TÀI LIỆU ÔN TẬP HỌC KÌ II MÔN TIẾNG ANH 11 (năm học 2010-2011)

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TÀI LIỆU ÔN TẬP HỌC KÌ II MÔN TIẾNG ANH 11 (năm học 2010-2011) A/ Accent mark: Dấu nhấn/ Trọng âm 1. Đối với những từ gồm có 2 hoặc 3 vần, trọng âm thường rơi vào vần đầu.(nêu là danh từ hay tính từ) nều là đ ộng từ thì nhấ vào vần thứ 2 Ex: péasant, spécial, média, phótograph,........ (v) present, enjóy, represént 2. Đối với những từ gồm có 4 vần (hoặc nhiều hơn), trọng âm thường rơi vào vần thứ 3 kể từ cuối. Ex: géography, univérsity, commúnicate, technólogy, ........ 3. Đối với những từ tận cùng có các vần như: -ion, -ic, -ian, trọng âm thường rơi vào vần phía trước. Ex: proféssion, demonstrátion, scientífic, photográphic, musícian, electrícian, ..... 4. Đối với những từ tận cùng có các vần như: -oo, -oon, -ee, -een, -eer, -ese, -ette, trọng âm thường rơi vào ngay các vần này. Ex: bambóo, shampóo, cartóon, afternóon, referée, employée, cantéen, thirtéen, enginéer, Vietnamése, Chinése, cigarétte, ........... 5. Đối với những từ có các tiền tố (tiếp đầu ngữ) như: in-, im-, ir-, re-, pre-, dis-, de-, be-, ex-, en-, trọng âm thư ờng rơi vào vần phía sau. Ex: insíde, impóssible, irrégular, repéat, prevíew, discúss, deféat, begín, excíted, enjóy, represént, … B/ Sound: Phát âm 1. Chú ý các phụ âm từ Unit 9- 16. 2. Động từ tận cùng bằng -ED có 3 cách phát âm là: /id/, /t/, /d/. a. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là: -t, -d, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /id/. Ex: wanted, collected, decided, needed,....... b. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là: -c, -f, -k, -p, -s, -x, -sh, -ch, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /t/. Ex: practiced, stuffed, looked, stopped, missed, fixed, washed, watched,....... c. Đối với những động từ tận cùng là các phụ âm còn lại hoặc nguy ên âm, khi thêm -ED sẽ phát âm là /d/. Ex: enjoyed, stayed, managed, cleaned, arrived, called,....... /s/: p, k, f, t, ex: cats * Phân biệt: s, es /iz/: ss, x z, ch, sh, ge, se, ce ex: horses /z/: ngoài 2 trường hợp trên ex: dogs 1. A. chairs B. hats C. grapes D. roofs 2. A. crops B. farmers C. vehicles D. fields 3. A. chooses B. horses C. rises D. roses B. RELATIVE CLAUSES Mệnh đề quan hệ còn đư ợc gọi là mệnh đề tính ngữ (adjective clause) vì nó được dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước nó. Mệnh đề này được nối với mệnh đề chính bởi các đại từ quan hệ Who, Whom, Which, Whose, That hoặc các phó từ quan hệ như When, Where, Why. 1. Cách dùng: * Who: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ ngư ời, làm chủ ngữ cho động từ sau nó. (sau who phải là một động từ) VD: The women who lives next door is very friendly. * Whom: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, làm tân ngữ cho động từ sau nó. Có khi người ta dùng Who thay cho Whom. (sau whom phải là một đại từ khác, không phải là m ột động từ ) VD: The man whom you saw yesterday is my uncle. (you là một đại từ)
* Which: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ con vật, đồ vật làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ cho đ ộng từ sau nó. (chỉ cần thấy trước which là môt danh từ chỉ vật) VD: The book which has some wonderful pictures is about Africa. The dog which you gave me is lovely. * That: Đại từ quan hệ chỉ cả người, vật, đồ vật dùng thay cho Who, Whom, Which, trong mệnh đề quan hệ thuộc loại Restrictive clauses (mệnh đề hạn định). VD: The book that you lent me is interesting. This is the man that I met in Paris last month.  Lưu ý: - That thường được dùng sau danh từ có tính từ so sánh bậc nhất (the best, the most…; everybody, anybody, nobody, somebody, everything, something…) VD: He’s the best teacher that I have ever know. - That được dùng khi danh từ trước nó chỉ cả người, vật. VD: I can see a girl and her dog that are running in the park. - That không bao giờ được dùng trong mệnh đề không hạn định, và không đứng sau giới từ, that dùng trong mệnh đề quan hệ nhằm xác định nghĩa cho danh từ đứng trước và không tách rời mệnh đề chính bằng các 2 dấu phẩy. Nếu Who, Whom, Which, That làm tân ngữ thì ta có thể bỏ đ i. VD: She’s the person who(m) I met at the party. She ’s the person I met at the party. Have you ever seen the dress that I’ve just bought? Have you ever seen the dress I’ve just bought? * Whose: Đại từ quan hệ đứng sau danh từ chỉ người và thay cho tính từ sở hữu trước danh từ. Khi dùng cho vật thì = of which. VD: I’ve got a friend whose brother is an actor. John found a cat whose leg was broken. * When: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ thời gian dùng đ ể thay thế cho (at/on/in) which, then. VD: I’ll never forget the day when (on which) I met her. That was the time when (at which) he managed the company. * Where: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ nơi chốn dùng để thay cho at/on/in) which, there. VD: I went to the office where (in which) my father works. Dalat is the place where (to which) I like to come. * Why: Phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ lí do dùng để thay cho “the reason”. VD: I don’t understand the reason why he was late. *Why: là phó từ quan hệ đứng sau từ chỉ lý do VD: this is the reasons why they didn’t come 2. Phân biệt: Có 2 loại mệnh đề quan hệ a. Restrictive Clauses (mệnh đề hạn định): Không có mệnh đề này, câu không đủ nghĩa vì đ ứng trước chưa xác định.VD: I don’t know the man who is talking to Mary. The picture which Tom is looking at is beautiful. b. Non-Restrictive Clauses (mệnh đề không hạn định): không có mệnh đề này, câu vẫn đủ nghĩa khi từ đứng trước đ ã xác định. Trư ớc danh từ thường có this, that, these, my, your…, hoặc tên riêng. Nó ngăn cách với mệnh đề chính bằng các dấu phẩy. Vd: His father, who is working in a shoe factory, will retire next year. I had a personal talk with Jane, who wanted to take that job. 3. Dạng rút gọn của mệnh đề quan hệ (Reduced form of relative clauses)
+ Rút gọn bằng cách dùng Participle phrase (cụm phân từ). Có 2 loại participle phrase: - Present participle phrase (phân từ hiện tại): bắt đầu bằng V-ing. - Past participle phrase (phân từ quá khứ): bắt đầu bằng p.p (V-ed/V3) Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể chủ động (active), ta dùng Present participle phrase. VD: Do you know the boy who broke the window yesterday? Do you know the boy broking the window yesterday? Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở thể bị động (passive) ta dùng Past participle phrase. VD: The students who were punished by the teacher are lazy. The students punished by the teacher are lazy. Mệnh đề quan hệ có thể rút gọn bằng cách dùng To – inf hoặc Infinitive phrase. VD: English is an important language which we have to master. English is an important language to master. C. Can, could and be able to A Chúng ta dùng can để nói một sự việc có thể xảy ra hay ai đó có khả năng làm được việc gì. Chúng ta dùng can+infinitive (can do/can see… ) We can see the lake from our bedroom window. Chúng ta có thể nhìn thấy cái hồ từ cửa sổ phòng ngủ. Can you speak any foreign languages? Bạn có nói đ ược một ngoại ngữ nào không? I can come and see you tomorrow if you like. Tôi có thể đến thăm bạn vào ngày mai nếu bạn muốn. Dạng phủ định của can là can’t (=cannot) I’m afraid I can’t come to the party on Friday. Tôi e rằng tôi không thể đi dự tiệc vào ngày thứ sáu. B (Be) able to… có thể thay thế được cho can (nhưng can vẫn được dùng nhiều hơn) Are you able to speak any foreign languages? Bạn có thể nói được một ngoại ngữ nào không? Nhưng can chỉ có hai dạng can (present) và could (past) nên khi cần thiết chúng ta phải dùng (Be) able to… Hãy so sánh: I can’t sleep. Tôi không ngủ được. Nhưng I haven’t been able to sleep recently. (can không có present perfect) Gần đây tôi không ngủ được. Tom can come tomorrow. Ngày mai Tom có thể đến. Nhưng Tom might be able to come tomorrow. (can không có infinitive) Ngày mai Tom có khả năng sẽ đến. C Could và was able to… Đôi khi could là dạng quá khứ của can. Chúng ta dùng could đặc biệt với: see hear smell taste feel remember understand When we went into the house, we could smell burning. Khi chúng tôi đi vào căn nhà, chúng tôi có thể ngửi được mùi cháy.
She spoke in a very low voice, but I could understand what she said. Cô ấy đã nói giọng rất trầm, nhưng tôi có thể hiểu cô ấy nói gì. Chúng ta dùng could để diễn tả ai đó là có khả năng nói chung hay được phép để làm điều gì đó. My grandfather could speak five languages. Ông tôi có thể nói đư ợc năm ngoại ngữ We were completely free. We could do what we wanted. (= we were allowed to do…) Chúng ta đã hoàn toàn tự do. Chúng ta có thể làm những gì mà chúng ta muốn (= chúng ta đã được phép làm…) D Chúng ta dùng could để chỉ khả năng nói chung (general ability). Nhưng để đề cập tới một sự việc xảy ra trong một tình huống đặc biệt (particular situation), chúng ta dùng was/were able to… (không dùng could) The fire spread through the building quickly but everybody was able to escape or … everybody managed to escape (but not ‘could escape’) Ngọn lửa lan nhanh trong tòa nhà nhưng mọi người đã có thể chạy thoát được. They didn’t want to come with us at first but we managed to persuade them or … we were able to persuade them (but not ‘could persuade’) Lúc đầu họ không muốn đến nhưng sau đó chúng tôi đã thuyết phục đư ợc họ. E Hãy so sánh: Jack was an excellent tennis player. He could beat anybody. (= He had the general ability to beat anybody) Jack là một vận động viên quần vợt cừ khôi. Anh ấy có thể đánh bại bất cứ ai. (=anh ấy có một khả năng nói chung là đánh bại bất cứ ai) Nhưng Jack and Alf had a game of tennis yesterday. Alf played very well but in the end Jack managed to beat him or… was able to beat him (= he managed to beat him in this particular game) Jack và Alf đã thi đấu quần vợt với nhau ngày hôm qua. Alf đã chơi rất hay nhưng cuối cùng Jack đ ã có thể hạ được Alf. (= Jack đ ã thắng đ ược anh ấy trong trận đấu đặc biệt này) Dạng phủ định couldn’t (could not) có thể được dùng cho tất cả các trường hợp: My grandfather couldn’t swim. Ông tôi không biết bơi. We tried hard but we couldn’t persuade them to come with us. Chúng tôi đã cố gắng rất nhiều nhưng không thể nào thuyết phục họ đến với chúng tôi được. Alf played well but he couldn’t beat Jack. Alf đ ã chơi rất hay nhưng không thể thắng đ ược Jack D. CONJUNCTIONS: both ….and, not only ….but also, either ….or, neither ….nor Both ….and : đông từ ở hình thức số nhiều 1. Not only …………..but also: đông từ hợp theo chủ ngữ sau but also 2. either ….or và neither ………..nor : đông từ hợp theo chủ ngữ sau OR / NOR 3. Neither + NOUN + nor + NOUN + VERB : động từ luôn ở hình thức khẳng định 4. Ex: Jim is on holiday and so is Carol . Both …………………………………………………………….
They were tired and they were hungry. (not only…..but also) ………………………………………………………………… Jim hasn’t got a car. Tan hasn’t got a car, either. Neither …………………………………………………………………………. We can leave today or we can leave tomorrow. (either…..or) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… …….. EXERCISES I. Combine The Sentences, Using Both……..And, Either……Or, Nether…..Nor, Not Only…But Also 1.Ron enjoys horseback riding. Bob enjoys horseback riding. (not only……but also)  ………………………………………………………….. 2. I like tennis. My husband likes tennis, too. ( both………. and) ............................................................................................................................. 3. You can choose the red shirt or the blue one. (either…or) ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 4.They don’t like Paris. They don’t like London either.(neither…nor) ………………………………………………………………………….. 5.The show is enjoyable. It is also educational. (both . . . and) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6.In this course students learn how to save time when drafting papers. They also learn how to edit their work. (both . . . and) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7.Mary is not lazy. She is not disobedient. (neither . . . nor) …………………………………………………………………… 8. This store sells hand-crafted ornaments. It also sells jewels. (not only . . . but also) …………………………………………………………………………………. 9. My father doesn’t drink coca-cola. He doesn’t drink beer either. (neither…nor) ……………………………………………………………………………………… 10.If you don’t go, your brother has to go. (either…or) ………………………………………………………………… E. TAG QUESTIONS: 1. Nếu động từ trong câu phát biểu là khẳng đ ỉnh thì đ ộng từ trong tag question là phủ định và ngược lại. Ex: The meeting started at 8.00 am., didn’t it.? Ha Noi is very beautiful, isn’t it?. She was robbed, wasn’t she?. She didn’t receive my letter, did she?. Peter can speak 5 languages, can’t he?. 2. câu hỏi đuôi đặc biệt : let’s ………, shall we?. I am ………., aren’t I?. This/that ………, is/ isn’t it?. These/ those ….., …are/ aren’t they?. everything, nothing ,something …………., …is/ isn’t.IT?. everybody, noone, some one ……….., ……are/ aren’t .they?. please + V1 (mệnh lệnh) ….., will you?. Nobody(one), nothing, + V (Khẳng định), V (Khẳng định)?.
S + V + never/ hardly/ rarely, no longer …, V (khẳng định) TAG QUESTIONS: 1.He hardly ever makes a mistake, ________? 11.Let's go out for dinner tonight, ________? 2.She'd save money if she bought fresh food, ________? 3.She's very' funny. She's got a great sense of humour, ________? 12.That isn't Bill driving, ________? 4.The area was evacuated at once, ________? 13..Don't touch that button, ________.? 5.Mr Smith usually remembered his wife's birthdays, ________? 14..I'm too late, ________? 6.Nobody liked the play, ________? 15.Nothing went wrong, ________? 7.Neither of them offered to help you, ________? 8.There'll be plenty for everyone, ________? 16.He never .works very well, ________? 10.This won't take long, ________? 9..There used to be trees here, ________? 17.He ought to have made a note of it, ________? F. REPORTED SPEECH IN PASSIVE VOICE ( câu tường thuật ở dang bị động) Say (said), think (thought), believe (believed), want(wanted) report (reported) , expect (expected)……….. V (tường thuật) that + S + V +O S+ Cách 1 : It +BE + V3/ Ved that + S + V + O S+ V (tường thuật) that + S + V +O S +BE (chia theo thì câu đề) + V3/Ved + TO infinitive … ( nếu động từ sau that ở hiện tại) Cách 2: + TO HAVE +V3Ved ( nếu động từ sau that ở quá khứ) It is said that she is a good student VD: People say that she is a good student She is said to be a good student (nguoi ta cho rang co ay la mot hoc sinh tot) It was believed that he stolen the car They believed that he stole the car (nguoi ta tin rang anh ay da danh cap chiec xe) He is believed to have stolen the car G. CLEFT SENTENCES ( Câu chẻ - câu nhấn mạnh ) A. Cleft sentences in the active : 1. Subject focus : We use cleft sentence to emphasize the subject of the action. It+is/was + NOUN (Subject) + Who/ that + V Ex1 : My brother bought a new car from our next- door neighbour last Saturday.
 It was my brother who bought his new car from our next- door neighbour last Saturday. Ex2 : The man gave her the book. => It was the man who gave her the book. 2. Object focus : We use cleft sentences to emphasize the object of the action. ACTIVE: It is/ was + NOUN (Object) + that + S +V Passive : It is/was + Noun + that + S +be+V3/Ved (by+O) Ex1 : My brother bought a new car from our next- door neighbour last Saturday.  It was a new car that my brother bought from our next- door neighbour last Saturday. Ex2 : The boy hit the dog in the garden. => It was the dog that the boy hit in the garden. 3. Adverbial focus : We use cleft sentences to emphasize the adverb ( time / place / …… ) It is/ was + Adv + That + S +V +O Ex1 : - My brother bought a new car from our next- door neighbour last Saturday.  It was last Saturday when my brother bought a new car from our next- door neighbour. Ex2 : - She bought him a present at the shop. => It was at the shop that she bought him a present. B. Cleft sentences in the passive : Cleft sentences can also be used in the passive voice. Ex1 : The boy hit the dog in the garden. => It was the dog that was hit in the garden. Ex2 : A. I heard that a dog bit you yesterday. B. No. It was the postman that was bitten by the dog. EXERCISES Exercise 1 : Rewrite the following sentences; using Cleft sentences 1.The boy visited his uncle last month. => .............................................................................................................................................. 2. My mother bought me a present on my birthday. => .............................................................................................................................................. 3. Huong and Sandra sang together at the party. => .............................................................................................................................................. 4. Nam’s father got angry with him. => .............................................................................................................................................. 5. The boys played football all day long. => .............................................................................................................................................. 6. The girl received a letter from her friend yesterday. => .............................................................................................................................................. 7. His presence at the meeting frightened the children. => .............................................................................................................................................. 8. The man is learning English. => .............................................................................................................................................. 9. The woman gave him the book.. => .............................................................................................................................................. 10. She sent her friend the postcard. => .............................................................................................................................................. 11. Hoa borrowed the book from Long. => .............................................................................................................................................. 12. The little boy greeted his grandfather in a strnge language. => .............................................................................................................................................. 13. The pedestrian asked the policeman a lot of questions. => ..............................................................................................................................................
14. The dog barked at the stranger. => .............................................................................................................................................. 15. She made some cakes for tea. => .............................................................................................................................................. 16. His father repaired the bicycle for him. => .............................................................................................................................................. 17. She presented him a book on his birthday. => .............................................................................................................................................. 18. He met his wife in Britain. => .............................................................................................. 19. She bought that present from the shop. => .............................................................................................................................................. 20. The meeting started at 8.00 a.m. => .............................................................................................................................................. Exercise 2: Change the sentences into cleft sentences in the passive. 1.Fans gave Christina lots of flowers. => .............................................................................................................................................. 2. The pedestrian asked the policeman for direction to the post office. => .............................................................................................................................................. 3. People talked a lot about his house. => .............................................................................................................................................. 4. His father bought him a bicycle for his birthday. => .............................................................................................................................................. 5. He described his hometown in his novel. => ................................................................................................................................ ............. 6. She frightened the children. => .............................................................................................................................................. 7. Her younger sister broke her glasses. => .............................................................................................................................................. 8. The prince kissed my younger sister at the party. => ................................................................................................................................ ............. 9. My father gave me this story book as a birthday present. => .............................................................................................................................................. 10. Vietnamese people celebrate Tet as the greatest occasion in a year. => .............................................................................................................................................. A. PHONETICS I Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from that of the others. 1. A . dates B. chores C. talks D. helps 2. A. tests B. grades C. terms D. teachers 3. A. faces B. lakes C. causes D. stresses 4. A. plants B. products C. reserves D. elephants 5. A. biologists B. generations C. expeditions D. temperatures 6. A.enjoys B. feels C. takes D. gives 7. A. brothers B. weekends C. problems D. secrets 8. A. shops B. notes C. mouths D. blacksmiths 9. A. airports B. suitcases C. things D. calculators 10 .A. fills B. adds C. stirs D. lets 11.A. sewed B. agreed C. covered D. protected 12.A. smoked B. served C. discussed D. developed
13.A. linked B. declared C. finished D. developed 14.A. derived B. enacted C. destroyed D. endangered 15.A.explored B. entered C. remained D. balanced 16.A. defended B. composed C. completed D. supported 17.A. joined B. solved C. planned D. founded 18.A. allowed B. appalled C. injured D. wounded 19. A. influenced B. accompanied C. terrified D. averaged 20. A. beloved B. naked C. wicked D. confused 21. a. decreased b. influenced c. endangered d. established 22. a. pleased b. raised c. practiced d. used 23. a. attracted b. added c. competed d. developed 24. a. practised b. stamped c.indulged d. accomplished 25. a. helped b. borrowed c. dismissed d. booked II. Choose the word that has the main stress placed differently from the others. 1. a. interference b. consequences c. electricity d. entertainment 2. a. preserve b. devastate c. endanger d. release 3. a. fertilize b. deliver c. imagine d. destroy 4. a. energy b. exhausted c. natural d. plentiful 5. a. electricity b. geothermal c. alternative d. radiation 6. a. available b. potential c. unlimited d. infinite 7. a. release b. supplies c. nuclear d. convenient 8. a. ecologist b. fertilizer c. dangerous d. scientist 9. a. Asian b. gather c. advance d. decade 10. a. facilities b. solidarity c. performance d. aquatic 11. a. appreciate b. promote c. participate d. introduce 12. a. athletics b. hockey c. volleyball d. rugby 13. a. volunteer b. competition c. enthusiastic d. intercultural 14. a. hobby b. guitar c. modest d. common 15. a. discarded b. successful c. profitably d. accomplished 16. a. ignorant b. continual c. gigantic d. indulge 17. a. occupy b. admire c. organize d. classify 18. a. category b. regular c. relative d. equipment 19. a. industry b. memorable c. document d. electricity 20. a. interfere b. machinery c. apparent d. achievement 21. a. uranium b. confidential c. discovery d. emergency 22. a. mature b. nature c. culture d. measure 23. a. advantageous b. photography c. proverbial d. magnificent 24. a. pursuit b. leisure c. popular d. television 25. a. memento b. solitude c. spectacular d. athletics 26. a. average b. instrument c. enormous d. generous 27. a. engrave b. spectator c. ability d. undertake 28. a. entertain b. recreation c. sophisticated d. population 29. a. scientist b. president c. engineer d. astronaut 30. a. conquest b. venture c. technical d. artificial. II. VOCABULARY- GRAMMAR A. VOCABULARY 1. The hotel staff are always friendly and courteous. a. efficient b. polite c. helpful d. perfect
2. There was no mention of the incident in the national press. a. television b. newspapers c. Internet d. radio 3. I need to ______ £1,000 to my daughter's account. a. transfer b. transform c. transmit d. transact 4. ______ to the magazine can take advantage of this special offer. a. Subscribe b. Subscription c. Subscribing d. Subscribers 5. An extra copy of each document was supplied for onward _____ to head office. a. transmit b. transmitted c. transmitter d. transmission 6. We offer a very _____ rate for parcels of under 15 kg. a. competing b. competent c. competitive d. competition 7. The society was set up to ______ endangered species from extinction. a. prevent b. distinguish c. preserve d. survive 8. If people stop destroying animal's natural habitat, more species will survive and produce ______. a. offspring b. ecology c. landscape d. benefit 9. Oil spills are having a devastating effect on coral reefs in the ocean. a. powerful b. significant c. disastrous d. detectable 10. We continue to ...... rainforests and increase the dangers of global warming. A. cut off B. cut in C. cut out D. cut down 11. They started a campaign to ...... smoking among teenagers. A. encourage B. decrease C. discourage D. prohibit 12. The Earth will be a planet where' human beings, animals and plants live in peaceful ....... A. cooperation B. coordination C. corporation D. coexistence 13. Many newer cars have a much lower fuel ______. a. consuming b. consumer c. consumation d. consumption 14. Increased consumption will lead to faster ...... of our natural resources. a. exhaust b. exhausting c. exhaustion d. exhaustive 15. ...... is produced from the heat stored in the earth's core. a. Geothermal energy b. Nuclear energy c. Solar energy d. Water energy 16. Recently the Asian Games has increased in ______. a. polular b. popularizing c. popularity d. popularly 17. We live in an age of rapid scientific and technological _____. a. advance b. advances c. advancing d. advancement 18. Shortly after receiving her gold medal, the Olympic champion answered questions at the press _____. a. discussion b. assembly c. conference d. seminar 19. This multi-sport event is an occasion when friendship and _____ are built and promoted. a. knowledge b. solidarity c. effort d. enthusiasm 20. Watching television is by far the most popular ______. a. intensity b. occupation c. recreation d. passion 21. I am very ______ in the information you have given me. a. interested b. surprised c. depressed d. concerned 22. There has been an increase in the ______ of folk music over recent years. a. popular b. popularity c. popularize d. popularization 23. ______ applicants should send their completed forms to the personnel office. a. Quality b. Qualitative c. Qualifications d. Qualified 24. There is an enormous range of holiday courses on ______ in the summer. a. demand b. suggestion c. advice d. offer 25. Eating out is the national ______ in France. a. pastime b. interest c. hobby d. game 26. There is considerable ______ over the safety of the treatment, so it hasn't been applied yet.
a. agree b. agreement c. disagree d. disagreement 27. No one knew precisely what would happen to a human being in space. a. exactly b. clearly c. carefully d. vividly 28. Neil Armstrong, an American ______, was the first man to step on the moon's surface. a. scientist b. cosmonaut c. astronaut d. astronomer 29. The 27-year-old Soviet cosmonaut became the first person to eat and drink in ______. a. weight b. weighting c. weightless d. weightlessness 30. About 100 Russian satellites are the earth. a. flying b. orbitting c. traveling d. circuiting 31. Many people are demonstrating to express their ______ with the new land law. a. satisfied b. satisfactory c. satisfaction d. dissatisfaction 32. The astronauts were able to send the information back to the earth. a. spaceships b. space stations c. spacemen d. space shots 33. Man has witnessed a great many significant ______ of science and technology in the past few decades. a. achieves b. achieved c. achievers d. achievements 34. From his window in space, Gagarin had a view of the Earth that no human beings had done before. a. discription b. vision c. recognition d. attention 35. The successful flight marked a milestone in China's space project. a. landmark b. record c. break-up d. progress B. GRAMMAR 1. My uncle ______ you met yesterday is a lawyer. a. which b. who c. whose d. to whom 2. The council is in discussion with Lord Thomas, ______ land most of the village is built on. a, who b. whom c. whose d. that 3. These adults, ______ come to my night class, are very eager to learn. a. whose b. who c. that d. when 4. Regina, ______ you have never met before, is a genius in painting. a. that b. whose c. whom d. whoever 5. The paintings Mr Flowers has in his house are worth around $ 100,000. a. which b. whose c. what d. whom 6. Oxford, ______ attracts many tourists, is often crowded in the summer. a. that b. which c. whose d. where 7. It's the best film ______ has ever been made about madness. a. which b. whom c. whose d. that 8. She cycled from London to Glasgow, ______ is pretty good for a woman of 75. a. that b. what c. which d. where 9. Most folk songs are ballads ______ have simple words and tell simple stories. a. what b. when c. where d. that 10. Children ______ diets contain high levels of protein do better in examination. a. who b. who c. whose d. Ø 11. My mother ______ enjoys hill walking. a. who is in her seventies b. , that is in her seventies c. , which is in her seventies d. , who is in her seventies 12. My English teacher, Mrs Brookes, was someone ... I had great respect. A. that B. whom C. for who D. for whom 13. Walkers can unwittingly damage the fragile environment ______. a. that the birds live b. where the birds live in c. which live the birds d. in which the birds live
14. The computer, ______ the memory capacity has just been upgraded, is among the latest generations. a. that b. whose c. of which d. which of 15. Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman ______ governor in the United States. a. who elected b. to be elected c. was elected d. her election as 16. Pioneers, ______ in isolated areas of the United States, were almost totally self-sufficient. a. who living b. living c. lived d. that Iived 17. Completed in 1756, Nassau Hall is the oldest building now ______ on the campus of Princeton University. . a. standing b. it stands c. has stood d. stood 18. Lady Astor was the first woman ______ her seat in Parliament. a. take b. to take c. taking d. who takes 19. The first village _____ was not far from the capital. a. that I visited to b. where I visited c. to which I visited d. I visited 20. _____ who was elected the first woman mayor of Chicago in 1979. a. It was Jane Byrne b. Jane Byrne c. That Jane Byrne d. When Jane Byrne 21. It was in 1875 _____ joined the staff of the astronomical observatory at Harvard University. a. that Anna Winlock b. Anna Winlock, who c. as Anna Winlock d. Anna Winlock then 22. _____ that the capital of South Carolina was moved from Charleston to Columbia. a. In 1790 was b. There was in 1790 c. In 1790 d. It was in 1790 23. It was Mr. Harding _____ the bill to yesterday. a. who sent my secretary b. to whom my secretary sent c. that my secretary sent d. my secretary sent 24. Which one do you want? -I don't want ______. a. both b. neither c. either d. each 25. She has neither read 'the book ______ the film. a. or seen b. nor see c. or see d. nor seen 26. Thomas Eakins studied not only painting ______ anatomy when he was training to become an artist. a. moreover b. but also c. as well d. and 27. Endive can be used ______ as a salad green or as a cooking vegetable. a. such b. both c. either d. neither 28. They invited ______ to their golden anniversary. a. my wife and I b. I and my wife c. both my wife and I d. my wife and me 29. Have you finished your work? - No, I haven't and ______. a. she has not too b. neither she has c. she has either d. neither has she. 30. Neither the teacher nor his students ______ pleased with the performance of the team. a. was b. were c. has been d. being 31. No one is better cook than his mother, ______? a. is she b. isn't she c. are they d. aren’t they 32. Do it right now, ______? a. will you b. shall you c. do you d. don't you 33. There are no easy ways to learn a foreign language, ______? a. are they b. are there c. aren't they d. aren't there 34. He seldom goes to the library, ______?
a. doesn’t he b. is he c. does he d. isn’t he 35. Let's go for a long walk, ______? a. will we b. shall we c. don't you d. do you 36. I'd lost my key, so I ______ the door when I got home. a. could lock b. wasn't able to lock c. couldn't unlock d. was able to unlock 37. When Mr. Lee was younger, he ______ work in the garden for hours. a. has got to b. should be able to c. can d. could 38. Do you think there ______ less conflict in the world if all people ______ the same language? a. would be/ spoke b. were/ would speak c. were/ spoke d. would have been/ had spoken 39. Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system, ______ eleven times the size of the earth. a. being b. has c. is d. having 40. '______ send this document to my office by fax?' 'Certainly.' a. Would you like b. Would you mind c. Could you d. Why not 41. I think he will join us, ______? a. doesn't he b. won't he c. will he d. don't I 42. Robert ______ a new car for a very good price. He paid 30 percent less than the regular retail cost. a. could buy b. was supposed to buy c. had to buy d. was a ble to buy 43. Since they came, we ______ able to work on the project. a. are b. have been c. have to be d. were 44. No one is indifferent to praise, ______ ? a. is one b. isn’t one c. is he d. are they 45. Somebody has left these socks on the bathroom floor, ______ ? a. have they b. haven't they c. has he d. hasn't he 46. Despite the bad weather, he ______ get to the airport in time. a. could b. was able to c. couldn't d. might Phần tự luận I. Use the proper relative pronoun or relative adverb to combine each pair of sentences 1. Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. He was born on the day. His father was away on that day. …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. He doesn’t want to sell the house. He was born in this house. ………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. I do not know the reason. She left school for it. …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. The meeting was interesting. I went to it yesterday. ……………………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 1: Reduce the following relative clauses to phrases, using to infinitive phrases. 1. He was the last person that would be considered for that position. …………………………………………………………………………… 2. Thomas was the first man that reached the top of the mountain. …………………………………………………………………………… 3. The first student that hands in the paper will get a small gift. …………………………………………………………………………… 4. She was the fourth woman who finished the race.
…………………………………………………………………………… 5. I really don’t know the first man that traveled around the world. …………………………………………………………………………… *Exercise 2:Reduce the following relative clauses to phrases, using participle phrases. 1. The man who is living next door invites us to his wedding anniversary. ……………………………………………………………………………… 2. The book which is written by Robert gets lots of attention. ……………………………………………………………………………… 3. Can Tho, which is known as a province with fertile soil conditions, is located in the middle of the Mekong River delta. ……………………………………………………………………………… 4. The victims who were injured in the accident were taken to the hospital. ………………………………………………………………………………. 5. The message which is sent today may reach them tomorrow. ……………………………………………………………………………….. III. Rewrite the following sentences using cleft sentence. 1. We first heard the news from my sister last night. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. The students asked the teacher of his explanation for the problem ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. The government should pay more attention to the environmental pollution. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. My son is learning French. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. She bought the car from Tom. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 6. He sent his friends the postcards. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………... IV. Combine the following pair of sentences, using “both … and” , “neither … nor” , or “either … or”. not only … but also 1. Tom was late. So was Ann. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. I don’t write. I don’t telephone. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. The hotel isn’t clean. And it isn’t comfortable. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. It was a very boring film. It was very long, too. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5. I didn’t have time to go on holiday. And I didn’t get money. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. The United States possesses spaceship. So does Russian. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7. The first storm killed a lot of villagers. So did the second one. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. The deer doesn’t eat meat and hippopotamus doesn’t eat meat. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9. She can sing. She can dance. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. George doesn’t smoke. And he doesn’t drink, either. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. The natural world is under violent assault from man. The seas and rivers are being poisoned by radioactive wastes, by chemical discharges and by the dumping of dangerous toxins and raw sewage. The air we breathe is polluted by smoke and fumes from factories and motor vehicles; even the rain is poisoned. It's little wonder forests and lakes are being destroyed and everywhere wildlife is disappearing. Yet the destruction continues. Governments and industries throughout the world are intensifying their efforts to extract the earth's mineral riches and to plunder its living resources. The great rainforests and the frozen continents alike are seriously threatened. And this despite the warnings of the scientific community and the deep concern of millions of ordinary people. Despite the fact, too, that we can create environmentally-clean industries, harness the power of the sun, wind and waves for our energy needs and manage the finite resources of the Earth in a way that will safeguard our future and protect all the rich variety of life forms which share this planet with us. But there is still hope. The forces of destruction are being challenged across the globe - and at the spearhead of this challenge is Greenpeace. Wherever the environment is in danger, Greenpeace has made a stand. Its scientific presentations and peaceful direct actions at sea and on land have shocked governments and industri1es into an awareness that Greenpeace will not allow the natural world to be destroyed. Those actions, too, have won the admiration and support of millions. Now you can strengthen the thin green line; you can make your voice heard in defence of the living world by joining Greenpeace today. Thank God someone's making waves. 1. Which of these statements is not made? a. Drinking water is polluted. b. Radioactive waste poisons the sea. c. Sewage isn't processed. d. Cars and factories poison the air. 2. The writer ___________. a. is surprised that the rain is poisoned. b. is unsured why the air is polluted. c. wonders why the natural world is being destroyed. d. understands why forests and lakes are being destroyed. 3. Rainforests are being destroyed because governments and industries ______. a. are unaware of what they're doing wrong. b. are rich and powerful. c. choose to ignore criticism. d. basically care about the environment. 4. The earth's resources __________ a. should only be for people b. can be made to last longer. c. will last forever. d. belong to just humans and animals 5. Governments and industries ___________. a. don't know what Greenpeace thinks. b. are forced to understand the problems by Greenpeace. c. can easily ignore Greenpeace. d. misunderstand what Greenpeace thinks A. Read the text carefully then choose the correct answers. Since the world became industrialized, the number of animal species that have either become extinct or have neared extinction has increaseD. Bengal tigers, for instance, which 'once roamed the jungles in vast numbers, now number only about 2,300. By the year 2025, it is estimated that they will become extinct.
What is alarming about the case of the Bengal tiger is that this extinction will have been caused almost entirely by poachers who, according to some sources, are not always interested in material gain but in personal gratification. This is an example of the callousness that is contributing to the problem of extinction. Animals such as the Bengal tiger, as well as other endangered species, are valuable parts of the world's ecosystem. International laws protecting these animals must be enacted to ensure their survival - and the survival of our planet. Countries around the world have begun to deal with the problem in various ways. Some countries, in an effort to circumvent the problem, have allocated large amounts of land to animal reserves. They then charge admission prices to help defray the costs of maintaining the parks, and they often must also depend on world organizations for support. This money enables them to invest in equipment and patrols to protect the animals. Another response to the increase in animal extinction is an international boycott of products made from endangered species. This has' had some effect, but by itself It will not prevent animals from being hunted and killed. 1. What is the main topic of the passage? A. The Bengal tiger B. International boycotts C. Endangered species D. Problems with industrialization 2. The word 'poachers' used in line 7 could be best replaced by which of the followings? A. Illegal hunters B. Enterprising researchers. C. Concerned scientists D. Trained hunters 3. What is an act of cruelty according to the passage? A. Having interest in material gain. B. Hunting endangered animals. C. Killing animals for personal satisfaction. D. Causing the problem of extinction. . 4. Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage as a way to protect animals from extinction? A. Introduce laws to prohibit the killing of endangered animals. B. Establish wildlife reserves. C. Refuse to buy animal products. D. Raise money to invest in equipment and patrol. 5. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude? A. Forgiving B. Surprised C. Vindictive D. Concerned