Giải pháp phát triển dịch vụ ăn uống để thu hút khách du lịch quốc tế

1 NGHltN COU-TRAO flOl<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> GIAI PHAP PHAT TRIEN DICH VU AN UONG • •<br /> <br /> <br /> iet^u l/iit kl/dcl/ du licI/ quoc te<br /> • ThS. PHAM MANH CITONG Thfl nhdt, quy md cua cdc dgi phu hflp yeu cau phyc vy va<br /> TrUffng CD Du Ifch Hd N$i nha hang con nhd be, manh ddm bdo v? sinh. Dgi bp phan<br /> mfln. Sd Iflpng nha hang cd quy cac nha hdng cdn lai, trjmg<br /> md ldn tfl 200 - 500 chd rdt thiet bi dyng cy cdn thidu.<br /> Kbdl qudt v^ dich vu dn<br /> thdp, chu ydu tbu0c cac khdch nhieu dyng cy dd xudng cdp<br /> u{fng Vift Nam trong giai do^n<br /> sail 3 - 5 sao. Cac nha hang khdng ddp flng yeu cdu phyc vu<br /> hifn nay<br /> nay dflpc ddu tfl quy md, cd khach trong nfldc chua ndi den<br /> Trong nhflng ndm qua, dich khdng gian, cdnh quan d?p. phuc vy khdch qudc te. Mpt sd<br /> vy an udng tgi Viet Nam cd bfldc chd dd xe d to thuan tien. Tren ndi, thidt b | dyng cy ddu tU mdi<br /> phdt trien manh me. Nam thflc te, chu ye'u khdch du Uch tuy cd hien dai nhflng khdng<br /> 2011, cd nfldc cd 13.000 cd sd qudc te den sfl dyng dich vy an ddng bp nen bleu qud phuc vu<br /> kinh ddanh Iflu trfl, bao gdm<br /> udng tgi day. Cdn Igi, cdc nhd khdch chfla cao, thieu tinh<br /> khdch san 5 sao la 48, khach<br /> hang khdc ddu cd quy md vfla tham my, thieu an todn vd chfla<br /> sgn 4 sao Id 126. khdch sgn 3<br /> va nhd, khdng gian chat hep, thflc sfl ddm bdo ve sinh an<br /> sao Id 273, khdch san 2 sao Id<br /> cho do xe khd khan, ndn khong toan thflc phdm cho ngUdl sii!<br /> 945 va khach san 1 sao la<br /> dap flng dfldc yeu cau phyc vy dyng.<br /> 1415. Ngoai ra cac cd sd kinh<br /> du khach qudc te'. Thfl: tit. dpi ngu lao dgng<br /> doanh Iflu tru khdch chfla dfldc<br /> tham dtnh xep hang sao [3], Thfl hai. chat Iflpng dich vy trong ngdnh du Uch cdn nhilu<br /> neu tinh binh quan mdi cd sd cua nhd hdng chua dUdc tdt. hgn che. Theo thdng ke, nSm<br /> Iflu tru cd mpt nha hang thi sd Hdu bet cdc nha hang vfla vd 2011, lUc lupng lao dpng trong<br /> lUdng nha hang rat nhidu. Ben nhd la nhd hang binh ddn. Unh vflc Iflu trfl va an udng la<br /> cgnh dd, nhidu nha hang doc phyc vu nhu cdu an udng binh gan 2 trieu nhan cdng, trong do<br /> lap vdi nhflng quy mo khdc dan, cho du khdch npi dia. Mdt 550.000 nhdn vien trflc Uep va<br /> nhau va Viet Nam cung cd nhieu phdn trong sd dd la nhd hdng 1.450.000 nhan cdng gidn Uep<br /> nha hang cd yeu td nfldc ngodi cao cap. phuc vy mdn an truydn 14]. Ddnh gid mpt each tdng i<br /> dang boat ddng tgi cac tinh, thdng, phuc vy mdn an ciia cac quat. lflc Ifldng lao dpng con i<br /> thanh phd. Viec cung cap cac qudc gia tren the gidi cd the thieu lao ddng cd trinh do<br /> mdn an, dd udng cdn the hien d phyc vu nhu cdu an cho khdch chuyen mdn, cdn nhieu lao<br /> nhflng hinh thflc rdt da dgng qudc te. Tuy nhien, cac nhd dpng tuydn dung vd sfl dung<br /> nhfl: qudn cdm binh dan. qudn hang nay Igi thieu cac dich vy theo mua vy chfla dfldc qua dao<br /> bar va ca phe... [Ij. Nhfl vay, bd sung nhfl vul cbdl, gldl tri. tgo. Ve trinh dp ngogi ngfl chi<br /> thed sd Ueu thdng ke, dtch vy trong gifl tre... md cac nhd hdng dat yeu cau rat nho, khd cd khi<br /> an udng phdt trien cd vd sd ldn cua cdc qudc gia phdt trien nang giao Uep khdch du lich<br /> Ifldng va chat Ifldng. Tuy nhien, deu CO. qudc te.<br /> dich vu an udng Viet Nam van<br /> cdn tdn tgi nhidu thflc trang va Thii ba, cd sd vat chat ky Thii ndm, van dd ve shih an ^<br /> chfla ddp Ung dfldc nhu cdu ve thugt chfla dap flng nhu cdu toan thflc pham ciia cdc mdn in<br /> san pham an udng ngay cdng thflc te. Cac nha hang trong Viet chfla lam hdi ldng khach<br /> cao cua khach du Uch qudc te. khdch san 4 sao - 5 sad da ddu du lich qudc td vd ca du khach<br /> tfl cd sd vat chat ddng bp, hien npi dia. Du khach ludn lo ngai<br /> 161<br />  NGHltN Clio-TRAO fltfl<br /> <br /> ve van dd ve sinh vd an toan<br /> thflc pham cfla cac nhd hang,<br /> khach san tai Viet Nam. Ngudn<br /> nguyen U^u ddu vao chfla ddm<br /> bdo ve sinh. cdn chUa nhidu cdc<br /> loai hda chat dpc hai. cdc loai vi<br /> khuan, vl rut... cd the dnh<br /> hfldng den sflc khde cua ngfldi<br /> sfl dung.<br /> Thd sdu. gdn day mOt so cd<br /> sd dich vy an udng phuc vy<br /> khach qudc te dd bdt ddu chu<br /> trpng tdi viec phdt trien cdc ydu<br /> td van hda am thflc, tao sfl<br /> thich thu cho du khach. Tuy<br /> nhien nhflng cd sd ndy chfla<br /> nhidu, viec td chflc cdn thidu<br /> chu dao. thieu sfl nghien cflu ky<br /> Ifldng vi vay chdt Ifldng chfla dgt Phd Vi$t Nam la mon Sn duac nhieu du khach ua thfch<br /> tdi 'thdi hdn Viet Nam vdo tflng<br /> phdt trien cac Uen nghi vat chdt khach qudc te'. hoac cd the cd<br /> mdn an".<br /> vd phUdng tien ky thuat tham nhflng thay ddi cho phu hdp vdi<br /> Vdi thflc trgng dich vy an gia vao viCc tao ra vd thflc hien khau vi cua tflng ddi tflpng<br /> udng Viet Nam hien nay xdt dich vy an udng nham ddp flng khdch tuy nhidn khdng ldm<br /> tdng the mdi chi ddp flng dfldc nhu cau an udng ciia khach du thay ddi "cdi hdn" cua van hda<br /> mpt phdn nhu cdu an udng cua lich trong nfldc vd qudc te. am thflc Viet Nam.<br /> khach du Uch. Dich vu nay cdn Ba dang hoa sdn phdm dn Ndng cao chdt liidng sd n<br /> phdi cd sfl thay ddi de thflc sU uong vd cdc dich vu kem theo tqi phdm dich vu An udng nh&m<br /> trd thanh djch vy can thiet, ddp cdc nhd hdng kinh doanh dn ndng cao sfl thda mdn cua khdch<br /> flng nhu cdu an udng. Id mpt udng phuc uii khdch du lich hdng<br /> yeu td quan trpng thu hut khdch qudc te Phat trien dich vy an udng<br /> du Uch qudc te.<br /> Da dang hda mdn an thudn phyc vy khach du Uch qudc te,<br /> 2. Mpt so gial phdp phdt Viet chinh la viec ldm phong khdng chi tang vd sd lUdng mon<br /> tri^n djch vv dn u6'ng phijic vv phu vd chung loai mdn an, dd an dd udng, ma can thiet phai<br /> khdch du lich qutfc t^ tai Vift udng trong thflc ddn, da dang vd ddm bdo vd ngay cang nang cao<br /> Nam nguyen Ueu chd bidn va phfldng Upn nghi phuc vy, ky nang ddn<br /> Phdt trien he thdng cdc nhd phdp che bien, nghe thugt Udp. ky nang giao Uep, chat<br /> hdng vd cd sd vdt chdt ky thudt trang tri, each thflc cung flng vd lUdng mdn an, dd udng, ddm<br /> ddm bdo tieu chudn phiic vu sfl dyng mdi logi mdn an dd bdo ve sinh mdi trUdng. ve sinh<br /> khdch qudc te udng nhdm tang sfl Ifla chpn an todn thflc pham. Tien tdi ap<br /> Cung vdi phdt trien he thdng cho khdch, tao ra nhflng net dyng h^ thdng qudn ly chat<br /> nhd hdng. cd sd vat chat ky dac thu, sfl khdc biet rieng cua Ifldng theo tieu chuan qudc td<br /> thuat, trang thidt bi cdn chu y tflng nhd hdng. nhdm dap flng nhu cdu ngdy<br /> mang phong each rieng, dpng De thda man nhu cdu an cua cdng cao cua du khdch qudc td.<br /> bp, hien dai, th^m my phu hdp khach qudc td. nhflng mdn an Nha hang, khdch sgn cdn dd<br /> vdi nhidu ddi tfldng khdch du thudn Viet cung phdi tfldng ddi cao van de chat Ifldng mdn an.<br /> Uch khac nhau. phu hdp vdi khdch qudc te. Can dd udng vd chat lUdng phuc vy<br /> Phat trien cd sd vat chat ky nhdc khi sfl dyng loai nguyen len hdng ddu. Chu trpng p~.<br /> thuat trong cac nha hdng Id sfl lieu khdng phu hpp ddi vdi tfl khau nguyen lieu ddu<br /> <br /> TllinmGH9IS65/2013 I 1 9<br /> IGHIINCOU-TRAO Dtfl I<br /> & 1<br /> t^" vao. ddm bdo ve sinh an tinh hinh. phan tich thdng tin ydu td khdc da lam cho dich vii<br /> todn thflc pham, ddu tfl cdc thi trudng, bidt dung ngfldi, chi an udng phat trien. Nhdn dlnh<br /> trang thiet bi tao thuan Ipi cho dao cdng vl$c tdt. Dpi ngu nhan cy thd nhflng hgn che, khiem<br /> vl^c che bien, bdo qudn. dfl trfl vien ky thuat che bidn mdn dn khuyet cfla Unh vflc dich vy Sn<br /> sdn pham dn udng. nang cao cd tay nghd, cd kinh nghidm. cd udng, tfl dd thflc bien cdc gill<br /> chdt Iflpng dpi ngu nhdn vlSn long yeu nghd. Nhdn vidn phyc phdp mang Unh ddng bo se gop<br /> phuc vy. vy qua dao tgo bdi bdn, kinh phdn phat trien dich vy an udng<br /> Dtnh gid diing ud tinh dii chi nghidm trong giao tidp vdi Vi^t Nam hien nay vd se gop<br /> phi bdn sdn phdm khdch hang. Tdt cd ydu td trfin phdn ndng cao chat Iflpng sdn<br /> tao ra chdt Ifl^Jng phyc vy hoan phdm du Uch Vi^t Nam, gop<br /> Trong kinh doanh. vl^c dtnh<br /> bdo. phdn thu hut khdch du Itch<br /> gid bdn sdn phdm an udng ddng<br /> Tdng citdng hoat dgng nghiSn qudc td. Ddm bdo dua Du Ilch<br /> vai trd quan trpng quydt dinh sfl<br /> ciXu thi tnidng vd qudng bd xitc Viet Nam trd thanh ngdnh kinh<br /> thanh cdng cua cdc cd sd kinh<br /> doanh an udng. Nhfl vay lam tidn dich vti dn udng te mui nhpn, cd tinh chuyen<br /> the ndo dinh gid dung gid bdn Phdt trien dich vu an udng nghiep, sdn phdm du Uch cd<br /> cac sdn phdm an udng trong phdi gdn Udn vdi viec tang chat Iflflng cao, cd thUdng hieu,<br /> cac nhd hdng, khdch san mdt cfldng chii dpng. linh hogt mang dam bdn sdc ddn toe, co<br /> each hdp Iy. Cd the, Idi nhuan trong nghien cflu, xdc dinh khd nang canh tranh cao vdi<br /> rdng mong mudn ciia cdc nhd dflpc khdch hang myc tieu. xac cac nfldc trong khu vflc va tren<br /> hang, khdch san phdi dd ra d dinh thi trfldng trpng diem. thd gldl •<br /> mflc hpp ly dao dp trong khodng Viec qudng ba, xuc tien dich vy<br /> 10% - 12% tren tdng doanh thu. an udng ddm bdo cd ddy du<br /> Tai li$u tham khdo<br /> Ddng thdi, tang sd Ifldng sdn thdng tin, Ifla chpn thdi diem<br /> 1 Tnnh Xuan Dung (2011), Mdt<br /> pham de gidm chi phi chung. qudng ba sdn phdm an udng<br /> Nhflng nhat thiet phdi ddm bdo sd vSn dS v§ Sm th\jc va phat tiiSn du<br /> den tflng phdn doan thi trfldng<br /> chl phi nguyen heu de dn dinh khdch mpt cdch phu hdp. lich tai Vi$t Nam. Bai bao dSng<br /> chdt Ifldng mdn dn. Vdi chlen Qudng bd, xiic tien dich vy an 16/5/2011 tgi web Vi^n nghidn cdu<br /> Ifldc gid phu hdp trong tflng giai udng den vdi khach qudc te phat tri^n du l|ch<br /> dogn, cdc nha hang, khdch san khdng chi la gldl thieu cac mdn 2. Nguyfn Thj Tu (2009), Giii<br /> cd the dflng vflng, duy tri doanh an, dd udng, cdc nha hdng cdn phap phat tnen dfch vy Sn uong cao<br /> sd ddm bdo Idi nhugn, ddm bdd mudn khdi gpi nhu cdu vd Idl cSp tai cac nha hang trin dta ban Ha<br /> viec Idm cho nhan cdng. keo thflc khach den nha hang. Wd', Oe tat khoa hpc cap B6, Bp Giao<br /> Ndng cao chdt liidng doi ngii Vi vay, cdc nhd hang phdi chu dye va Dao tgo.<br /> lao dong trpng de'n viec qudng bd, xuc 3. l6r\Q cyc Du Ijch, Bao cao long<br /> tien hinh dnh, chdt Iflpng mdn<br /> Cdc nhan vien tham gia trflc kdt ndm 2011.<br /> an, chat Iflpng phyc vy ciia<br /> tiep vao hdu het cdc khau cua 4 Tdng cyc Thdng kg, Bao cao<br /> minh de'n vdi du khach.<br /> qua trinh cung Ung dtch vy an di6u tra lao (J^ng va viec lam 2011-<br /> udng dem lal gid tri gia tang cao Ket ludn<br /> 5.TC'ngcyc Thdng ke, Thuong im<br /> cho dich vy, tgo sfl dac sdc dpc Ndn kinh te Viet Nam da,<br /> va du lich 2011<br /> ddo rieng ciia nhd hdng va tao dang va se ngdy cdng hpi nhap<br /> an tfldng tdt den khdch. Trinh 6. Joan C. Henderson (2009),<br /> sau rpng vao ndn kinh te the<br /> dp chuyen mdn va kinh nghiem Food tourism reviewed, Nanyang<br /> gidi. Dac biet tfl khi Viet Nam<br /> cua dpi ngu nhan vien tao ldi chinh thflc la thdnh vien ciia to Techonlogical University, Singapore<br /> the canh tranh cho DN kinh chflc Thfldng mai the gldl (WTO). 7. Mercedes Marzo - Navarro and<br /> doanh an udng tren thi trUdng. cung vdi sfl tang trfldng GDP, Marta Pedraja - Iglesias (2009),<br /> Nha hang cd nhflng ngudi quan sflc tieu dung, Ifldng khach du Wine tourism development from the<br /> Iy CO kidn thflc kinh doanh vflng Uch qudc te tang nhanh trong perspec^va of tfie potmtial tourist In<br /> vang, cd kha nang tdng hdp nhflng nam gdn day vd nhieu Spain, University of zazagoza, Spain<br /> <br /> 2 0 1 THU0NGM9I So 5/2013<br />