang rat de bj tdn thaong mdi<br /> Co.opMart va^ chudi 20 cCfa phdi nha: kho b i o quan, cac<br /> khi cd bien ddng khach quan<br /> hang thgc pham an toan tien kho lanh, xe t i i chuyen dung<br /> ben ngoai.<br /> loi- Co.op Food (tfnh de'n ngiy thieu ddng bd, chaa hien dai,<br /> 28/4/2010). Hoc tap kinh ThU hai, he thdng chudi cCra dac biet la chaa dat chui'n khu<br /> nghiem cua cac tap doan phan hang ban le cua DNTM Viet vg'c va qudc te. Viec td chCrc<br /> phdi nadc ngoai nha: WalMart, Nam phat trien manh, song cung gng hang hoa chu ye'u la<br /> Tesco, Carrefour,... Sai gon chu ye'u la quy md'nhd phan cd gi ban nay, chaa cd chien<br /> Co.op da^thgc hien chien lapc bd chga hop ly va thieu tfnh lapc kinh doanh "bai ban",<br /> "tieu chuan hoa", nghTa la x i y lien ke't. Vd'n lau ddng nhd nen trong dd chaa xay dang dadc<br /> dgng md hinh sieu thj, ^cCfa hang hoa cdtrong sieu thi, cira vung cung cap ngudn hang dn<br /> hang tien fch dat tieu chuan tg hang chu ye'u la hang ky giii, djnh de tieu thu.<br /> thiet ke, bd trf mat bang, he thanh toan cham, laong hang<br /> thdng quay ke, chfnh sach gia. ThU tu Cdng tac xuc tien<br /> tg mua chi chiem '20-30%. thaong mai, marketing, dg bao<br /> <br /> <br /> 10 kinh te Phat trien<br />  DOflNRNGHI€PVflPH(^TTRI<br /> <br /> thdng tin thj tradng chaa dapc cai ma doanh nghiep cd, chu" 3. Cac DNTM Viet Nam can<br /> quan tam dung mCrc va chiia chaa phai ban cai ma khach cd chinh sach quan tri, dao tao<br /> cd tinh chuyen nghiep. Thieu hang can", ta dd dan tdi tinh va phat tnen nguon nhan life<br /> tinh chuyen nghiep cdn the trang kem hieu q u i trong boat theo hudng chuyen mon hoa.<br /> hien d ngudn nhin lgc chaa ddng kinh doanh va lung tung Mdt tron_g cac diem yeu chi'nh<br /> qua dao tao: Theo hiep hpi khi md cCra thj tradng. Hien cua chudi cCra hang ban le cua<br /> sieu thj Ha Ndi, trong cac sieu cac DNTM Viet Nam dang cd cac DNTM la tfnh chuyen<br /> thj, cCra hang tien lpi, cCra hang dapc the manh ve mang ladi nghiep chga cao va dpi ngu<br /> chuyen doanh cua cac DNTM cac diem ban le phan phdi nhan lgc yeu kem. Vi vay, can<br /> Viet Nam chi cd 4-5% nhan lgc rdng khap va gan bd ve van xay du'ng chaong trinh tuyen<br /> daipc dao tao chuyen nganh, hoa, hieu biet ve tap quan, chpn, huan luyen va nang cao<br /> 60-70% cac sieu thj, cCra hang nhu c i u cua ngadi tieu dung tinh than va trach nhiem lam<br /> chaa sCr dung cdng nghe trong nadc. De tan dung cac viec cho nhan vien. Ben canh<br /> thdng tin vao Unh vgc q u i n ly lpi the nay, DNTM Viet Nam dd, de dap Cmg yeu cau hdi<br /> va khoang 20% don^vj mdi xay c i n coi viec thoa man khach nhap kinh te qudc te, DNTM<br /> dgng Web ddn giin vdi ndi hang la muc tieu va ddng lgc c i n thgc hien mdt loat cac<br /> dung ngheo nan. quan trpng nhat_ dd'i vdi toan chaong trinh dao tao nhan<br /> bd he thdng chudi ban le, phai vien mdi va dao tao lai ddi vdi<br /> ThU nam, Vai trp cua nha<br /> tdn trpng khach hang va coi mpt sd can bd, nhan vien_dang<br /> nadc trong viec td chac va<br /> khach hang la lgc lapng quyet hoat ddng trong chudi he<br /> quan ly he thd'ng phan phd'i<br /> djnh den sg tdn tai va phat thd^ng ban le cua DNTM. Tang<br /> ban le cua Viet Nam cdn nhieu<br /> trien cua minh, dac biet la cadng trao ddi kinh nghiem<br /> ban che do thieu chien Igpc va<br /> trong bd'i canh,canh tranh gay nghiep vu thdng qua viec khio<br /> quy hoach cd sd ha tang de<br /> g i t va binh ding. Mud'n vay, sat, tham gia hdi nghj, lidi t h i o<br /> phat then he thdng phan phdi<br /> cac DNTM can de cao va tuan khoa hpc, chuyen de trong<br /> ban le trong tadng lai. Cham<br /> thu nghiem ngat cac quy djnh nadc cung nha qudc te.<br /> ban hanh hoac cdn thieu cac<br /> ve d a m , b i o ve sinh an toan<br /> chfnh sach va giii phap de 4. DNTM can phat trien va<br /> thgc pham, xuat xCi hang hoa,<br /> phat then phaong thgc kinh nang cao chat lUdng cac hoat<br /> chat lapng s i n pham va ap<br /> doanh ban le hien dai nha: dong dich vu khach hang. Ban<br /> dung chfnh sach chiu trach<br /> sieu thj, cCra hang tien ipi, cCra le la mpt nganh dac thu, vi vay,<br /> nhiem cudi cung ddi vdi hang<br /> hang chuyen doanh, nhapng de lam tiai long khach hang<br /> hoa do doanh nghiep cung<br /> quyen thadng mai... ngoai yeu td san pham chat<br /> cap<br /> Tg nhu'ng van de dat ra tren lapng cao thi djch vu khach<br /> day cho thay he thdng chudi 2. Cac DNTM can xay dung hang cung cd i n h hiidng rat<br /> cCra hang ban le cua DNTM va thuc thi mgt chinh sach gia Idn tdi chat lapng djch vu ban<br /> Viet Nam tuy da cd nhang ket hap ly le cung nha mCrc dp t h o i man<br /> q u i dang mang song con cua khach hang. Trong cac<br /> Tren thgc te, cac DNTM Viet<br /> chCra dgng nhiegyeu td bat dn yeu td tao thanh chat lapng<br /> va rui ro. Thac tiln dang dat ra Nam chaa cd chien lapc gia<br /> theo dung nghTa cua nd, chaa djch vu khach hang, khau<br /> yeu cau phai xay dgng ddng nhan vien phuc vu la yeu td<br /> bp he thdng cac giii phap nhim vao muc tieu tham nhap<br /> thj tradng, phat trien thj tradng quan trpng nhat, nd bao gdm:<br /> khdng chi tg phia cac DNTM sgquan tam cua nhan vien vdi<br /> Viet Nam, ma cdn c i tg phia hay td'i da hoa lpi nhuan. De<br /> phat trien td't he thdng chudi khach hang, dap gng yeu cau<br /> nha nadc nham nang cao nhanh chdng, ca xa ljch sg,<br /> nang lgc canh tranh cho cac ban le cua cac DNTM Viet<br /> Nam, d i m bao hpp ly ve gia nha nhan, tao niem tin, cung<br /> DNTM Viet Nam trong dieu cap dung djch vu, cd kien thCrc<br /> kien dat nadc ngay cang hdi c i va chat lapng liang hoa,<br /> can phii chu y ta gdc, tCrc la tg ve hang hoa cung cap... Vi<br /> nhap sau rdng va toan dien vay, cac DNTM Viet Nam can<br /> vao nen kinh te cac qudc gia ngay khau s i n xuat. Cac<br /> DNTM c i n ky ke't hop ddng giup nhan vien nang cao hieu<br /> trong khu vgc va toan cau. qua lam viec thdng qua viec<br /> bao tieu s i n pham lau dai vdi<br /> III. Mot sd giai phap chu nha,sin xuat, ngadi ndng dan huan luyen dao tao cac ky<br /> yeu phat trien chuoi cufa nang cho nhan vien, td chCrc<br /> de dn dinh ngudn hang. Ngoai<br /> hang ban le cua DNTM Viet hdi t h i o nham giup nhan vien<br /> ra, nen^thgc liien hd trp cho<br /> Nam thdi gian tdi hieu rd ve tam quan trpng cua<br /> ngadi s i n xuat bang each tim<br /> 1. Trong qua tnnh phat trien kiem cac cdng nghe mdi, nang phuc vu khach hang. DNTM<br /> chudi CLfa hang ban le cCia cao nang suit cay trdng va can xay dgng mdt mdi tradng<br /> minh cac DNTM Viet Nam can vat nudi. Cac DNTM Viet Nam kinh doanh thuan ldi va hap<br /> lay dinh hudng khach hang can cd sg lien ket chat che, d i n ma b dd quyen Ipi cua<br /> lam nen tang. cung binh ding, cung cd lpi doanh nghiep va ngadi lao<br /> Thgc te thdi gian qua, nhieu trong trao ddi kinh nghiem, thj ddng gan bd chat che va sCrc<br /> DNTM Viet Nam v i n phat trie'n tradng thu mua, td chgc ngudn sang tao dapc tao dieu kien<br /> kinh doanh theo hadng "ban hang... (Xem tie'p trang 21)<br /> <br /> <br /> 11<br />  DOflNH NGHI6P Vfl PHflT TRI ^9<br /> Junichi Mori (UNIDO, JICA) da cung ciiu vien den phdng van hoac gCfi Truong Hoang, 2008, Overcoming<br /> hdp tac vdi chiing toi trong qua trinh bang hdi tdi 160 doanh nghiep va human skill development challenges<br /> thi/c hien khao sat cac doanh nghiep. nhan dUdc 76 phan hoi hop le, chie'm in Vietnam, Conference on Emer-<br /> tl le 47,5%. gence of Vietnam as a Middle<br /> 2. hoangpt@neu.edu.vn<br /> Tai lieu tham khid: Income Country: Opportunities, Con-<br /> 3. thuy@vdf.org.vn straints and Regional Implications,<br /> 1. Bd Lao ddng, Thifdng binh va<br /> 4. Tuy cac nganh nghe cong Institute of Southeast Asian Studies,<br /> Xa hoi. (MOLISA), 2005, Dieu tra ve<br /> nghiep kha da dang nhung nhom October 2008<br /> SLf phii hdp cua lao dong tre trong thi<br /> nghien cifu tap trung vao hai nhdm 5. Ohno, Kenichi, 2005, Designing<br /> trudng lao ddng. MOLISA.<br /> nganh tren bdi day la cac nganh cong a Comprehensive and Realistic<br /> nghiep tieu bieu, dac trifng, thu hiit 2. Japan External Trade Organiza-<br /> Industrial Strategy, in Kenichi Ohno<br /> nhieu vdn dau tU FDl va la nganh tion (JETRO), 2003- 2008, Japanese<br /> and Nguyen Van Thuong (eds.)<br /> nhieu tiem nSng phat trien tai Viet Affiliated Manufacturer in Asia. Truy<br /> Improving Industrial Policy Formula-<br /> Nam. cap tai trang web ciia JETRO<br /> tion, The Publishing House of Politi-<br /> vw/w.jetro.go.jp.<br /> 5. Danh sach cac doanh nghiep cal Theory, pp. 1-28.<br /> dLfdc tap hdp dtfa tren danh sach 3. Mori, Junichi., Pham Truong<br /> 6. Pham, Truong Hoang, 2007,<br /> dieu tra hau het cac doanh nghiep Hoang, Nguyen Thi Xuan Thuy, Effects of Supply Systems of Firms'<br /> Viet Nam do JICA tien thanh nSm 2009, Quality of technical and voca- Capabilities Building in New Emerg-<br /> 2005 cd dieu chinh va cap nhat thdng tional education and training; Percep- ing Economies: the Case of Viet-<br /> tin thdng qua cd sd dCf lieu cua JICA, tions of Enterprises in Hanoi and sur- nam's Motorcycle Industry, PhD Dis-<br /> UNIDO, VDF, cung nhU trUc tiep cac rounding provinces. Mimeo. sertation, Yokohama National Uni-<br /> chuyen gia nghien cifu. Cac nghien 4. Ton, Nu Thi Ninh, Pham, versity.<br /> <br /> <br /> (Tie'p theo trang 11)<br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN CHUdi CJJfA HANG BAN LE CUA DOANH NGHIEP...<br /> phat huy. Khi do, cac nhan 6. Nha nudc can xay dung tri va khoing each cac diem<br /> vien het Idng tan tam, yeu chien lUdc, quy hoach va ke ban le den mCrc dp cdng<br /> nghe va phan da'u het minh vi hoach phat trien chudi he nghiep hoa, dd thj hoa, thu<br /> muc tieu chung cua doanh thong ban le trong toan bo nen<br /> kinh te qud'c dan. nhap binh quan dau ngadi,<br /> nghiep.<br /> Cho den nay, Viet Nam van thdi quen mua s a m . . . n<br /> 5. Nha nudc can xay dung<br /> va hoan thien mdi trudng phap chaa cd quy hoach tdn_g the<br /> ly dieu chinh hoat ddng cua phat trien he thdng chudi ban<br /> ie cho cac DNTM trong pham Tai lieu tham khad:<br /> chuoi he thd'ng ban le. Can<br /> khan tradng ra soat, dieu vi c i nadc. Vi vay, can, phii 1. "Phat trien he thdng phan phdi<br /> chinh ya bd sung, hoan thien daa quy hoach phat trien he ban le ciia Ha Ndi trong dieu kien Viet<br /> he thd'ng cac chinh sach ddi thd'ng chudi ban le cua cac<br /> Nam la thanh vien ciia to' chifc<br /> DNTM vao quy hoach phat<br /> vdi thaong nhan va dai ly cho thLfdng mai the gidi (WTO)" De tai<br /> trien kinh te thaong mai chung<br /> phu hop vdi cac quy djnh cua,<br /> cua tinh hay khu vgc. Coi^cdng NCKH cap Bd (2007), PGS.TS. Phan<br /> WTO. Xuc tien ra soat, bd tac quy ho_ach phat then he Td Uyen.<br /> sung va xay dgng mdi cac thd'ng chudi ban le la djnh<br /> chi'nh sach ve thj tradng, mat hadng chien lapc trong phat 2. "Sieu thi phLfdng thifc kinh<br /> hang va cac chinh sach khac trien thj tradng trdng nadc. Tap doanh ban le hien dai d Viet Nam",<br /> cd lien quan theo hadng tao trung phat trien trung tam NXB Lao ddng- xa hoi (2006), TS<br /> lap daoc mdt dinh che phap ly thaong mai, sieu thj tai cac Nguyen Thi Nhieu.<br /> de quan ly ddng bd, thdng thanh phd ldn, khu viic kinh te<br /> nhat va thdng sudt tu" q u i n ly Idn hay vung dan catap trung, 3. Kinh te 2009- 2010 Viet Nam va<br /> s i n xuat, den phan phd'i va he thd'ng cac cCra hang tien the gidi (2010) ciia Thdi bao kinh te<br /> tieu dung theo tang nganh ich, tg chpn hay cura hang Viet Nam.<br /> hang cu the, nhat la dpi vdi chuyen doinh dapc xay dgng<br /> mpt sd mat hang thiet yeu va d khu dan caddng due, nhung 4. "He thdng phan phd'i hang tieu<br /> dga vao thgc thi mot dao luat dieu kien ve mat bing kinh diing ciia mot sd tap doan thLfdng<br /> ve kinh doanh ban le d Viet doanh nhd, heJD. Viec quy mai ciia Viet Nam" (2009) luan van<br /> Nam nham tao dieu kien thuan hoach he thd'ng ban le can<br /> phii dapc xay dgng tren cd sd cao hoc ciia Vu Thj Thang.<br /> lpi cho cac DNTM Viet Nam<br /> chu ddng nang cao sCrc canh djnh mCrc va cac tieu chua'n ky 5. Thdi bao Kinh te Viet Nam sd:<br /> tranh cua minh. thuat cu the tg viec xac dinh vi<br /> 156, 170, 210 (2010) va so 14 (2011)<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 21<br />