Bài giảng Cổ sinh vật học - Chương 11: Ngành Hemichordata

VERTEBRATA<br /> <br /> NGÀNH<br /> HEMICHORDATA<br /> Phụ ngành<br /> Stomochodata<br /> (Dây sống miệng)<br /> <br /> Phụ ngành<br /> Graptolithina<br /> (Bút đá)<br /> <br /> Một số hoá thạch Graptolite<br /> <br /> Các dạng Graptolite<br /> 1, Diptograptus, young sicula. 2, Monograptus dubius,<br /> sicula and first serial theca (partly restored). 3, Young<br /> form (all above after Wiman). 4a, Older form. 4b, Showing<br /> virgula (after Holm). 5, Rastrites distans. 6, Base of<br /> Diptograptus (after Wiman). 7, D. calcaratus. 8,<br /> Dimorphograptus. 9, Base of Didymograptus minulus<br /> (after Holm). 10, Young Dictyograptus, with primary disk.<br /> 11, Ibid. Diptograptus (after Ruedemann). 12 a-b, Base<br /> and transverse section, Retiolites Geinitzianus (after<br /> Holm). 13, Bryograptus Kjerulfi. 14, Dichograptus<br /> octobrachiatus, with central disk. 15, Didymograptus<br /> Murchisoni. 16, D. gibberulus. 17 a-b, Phyllograptus and<br /> transverse section. 18, Nemagraptus gracilis. 19,<br /> Dicranograptus ramosus. 20, Climacograptus<br /> Scharenbergi.<br /> 21, Glossograptus Hincksii. 22, Lasiograptus costatus<br /> (after Elles and Wood). 23, Dictyonema (-graptus)<br /> flabelliforme (-is). 24, Dictyonema (-dendron) peltatum<br /> with base of attachment. 25, D. cervicorne, branches<br /> (after Holm). 26, D. rarum (section after Wiman). 27,<br /> Dendrograptus Hallianus. 28, Synrhabdosome of<br /> Diptograptus (after Ruedemann). S, Sicula. u, Upper or<br /> apical portion. l, Lower or apertural. m, Mouth. N, Nema.<br /> nn, Nemacaulus or virgular tube. V, Virgula. vv, Virgella.<br /> zz, Septal strands. T, Theca. C, Common canal (in<br /> Retiolites). G, Gonangium. g, Gonotheca. b, Budding<br /> theca.<br /> <br /> Giai đoạn tồn tại cùa Graptolite<br /> <br />