Tài liệu Từ Vựng và ngữ pháp tiếng anh 10

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Tài liệu giảng dạy về tiếng anh đã được giảng dạy với mục đích cung cấp cho sinh viên những kiến thức cơ bản nhất, có tính hệ thống liên quan tới tiếng anh. Thông qua tài liệu này giúp các bạn hệ thống lại kiến thức. Chúc các bạn thành công

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Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC A DAY IN THE LIFE OF … UNIT 1: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING crop (n) muøa vuï plot of land (n) maûnh ñaát nhoû fellow (n) baïn take a rest (v) nghæ ngôi peasant (n) (=farmer) noâng daân transplant (v) caáy B. SPEAKING biology (n) sinh hoïc literature (n) vaên hoïc chemistry (n) hoaù hoïc maths (n) toaùn hoïc civic education (n) giaùo duïc CD physical education (n) theå duïc class meeting (n) sinh hoaït lôùp physics (n) vaät lyù geography (n) ñaïi lyù tenth-grade student (n) HS lôùp 10 history (n) lòch söû timetable (n) thôøi khoaù bieåu information technology(n) CN TT C. LISTENING cyclo (n) xe xích-loâ park (v) ñaäu xe district (n) quaän passenger (n) haønh khaùch drop (v) ñeå (ai) xuoáng xe pedal (v/n) ñaïp/baøn ñaïp food stall (n) quaày thöïc phaåm (xe ñaïp) immediately (adv) ngay laäp töùc purchase (n) vaät/haøng hoaù occupation (n) ngheà nghieäp mua ñöôïc D. WRITING choke (v) ngheït thôû (khoùi) overjoyed (adj) vui möøng cough (v) ho khoân xieát crowded (adj) ñoâng ñuùc relieved (adj) bôùt caêng thaúng dip (v) lao xuoáng scream in panic la, heùt trong discotheque (n) vuõ tröôøng hoát hoaûng fire exit (n) loái thoaùt hieåm seaside (n) bôø bieån gain height taêng ñoä cao serve (v) phuïc vuï in danger trong tình traïng shake (v) rung, laéc nguy hieåm suddenly (adv) ñoät nhieân land safely haï caùnh an toaøn E. LANGUAGE FOCUS as soon as (conj) ngay khi camp fire (n) löûa traïi bean (n) haït ñaäu creep into (v) boø vaøo 1 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC flow (v) (nöôùc) chaûy stream (n) doøng suoái instead of (prep) thay vì tent (n) caùi leàu leap out of (v) nhaûy ra khoûi waste of time (n) söï laõng phí pea (n) haït ñaäu Haø Lan thôøi gian put out (v) daëp taét wind (its way) (v) löôïn, uoán put up (v) döïng leân (doøng chaûy) realise (v) nhaän ra GRAMMAR ☺ 1. The present simple a. Caùch thaønh laäp - Caâu khaúng ñònh S + V(s/es); S + am/is/are - Caâu phuû ñònh S + do/does + not + V; S + am/is/are + not - Caâu hoûi Do/Does + S + V?; Am/Is/Are + S? b. Caùch duøng chính Thì hieän taïi ñôn ñöôïc duøng ñeå dieãn taû: - Moät thoùi quen, moät haønh ñoäng ñöôïc laëp ñi laëp laïi thöôøng xuyeân. Trong caâu thöôøng coù caùc traïng töø: always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, rarely, every day/week/month … Ex: Mary often gets up early in the morning. - Moät söï thaät luùc naøo cuõng ñuùng, moät chaân lyù. Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 2. Adverbs of frequency always (luoân luoân), usually (thöôøng thöôøng), sometimes/occasionally (thænh thoaûng, ñoâi khi), often (thöôøng), normally (thoâng thöôøng), as a rule (nhö thöôøng leä), never (khoâng bao giôø) Traïng töø chæ söï thöôøng xuyeân ñöùng TRÖÔÙC ñoäng töø thöôøng, SAU “to be”. Ex: He usually goes to bed at 10 p.m. He is often late for class. * Löu yù: As a rule ñöùng CUOÁI caâu. 3. The past simple a. Caùch thaønh laäp - Caâu khaúng ñònh S + V2/ed; S + was/were - Caâu phuû ñònh S + did + not + V; S + was/were + not - Caâu hoûi Did + S + V?; Was/Were + S? b. Caùch duøng chính 2 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC Thì QKÑ duøng ñeå dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra vaø hoaøn taát trong quaù khöù vôùi thôøi gian ñöôïc xaùc ñònh roõ. Caùc traïng töø thöôøng ñi keøm: yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in the past, in 1990, … Ex: Uncle Ho passed away in 1969. * Löu yù: Xem laïi ñoäng töø baát qui taéc! SCHOOL TALKS UNIT 2: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING attitude (n) thaùi ñoä opinion (n) yù kieán flat (n) caên hoä safety (n) söï an toaøn household task (n) coâng vieäc nhaø traffic (n) giao thoâng mall (n) khu buoân baùn worry (v) lo laéng narrow (adj) heïp B. SPEAKING awful (a) khuûng khieáp headache (n) ñau ñaàu backache (n) ñau löng toothache (n) ñau raêng conversation (n) cuoäc hoäi thoaïi C. LISTENING alone (adv) moät mình go for a swim ñi bôi comfortable (adj) thoaûi maùi plan (v) döï ñònh enjoy yourself thích stay (v) ôû laïi D. WRITING block capital (n) chöõ in hoa form (n) maãu employee (n) ngöôøi lao ñoäng male (adj) (thuoäc) phaùi employer (n) ngöôøi sd lñoäng nam enrolment form (n) maãu ghi danh provide (v) cung caáp female (adj) (thuoäc) phaùi nöõ somewhere (adv) nôi naøo ñoù fill in (v) ñieàn vaøo E. LANGUAGE FOCUS as a result keát quaû laø in a hurry voäi vaõ cousin (n) anh/chò/em hoï look for (v) tìm kieám guy (n) anh chaøng, gaõ marvellous (adj) kyø dieäu (tieáng loùng) memory (n) trí nhôù improve (v) caûi thieän nervous (adj) hoài hoäp 3 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC pay attention to chuù yù ñeán situation (n) tình huoáng post (v) gôûi thö target (n) muïc tieâu relaxing (adj) thö giaõn threaten (v) ñe doaï star (n) ngoâi sao GRAMMAR ☺ 1. Wh- questions - Caùc töø ñeå hoûi: who, whom, what, which, where, when, why, how (old/long/far/fast/many/much…) - Vôùi ñoäng töø “to be”: Wh- + be + S (+ …)? Ex: What is the time? – It’s 7. - Vôùi ñoäng töø khieám khuyeát: Wh- + KK + S + V (+ …)? * Ñoäng töø khieám khuyeát: can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, ought to Ex: How many languages can you speak? – 3. - Vôùi ñoäng töø thöôøng: Wh- + do/does/did + S + V (+ …)? Ex: Where did you go yesterday? – I went to the bookstore. 2. Gerund and to + infinitive a. Gerund (V-ing) - Sau giôùi töø ta duøng V-ing. - Sau nhöõng ñoäng töø/cuïm töø nhö: avoid (traùnh), have trouble (gaëp khoù khaên), practise (thöïc haønh), consider (xem xeùt, tính ñeán), miss (nhôù/boû lôõ), enjoy (thích, thöôûng thöùc), mind (phieàn), suggest (ñeà nghò), go on (tieáp tuïc), prefer … to (thích hôn), keep (giöõ), like (thích), feel like (caûm giaùc nhö), stop (döøng), it’s no use (khoâng lôïi ích gì), … b. V + to V expect (kyø voïng, troâng ñôïi), plan (döï ñònh), decide (quyeát ñònh), hope (hi voïng), threaten (ñe doaï), agree (ñoàng yù), promise (höùa), forget (queân), try (coá gaéng), like (muoán), … * Löu yù: - stop + V-ing: döøng haønh ñoäng stop + to V: döøng laïi ñeå laøm ñang laøm vieäc khaùc Stop making noise, please! She stopped to talk to him. - try + V-ing: thöû laøm vieäc gì try + to V: coá gaéng laøm vieäc gì He tries writing with his left hand. We try to get high marks. 4 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC PEOPLE’S BACKGROUND UNIT 3: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING atomic weight (n) troïng löôïng institute (n) hoïc vieän nguyeân töû joy (n) nieàm vui award (v) trao giaûi thöôûng obtain (v) ñaït ñöôïc brilliant (adj) thoâng minh, position (n) vò trí saùng daï PhD baèng tieán só degree (n) vaên baèng (do private tutor (n) gia sö tröôøng ÑH caáp) professor (n) giaùo sö ease (v) xoa dòu ñi radium (n) rañi founding (n) vieäc thaønh laäp receive (v) nhaän from then on keå töø ñoù research (n) nghieân cöùu general education (n) giaùo duïc specialisation (n) söï chuyeân phoå thoâng moân hoaù human suffering (n) noãi ñau nhaân loaïi take up (v) tieáp tuïc in spite of (prep) maëc duø(=despite) (vieäc boû dôû) B. SPEAKING appearance (n) veû beà ngoaøi primary school (n) tröôøng tieåu experience (n) kinh nghieäm hoïc interview (v) phoûng vaán secondary school (n) tröôøng THCS journalist (n) phoùng vieân C. LISTENING champion (n) nhaø voâ ñòch join (v) gia nhaäp congratulations (inter) xin chuùc möøng sports teacher (n) GV theå duïc D. WRITING attend (v) tham döï travel agency (n) vaên phoøng pass (v) (thi) ñaäu du lòch tourist guide (n) höôùng daãn vieân work as (v) laøm vieäc du lòch nhö laø telephonist (n) nhaân vieân ñ.thoaïi E. LANGUAGE FOCUS angry (adj) giaän dry (adj) khoâ carpet (n) taám thaûm manage (v) xoay sôû drop (v) laøm rôùt mat (n) caùi chieáu 5 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC mess (n) söï loän xoän torch (n) ñeøn pin pan (n) caùi chaûo turn off (v) taét (#turn on) parrot (n) con veït vase (n) loï, chaäu sand (n) caùt voice (n) gioïng noùi thief (n) teân troäm GRAMMAR ☺ 1. The past perfect a. Caùch thaønh laäp - Caâu khaúng ñònh S + had + V3/ed - Caâu phuû ñònh S + had+ not + V3/ed - Caâu hoûi Had + S + V3/ed? b. Caùch duøng chính Thì QKHT duøng ñeå dieãn taû: - Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra vaø hoaøn taát tröôùc moät thôøi ñieåm hoaëc moät haønh ñoäng khaùc trong quaù khöù. Ex: We had had dinner before eight o’clock last night. Lucie had learned English before she came to England. - Moät haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra nhöng chöa hoaøn thaønh, tính ñeán moät thôøi ñieåm naøo ñoù trong quaù khöù. Ex: By the time I left that school, I had taught there for ten years. (Tôùi luùc toâi rôøi ngoâi tröôøng aáy, toâi ñaõ daïy ñöôïc 10 naêm.) 2. The past perfect vs. the past simple Ñeå dieãn taû hai haønh ñoäng xaûy ra tröôùc sau trong quaù khöù, ta duøng HAD + V3/ed cho haønh ñoäng tröôùc, V2/ed cho haønh ñoäng sau. Ex: After Nam had finished his homework, he went to bed. (Sau khi Nam hoaøn thaønh baøi taäp veà nhaø, anh aáy ñi nguû.) 6 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC SPECIAL EDUCATION UNIT 4: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING admiring (adj) ngöôõng moä kid (n) treû con Braille (n) chöõ Bray(chöõ noåi one by one laàn löôït cho ngöôøi muø) prevent … from (v) caûn trôû chance (n) cô hoäi proud of (adj) töï haøo veà describe (v) moâ taû prove (v) chöùng minh effort (n) noå löïc humorous suspicious (adj) nghi ngôø (adj) haøi höôùc thanks to (prep) nhôø vaøo infer (v) suy ra B. SPEAKING activity (n) hoaït ñoäng to be honest (exp) thaønh thaät break (n) giôø giaûi lao maø noùi class (n) tieát hoïc C. LISTENING beauty (n) veû ñeïp peaceful (adj) hoaø bình calm … down (v) traán tónh (ai ñoù) photograph (n) böùc aûnh camera (n) maùy aûnh (=photo) comprise (v) goàm coù photographer (n) nhaø nhieáp disability (n) khuyeát taät aûnh escape (v) thoaùt khoûi photographic (adj) (thuoäc) nhieáp exhibit (v) trieån laõm aûnh fascinate (v) cuoán huùt simple (adj) ñôn giaûn feature (v) laøm noåi baät leân subject (n) chuû ñeà labourer (n) ngöôøi lao ñoäng surroundings (n) vuøng xung mute (adj) caâm quanh on display ñöôïc tröng baøy wander (v) ñi lang thang D. WRITING advertisement (n) muïc quaûng caùo enclose (v) gôûi keøm air-conditioned (adj) ñöôïc trang bò look forward to (v) mong ñôïi maùy laïnh quality (n) chaát löôïng complaint (n) söï phaøn naøn receipt (n) bieân lai contact (v) lieân laïc refund (n) söï traû laïi tieàn 7 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC resolution (n) caùch giaûi resolve (v) giaûi quyeát quyeát service (n) söï phuïc vuï E. LANGUAGE FOCUS ambulance (n) xe cöùu thöông put … up (v) cho (ai) troï delay (v) hoaõn laïi rarely (adv) hieám khi give up (v) töø boû rob (v) cöôùp injured (adj) bò thöông scene (n) hieän tröôøng offer (v) toû yù muoán unemployed (adj) thaát nghieäp GRAMMAR ☺ 1. The + adjective Duøng ñeå chæ moät nhoùm ngöôøi. the injured (ngöôøi bò thöông), the poor (ngöôøi ngheøo), the rich (ngöôøi giaøu), the sick (ngöôøi beänh), the unemployed (ngöôøi thaát nghieäp), the young (ngöôøi treû tuoåi), the disabled (ngöôøi khuyeát taät), the blind (ngöôøi khieám thò), the dead (ngöôøi cheát), … Ex: The rich should help the poor. 2. Used to + infinitive (ñaõ töøng/thöôøng) Dieãn taû thoùi quen trong quaù khöù, ñaõ chaám döùt ôû hieän taïi. Ex: His father used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day. Now he gives up smoking. (Cha cuûa anh aáy töøng huùt 20 ñieáu thuoác moät ngaøy. Baây giôø baùc aáy ñaõ boû thuoác roài.) 3. Which as a connector Duøng ñeå thay theá moät meänh ñeà ñöôïc noùi tröôùc ñoù. Ex: Sheila couldn’t come to the party, which was a pity. (Sheila khoâng theå ñeán döï tieäc, ñoù laø ñieàu ñaùng tieác.) 8 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC TECHNOLOGY AND YOU UNIT 5: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING accuracy (n) söï chính xaùc interact (v) keát noái calculate (v) tính toaùn magical (adj) kyø dieäu calculation (n) pheùp tính memo (n) baûn ghi nhôù capable (adj) coù khaû naêng relax (v) thö giaõn daily life (n) cuoäc soáng request for leave (n) ñôn xin haøng ngaøy nghæ pheùp data (n) döõ lieäu speaker (n) loa device (n) thieát bò,duïng cuï storage (n) söï löu tröõ electronic (adj) ñieän töû typewriter (n) maùy ñaùnh chöõ entertainment (n) giaûi trí B. SPEAKING air conditioner (n) maùy laïnh participant (n) ngöôøi tham döï amount (n) soá löôïng process (v) xöû lyù (döõ lieäu) cell phone (n) ÑT di ñoäng store (v) löu tröõ fax machine (n) maùy fax transmit (v) truyeàn, phaùt long distance meeting(n)cuoäc hoïp töø xa C. LISTENING make an excuse ngoû lôøi xin loãi shy (adj) maéc côõ, ngaïi refuse (v) töø choái since then (adv) keå töø ñoù secretary (n) thö kyù still (adv) vaãn coøn D. WRITING adjust (v) ñieàu chænh phone card (n) theû ñieän thoaïi connector (n) töø keát noái pip (n) tieáng píp (ÑT) instruction (n) höôùng daãn plug in (v) caém ñieän vaøo lift (v) nhaác leân public telephone (n) ÑT coâng coäng make a call thöïc hieän receiver (n) oáng nghe (ÑT) cuoäc goïi remote control (n) maùy ñieàu make sure (v) ñaûm baûo khieån töø xa operate (v) ñieàu khieån slot (n) raõnh, khe E. LANGUAGE FOCUS destroy (v) tieâu huyû earthquake (n) traän ñoäng ñaát dry (v) laøm khoâ forest fire (n) chaùy röøng 9 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC fridge (n) tuû laïnh patient (n) beänh nhaân in the West ôû phöông Taây satellite (n) veä tinh ink (n) möïc save (v) cöùu soáng instrument (n) duïng cuï show (v) trình chieáu, lay/laid/laid (v) ñaët, ñeå chæ, höôùng daãn look after (v) chaêm soùc spill (v) traøn, chaûy ra man-made (adj) nhaân taïo towel (n) khaên lau GRAMMAR ☺ 1. The present perfect a. Caùch thaønh laäp - Caâu khaúng ñònh S + have/has+ V3/ed - Caâu phuû ñònh S + have/has + not + V3/ed - Caâu hoûi Have/Has + S + V3/ed? b. Caùch duøng chính (xem theâm Unit 7) Thì HTHT duøng ñeå dieãn taû: - Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù khoâng xaùc ñònh roõ thôøi ñieåm. Ex: Have you had breakfast? – No, I haven’t. 2. The present perfect passive a. Chuû ñoäng (Active) (xem caùch thaønh laäp thì HTHT.) b. Bò ñoäng (Passive) - Caâu khaúng ñònh S + have/has + been + V3/ed - Caâu phuû ñònh S + have/has + not + been + V3/ed - Caâu hoûi Have/Has + S + been + V3/ed? Ex: (A) They have built a new bridge across the river. (P) A new bridge has been built across the river. * Löu yù: - Caâu bò ñoäng thì HTHT luoân coù BEEN + V3/ed! 3. Who, which, that DANH TÖØ CHUÛ TÖØ TUÙC TÖØ Ngöôøi WHO/THAT WHO(M)/THAT Vaät/Ñ.vaät WHICH/THAT WHICH/THAT Ex: - The woman who/that is standing over there is my sister. - I know the boy who(m)/that you met yesterday. - She works for a company which/that produces cars. 10 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC AN EXCURSION UNIT 6: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING anxious (adj) lo laéng permission (n) söï cho pheùp bank (n) bôø soâng persuade (v) thuyeát phuïc cave (n) hang ñoäng rock (n) ñaù come to an end saép keát thuùc share … with (v) chia …vôùi complain (v) phaøn naøn stay the night ôû qua ñeâm day off (n) ngaøy nghæ sunshine (n) aùnh naéng excursion (n) chuyeán ñi chôi suppose (v) nghó raèng formation (n) söï taïo thaønh term (n) hoïc kyø impossible (adj) khoâng theå trip (n) chuyeán du lòch inform (v) baùo tin waterfall (n) thaùc nöôùc occasion (n) dòp B. SPEAKING fresh air (n) khoâng khí sundeck (n) boong taøu cao trong laønh nhaát suffer from (v) chòu ñöïng, bò take photographs chuïp hình sunburnt (adj) saïm naéng travel sickness (n) say soùng C. LISTENING Botanical Garden (n) thaûo caàm vieân on time ñuùng giôø dance (v) nhaûy muùa pack up (v) thu doïn glorious (adj) heát söùc thuù vò pay a visit to (=visit) vieáng thaêm grassland (n) ñoàng/baõi coû sleep soundly nguû ngon laugh (v) cöôøi spacious (adj) roäng raõi merrily (adv) vui veû D. WRITING accept (v) chaáp nhaän fortunately (adv) may thay agree (v) ñoàng yù mango (n) xoaøi as soon as possible caøng sôùm pick … up (v) ñoùn (ai) caøng toát request (n) lôøi ñeà nghò, bunch of banana (n) naûi chuoái yeâu caàu confirmation (n) söï xaùc nhaän suggest (v) ñeà nghò convenient (adj) tieän lôïi wildlife (n) ÑV hoang daõ E. LANGUAGE FOCUS 11 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC cloud (n) maây play (n) vôû kòch cloudy (adj) coù nhieàu maây take it along mang noù theo dirty (adj) baån windy (adj) coù nhieàu gioù get married (v) keát hoân latter (n) vaät/ngöôøi ñöôïc ñeà caäp sau GRAMMAR ☺ 1. The present progressive (with a future meaning) a. Caùch thaønh laäp - Caâu khaúng ñònh S + am/is/are + V-ing - Caâu phuû ñònh S + am/is/are + not + V-ing - Caâu hoûi Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing? b. Caùch duøng chính Thì HTTD (vôùi nghóa töông lai) duøng ñeå: Noùi veà moät haønh ñoäng töông lai ñaõ coù KEÁ HOAÏCH thöïc hieän. Ex: The first term is coming to an end soon. 2. be going to - Dieãn taû moät döï ñònh (chöa coù keá hoaïch). Ex: I have saved some money. I’m going to buy a new computer. - Dieãn taû moät döï ñoaùn coù caên cöù. Ex: Look at those clouds. It is going to rain. * Löu yù: will/shall KHOÂNG duøng vôùi nhöõng yù nghóa treân cuûa thì HTTD vaø be going to. 12 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC THE MASS MEDIA UNIT 7: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING channel (n) keânh truyeàn hình forecast (n) döï baùo comedy (n) haøi kòch,phim haøi funny (adj) vui, haøi höôùc comment (n) bình luaän news headlines (n) ñieåm tin documentary (n) phim taøi lieäu people’s army (n) quaân ñoäi drama (n) vôû kòch nhaân daân drawing (n) böùc veõ portrait of life (n) chaân dung ending (n) keát cuïc, keát thuùc cuoäc soáng fact (n) söï thaät recommend (v) giôùi thieäu folk song (n) daân ca series (n) moät chuoãi/loaït B. SPEAKING deliver (v) cung caáp in common chung distinctive (adj) noåi baät present (v) trình baøy feature (n) ñieåm ñaëc tröng C. LISTENING cause (v) gaây ra mountain (n) nuùi climb (v) leo, treøo old age (n) tuoåi giaø flood (n) luõ, luït rise/rose/risen (v) daâng leân healthy (adj) khoeû maïnh top (n) ñænh leave/left/left (v) rôøi boû wind (n) gioù D. WRITING advantage (n) thuaän lôïi entertain (n) laøm (ai) vui aware (adj) yù thöùc global (adj) toaøn caàu brain (n) boä oùc, naõo increase (v) laøm taêng disadvantage (n) baát lôïi memorable (adj) deã nhôù effective (adj) hieäu quaû popularity (n) tính phoå bieán encourage (v) khuyeán khích responsibility (n) traùch nhieäm enjoyable (adj) thuù vò violent (adj) baïo löïc E. LANGUAGE FOCUS appointment (n) cuoäc heïn China town (n) phoá ngöôøi Hoa bad condition (n) tình traïng council (n) hoäi ñoàng xuoáng caáp demolish (v) phaù huyû cancel (v) huyû boû live on (v) soáng nhôø vaøo 13 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC mistake (n) loãi shorts (n) quaàn soùoc quarrel (v) caõi nhau type (v) ñaùnh maùy GRAMMAR ☺ 1. The present perfect a. Caùch thaønh laäp (xem Unit 5) b. Caùch duøng chính (xem theâm Unit 5) - Moät haønh ñoäng xaûy ra trong quaù khöù, coøn keùo daøi ñeán hieän taïi. Ex: My friend Nam has lived in HCMC since 1998. We have learned English for 7 years. - Moät haønh ñoäng vöøa môùi xaûy ra. Ex: I have just finished my homework. * Löu yù: - SINCE: chæ moác thôøi gian (2000, September, I last saw you, …) - FOR: chæ khoaûng thôøi gian (3 months, a long time, ages, …) - Caùc traïng töø thöôøng duøng: just (vöøa môùi), recently/lately (gaàn ñaây), ever (ñaõ töøng), never (chöa bao giôø), yet (chöa), already (roài), since (töø khi), for (khoaûng). * Phaân bieät vôùi thì quaù khöù ñôn (Past simple): + Caùch thaønh laäp - Caâu khaúng ñònh S + V2/ed - Caâu phuû ñònh S + did + not + V - Caâu hoûi Did + S + V? + Caùch duøng chính: Thì QKÑ duøng ñeå dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra vaø hoaøn taát trong quaù khöù vôùi thôøi gian ñöôïc XAÙC ÑÒNH roõ. Caùc traïng töø thöôøng ñi keøm: yesterday, ago, last week/month/year, in the past, in 1990, … Ex: Uncle Ho passed away in 1969. 2. Because of and in spite of - Because of (bôûi vì) + N/N phrase Ex: Because of my sickness, I couldn’t go to school yesterday. (Bôûi vì beänh neân hoâm qua toâi khoâng theå ñi hoïc.) ---> Nguyeân nhaân – keát quaû - In spite of (maëc duø) + N/N phrase Ex: In spite of her old age, the woman tries to climb the mountain. (Maëc duø tuoåi giaø nhöng baø vaãn coá gaéng leo nuùi.) ---> Söï töông phaûn 14 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC THE STORY OF MY VILLAGE UNIT 8: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING (pages 82-84) all day caû ngaøy knowledge (n) kieán thöùc author (n) taùc giaû lifestyle (n) loái soáng change (v) thay ñoåi make ends meet vöøa ñuû soáng community (n) coäng ñoàng meet (v) ñaùp öùng effect (n) hieäu quaû method (n) phöông phaùp export (n) xuaát khaåu result in (v) mang laïi hardly (adv) haàu nhö khoâng technical (adj) kyõ thuaät B. SPEAKING (page 85) canal (n) con keânh raise (v) naâng leân cart (v) chôû baèng xe boø resurface (v) traûi laïi get around (v) ñi ñaây ñoù, ñi laïi (maët ñöôøng) medical centre (n) trung taâm y teá widen (v) môû roäng product (n) saûn phaåm C. LISTENING (pages 86-87) atmosphere (n) baàu khoâng khí pull down (v) phaù saäp coast (n) bôø bieån replace (v) thay theá cut down (v) ñoán (caây) resort (n) khu nghæ maùt department store (n) cöûa haøng baùch hoaù suburb (n) ngoaïi oâ D. WRITING (pages 87-88) ahead (adv) phía tröôùc keep walking ñi tieáp direction (n) höôùng daãn map (n) baûn ñoà follow (v) theo, ñi theo railway station (n) traïm xe löûa go over ñi qua (caàu) walk past ñi ngang qua keep on ñi tieáp E. LANGUAGE FOCUS (pages 88-90) announce (v) thoâng baùo cure (v) chöõa beänh at least ít nhaát disease (n) caên beänh bone (n) xöông medicine (n) ngaønh y coat (n) aùo khoaùt put on (v) maëc vaøo crazy (adj) ñieân roà slippery (adj) trôn trôït 15 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC GRAMMAR ☺ 1. Reported speech: Statements - Ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät thöôøng gaëp: said, told, thought, announced - Khi ñoåi caâu tröïc tieáp (Statement) sang giaùn tieáp, ta ñoåi BA yeáu toá laø ngoâi, thì cuûa ñoäng töø vaø traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán. a. Ngoâi: - Ñoåi ngoâi thöù NHAÁT phuø hôïp vôùi CHUÛ TÖØ trong meänh ñeà chính - Ñoåi ngoâi thöù HAI phuø hôïp vôùi TUÙC TÖØ trong meänh ñeà chính - Ngoâi thöù BA khoâng ñoåi Ex: He said to me, “I and you will go with her father.” ---> He told me (that) he and I would go with her father. b. Thì cuûa ñoäng töø: ---> V2/ed ---> should V1 shall ---> had + V3/ed ---> might V2/ed may ---> could ---> had to can must ---> would will c. Traïng töø chæ thôøi gian vaø nôi choán: ---> that day next week ---> the week after today ---> that night tomorrow ---> the day after tonight ---> then ---> that now this ---> before ---> those ago these yesterday ---> the day before ---> there here last week ---> the week before Ex: She said to me, “I met your brother yesterday.” ---> She told me that she had met my brother the day before. 2. Conditional sentence type 1 Dieãn taû ñieàu kieän COÙ THEÅ XAÛY RA ôû hieän taïi hoaëc töông lai. Ex: If it rains heavily, I will stay at home. * Löu yù: Phaân bieät caùch söû duïng giöõa WHEN vaø IF. - Duøng WHEN khi haønh ñoäng CHAÉC CHAÉN xaûy ra. Ex: When I’m hungry, I’ll find something to eat. - Duøng IF khi haønh ñoäng COÙ KHAÛ NAÊNG xaûy ra. Ex: If I have two tickets, I’ll invite her to the cinema. 16 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC UNDERSEA WORLD UNIT 9: VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING analyse (v) phaân tích maintain (v) duy trì at stake (exp) bò ñe doïa major (adj) chính yeáu balanced (adj) caân baèng marine (adj) (thuoäc) bieån bay (n) vònh mysterious (adj) bí aån beneath (prep) beân döôùi mystery (n) ñieàu bí aån biodiversity (n) ña daïng organism (n) sinh vaät sinh hoïc overcome (v) vöôït qua bottom (n) ñaùy (bieån) oversized (adj) quaù côõ challenge (v/n) (söï)thöû thaùch part (n) phaàn cover (v) bao phuû percentage (n) tæ leä current (n) doøng chaûy phaàn traêm depth (n) ñoä saâu precious (adj) quyù, hieám device (n) thieát bò provide (v) cung caáp discovery (n) khaùm phaù sample (n) maãu vaät divide (v) chia satellite (n) veä tinh exist (v) toàn taïi seabed (n) ñaùy bieån experiment (n) thí nghieäm starfish (n) sao bieån extremely (adv) cöïc kyø, raát submarine (n) taøu ngaàm fall into (v) chia thaønh surface (n) beà maët form (v) hình thaønh surround (v) bao quanh gulf (n) vònh temperature (n) nhieät ñoä huge (adj) to lôùn term (n) thuaät ngöõ investigate (v) thaùm hieåm three-quarters (n) ba phaàn tö jellyfish (n) con söùa tiny (adj) raát nhoû lie (v) naèm unless (adv) tröø phi live on (v) soáng nhôø vaøo wide range (n) löôïng lôùn B. SPEAKING butt (n) maåu thuoác laù endanger (v) gaây nguy (coøn laïi) hieåm consequence (n) haäu quaû explosive (n) chaát noå dispose of (v) vöùt boû fertilizer (n) phaân boùn dustbin (n) thuøng raùc fishing line (n) daây caâu 17 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC harm (v) gaây haïi hôïp lyù herbicide (n) thuoác dieät coû rubbish (n) raùc limit (v) coù giôùi haïn seafood (n) haûi saûn net (n) löôùi smart (adj) thoâng minh pesticide (n) thuoác tröø saâu solution (n) giaûi phaùp plastic (adj) laøm baèng sparingly (adv) moät caùch chaát deûo tieát kieäm pollute (v) laøm oâ nhieåm species (n) gioáng, loaøi proper (adj) thích hôïp spill (v) laøm traøn, ñoå release (v) thaû tanker (n) taøu chôû daàu responsibly (adv) moät caùch threaten (v) ñe doïa C. LISTENING commission (n) uûy ban mammal (n) ñoäng vaät conservation (n) söï baûo toàn coù vuù decrease (n/v) (söï) giaûm bôùt migrate (v) di cö feeding ground (n) nôi cung caáp take measures (n) aùp duïng thöùc aên bieän phaùp increase (n/v) (söï) gia taêng weight (n) troïng löôïng length (n) chieàu daøi whaling (n) vieäc saên caù voi D. WRITING accidential (adj) tình côø female (adj/n) gioáng caùi at risk (exp) ñang gaëp gestation period (n) thôøi kyø nguy hieåm thai ngheùn brain (n) boä naõo give birth to (exp) sinh con calf (n) con* habitat (n) moâi tröôøng carnivore (n) ñoäng vaät soáng aên thòt life span (n) quaõng ñôøi concern (n) moái quan taâm male (adj/n) gioáng ñöïc diet (n) thöùc aên offspring (n) con caùi haøng ngaøy range (n) khu vöïc soáng entrapment (n) söï maéc baãy sperm whale (n) caù nhaø taùng feeding habit (n) thoùi quen aên squid (n) con möïc (aên caùi gì, nhieàu hay ít) * Nghóa trong baøi: con cuûa caù nhaø taùng 18 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC E. LANGUAGE FOCUS close down (v) ñoùng cöûa press (v) nhaán (ngöøng sx) refuse (v) töø choái disappointed (adj) thaát voïng resign (v) töø chöùc frightened (adj) sôï ring (n) chieác nhaãn gun (n) caây suùng salary (n) tieàn löông offend (v) xuùc phaïm surprised (adj) bò ngaïc nhieân offer (v) taëng/giao cho upset (adj) buoàn baõ out of work (exp) maät vieäc GRAMMAR ☺ 1. Should / Shouldn’t (neân / khoâng neân) Duøng ñeå khuyeân ai ñoù neân hay khoâng neân laøm vieäc gì. Ex: - He looks very tired. He should visit his doctor. (He looks very tired. I think he should visit his doctor. - It’s raining heavily. You shouldn’t go out right now. (It’s raining heavily. I don’t think you should go out right now.) 2. Conditional sentence type 2 Caâu ñieàu kieän loaïi 2 duøng ñeå dieãn taû haønh ñoäng KHOÂNG theå xaûy ra ôû hieän taïi hoaëc töông lai. Ex: - He doesn’t have enough money. He will not buy this new bicycle. ---> If he had enough money, he would buy this new bicycle. (He would buy this new bicycle if he had enough money.) - I am not bird. I can’t fly everywhere. ---> If I were a bird, I could fly everywhere. (I could fly everywhere if I were a bird.) Coâng thöùc: If clause (Meänh ñeà If) Main clause (Meänh ñeà chính) S + V2/ED/WERE S + WOULD/COULD + V * Löu yù: - Meänh ñeà IF vaø meänh ñeà chính coù theå ñoåi choã cho nhau. - Duøng WERE cho taát caû caùc ngoâi trong meänh ñeà IF. 19 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy
Töø vöïng – Ngöõ phaùp tieáng Anh 10 CTC UNIT 10: CONSERVATION VOCABULARY ☺ A. READING circulation (n) söï löu thoâng nature’s defence (n) baûo veä conserve (v) baûo toàn thieân nhieân constant (adj) thöôøng planet (n) haønh tinh xuyeân power (n) ñieän damage (n) thieät haïi protect (v) baûo veä destroy (v) phaù huûy run off (v) chaûy ñi disappearance (n) söï bieán maát save (v) cöùu eliminate (v) loaïi ra soil (n) ñaát destruction (n) söï taøn phaù species (n) gioáng, loaøi erosion (n) söï xoùi moøn take away (v) laáy ñi grass (n) baõi coû treat (v) chöõa trò hydroelectric dam (n) ñaäp thuûy valuable (adj) coù giaù trò ñieän variety (n) söï ña daïng industry (n) ngaønh coâng vegetation (n) thöïc vaät, nghieäp caây coái loss (n) söï maát maùc worsen (v) laøm teä hôn B. SPEAKING against one’s will (exp) traùi yù (ai) reconstruction (n) söï taùi xdöïng endangered (adj) coù nguy cô the wild (n) moâi tröôøng tuyeät chuûng hoang daõ image (n) hình aûnh risky (adj) maïo hieåm imprison (v) toáng giam sensitive (adj) nhaïy caûm instead (prep) thay vaøo ñoù suffer from (v) chòu ñöïng C. LISTENING allow (v) cho pheùp forester (n) ngöôøi troâng awful (adj) khuûng khieáp coi röøng camper (n) ngöôøi caém heap of leaves (n) moät ñoáng laù traïi spread (v) lan roäng catch fire (exp) baét löûa D. WRITING afterwards (adv) sau ñoù preparation (n) söï chuaån bò free (adj) mieãn phí term (n) hoïc kyø 20 Nguyeãn Ñaëng Hoaøng Duy

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