Quan hệ thương mại Việt Nam - Hàn Quốc và triển vọng tương lai

QUAN HE THUaNG MAI VIET NAM - HAN QUOC<br /> VA TRIEN VONG T U O N G LAI<br /> TS. LE QUOC PHUdNG<br /> Pho Trddng Ban Phan tich va dd bao<br /> Trung tam Thong tin va Dd bao kinh te - xa hdi qudc gia<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> I. SL/ PHAT TRIEN CUA QUAN<br /> From 1969 up to the present, trade relations between Vietnam<br /> HE THUONG MAI VIET NAM -<br /> and Korea have impressively developed with bilateral trade value<br /> HAN QUOC in 2006 totalling nearly 10 billions USD, 200 times higher than that of<br /> 1969. Several features of these bilateral trade relations can be<br /> Viet Nam va Han Qud'c bat d i u described as follows: bipartite trade turnover rapidly increased;<br /> cd quan he thfldng mai tfl nam Korea has become an important trading partner of Vietnam;<br /> Vietnam's export structure to Korea has positively changed, how-<br /> 1989, vdi tdng kim ngach thfldng ever trade intensity between two countries is still unbalanced.<br /> mai hai chieu dat 41 trieu USD. Over past years, the bilateral trade relationships have been pro-<br /> moted by five main factors including: significant development in the<br /> De'n nay, quan he thflong mai Viet - multi-sided cooperation between two countries; vigorous expansion<br /> Han da phat trien manh me.. Nam of Vietnam foreign trade; high degree of complementarily between<br /> Vietnamese and Korean economies; robust increases of Korean FDI<br /> 2008, mac du chiu t i c dgng tieu inflows to Vietnam; and geographical distance.<br /> cflc cua khung h o i n g tai chfnh va In the time to come, trade relationship between Vietnam and<br /> Korea is expected to continue to develop. Nevertheless, it is advis-<br /> suy t h o i i kinh te toan c i u , tdng kim<br /> able to take several measures to achieve trade balance between<br /> ngach thflong mai gifla hai nddc van two countries as follows: Vietnam should improve the competitive-<br /> ness of its export products to Korean market to meet the demands<br /> dat gan 10 ty USD, gap hon 200 l l n<br /> and predilection of Korean consumers; with regard to Korea, it is<br /> con so cua nam 1989. Han Qud'c required to ease export control policy towards Vietnam's agricultural<br /> products.<br /> hien nam trong so 10 ddi t i c thfldng<br /> BligEMBBJBBaSIBBOaiBigiEISIBaiBgaaiiBdtleaBiggEiBrag/BgEfgBa^'irggF'lHiB]^^<br /> mai hang d i u cua nfldc ta. Dfldi day<br /> la cac dac diem chfnh trong quan ngach nhap khau tfl Han Qud'c dat gan 8 ty USD, gap 500 l l n<br /> he thfldng mai Viet - Han 20 nam con so' cua nam 1 989. Trong giai doan 1 989-2008, mac diJ chiu<br /> qua. t i c dgng tieu cflc cua hai cudc khung hoang ldn'", song xu the<br /> 1. Mflc tang kim ngach va toe do chung van la sfl p h i t trien manh cua quan he thflOng mai song<br /> tang trfldng thfldng mai song phflong phflong gifla hai nfldc.<br /> cao Trong giai doan 1990-2008, tdc do tang trfldng trung binh<br /> Nam 2008, kim ngach xual cua xual khau Viet Nam sang Han Qud'c la 3 5 , 1 % va cua nhap<br /> khau cua Viet Nam sang Han Qud'c khau tfl Han Qud'c la 4 8 , 5 % , cao hon kha nhieu so vdi tdc do<br /> dat 2 ty USD, gap 40 lan con sd tang trfldng chung cua xual khau va nhap khau cua Viet Nam<br /> cua nam 1989, trong khi dd, kim (25,3%) va 29,2%). Dieu nay cho tha'y quan he thddng mai Viet<br /> - Han phat trien vdi nhjp do nhanh hdn nhieu so vdi nhip do<br /> " Khung hodng kinh te - tai chinh chdu A 1997-1998<br /> (Hdn Qudc ndm d tdm chdn khung hodng) vd khung p h i t trien chung cua ngoai thfldng Viet Nam, the' hien vai trd<br /> hodng tdi chinh vd suy thodi kinh te todn cdu 2008-<br /> 2009, ngay cang Idn cua Han Qud'c trong nen ngoai thddng nfldc ta.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> So 54 (6.2010) THONG TIN S. Dfl BAO KINH Tt • XA HQI<br /> PHAN TfcH & Da BAO K I N H TE<br /> <br /> Bang 1: Toe do tang tn/dng cua thuang mai Viet - Han va cua ngoai thflOng Viet Nam<br /> Dan vi: %<br /> <br /> Viet Nam Vi^t Nam<br /> Xuat khau chung Nh$p khau chung<br /> Nam xu^t khau sang n h | p khau tiT<br /> cua Vi^t Nam cua Vi^t Nam<br /> Han Quoc Han Qud'c<br /> <br /> 1995 8,0 231,3 75,3 111,9<br /> <br /> 2000 173,3 74,2 34,6 40,0<br /> <br /> 2005 10,3 18,0 25,5 34,6<br /> <br /> 2008 59,6 46,2 29,1 28,6<br /> <br /> Trung binh<br /> 35,1 48,5 25,3 29,2<br /> 1990-2008<br /> <br /> Nguon: Tinh toan cua tac gia dda tren "Nien giam thd'ng ke thddng mai" cua Quy Tien te Qud'c te<br /> (IMF).<br /> 2. Tam quan trong cua Han Quoc doi vdi Viet Nam va cua Viet Nam ddi vdi Han Qudc<br /> Tam quan trgng cua Han Qud'c the hien qua ty trgng kha Idn trong xuat khau va nhap khau cua nfldc<br /> ta. Chi 2 nam sau khi hai nfldc bat dau cd quan he thfldng mai, nam 1 9 9 1 , Han Qud'c da chie'm 11,6%<br /> tdng kim ngach nhap khau cua Viet Nam (xep thfl 5 trong cac thi trfldng nhap khau cua nfldc ta) va chie'm<br /> 2,6% tdng kim ngach xuat khau (dflng thfl 8 trong cac thj trfldng xuat khau). De'n nam 2008, cac con sd<br /> tfldng flng la 8,8% (dflng thfl 4 trong cac thi trfldng nhap khau) va 2 , 9 % (dflng thfl 7 trong cac thj trfldng<br /> xuat khau).<br /> Trong khi d d , ty trqng cua Viet Nam trong ngoai thflOng H a n Qud'c kha k h i e m td'n: giai doan 1989-<br /> 1994, Viet Nam chi chie'm chfla tdi 1 % kim ngach xuat khau va dfldi 0 , 1 % k i m ngach nhap khau cua<br /> H a n Qud'c; ke tfl nam 1995, ty trqng nay da tang len, chie'm tfl 1 - 1 , 8 % k i m ngach xual khau va tfl 0,2-<br /> 0 , 5 % kim ngach nhap khau. Tuy n h i e n , nhflng con so nay cdn rat nhd ne'u so vdi ty trpng cua Han<br /> Qud'c trong ngoai thfldng cua Viet N a m .<br /> Bang 2: Ty trong cua Han Quoc trong ngoai thfldng Viet Nam va ty trong cua Viet Nam<br /> trong ngoai thflflng Han Quoc<br /> Dan vi: %<br /> <br /> Ty trong Han Quoc Ty trong Han Quoc Ty trong Viet Nam Ty trong Viet Nam |<br /> Nam<br /> trong XK Viet Nam trong NK Viet Nam trong XK Han Quoc trong NK Han Quoc '<br /> <br /> <br /> 1995 1,6 3,0 0,08 0,04<br /> 1<br /> 2000 4,3 15,4 1,00 0,17<br /> <br /> <br /> 2005 2,4 11,2 1,02 0,22<br /> <br /> <br /> 2008 2,9 8,8 1,80 0,47<br /> <br /> Nguon: Tinh toan cua tac gia dda tren "Nien giam thong ke thddng mai" (IMF).<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 20 THONG TIN S. DU BAO KINH TE - XA HOI S6' 54 (6.2010)<br />  3. Cfldng do thfldng mai giBa Bang 3: Cfldng dp thflOng mai Viet Nam - Han Quoc<br /> hai nfldc<br /> Cfldng dp xuat khau cua Cfldng dp xuat khau cua<br /> Ty trgng thfldng mai la chi Nam<br /> Vi^t Nam sang Han Quoc Han Quoc sang Vif t Nam<br /> tieu phan anh tam quan trgng<br /> 1991 1,0 3,5<br /> cua mdt nfldc dd'i vdi ngoai<br /> 1996 1,7 6,4<br /> thfldng cua nfldc ddi tac, tuy<br /> 2005 0,7 3,5<br /> nhien nd khdng tfnh de'n t a m<br /> 2008 0,8 3,2<br /> quan trgng xet theo quy md<br /> thfldng mai cua mdi nfldc. De Nguon: Tinh toan cua tac gia dda tren "Nien giam thd'ng ke thddng<br /> danh gia chfnh xac hdn tam mai" (IMF).<br /> quan trgng cua cac dd'i tac 4. Cfl cau trao doi hang hda giiJa 2 nfldc<br /> thfldng mai cd tfnh de'n quy md Cac nhdm hang chiem ty trgng Idn trong kim ngach xuat khau cua<br /> thflong mai mdi nfldc, ngfldi ta Viet Nam sang Han Qud'c la: ndng, lam, thuy s i n (chie'm 28,1%), nhien<br /> sfl dung chi so cfldng dp lieu, chu ye'u la dau thd (14,8%), nguyen lieu thd (7,9%). Ty trgng cua<br /> thfldng mai cua nfldc i sang cac mat hang che tac cung ngay cang tang, cu the la: cac s i n pham sfl<br /> nfldc j : ixij • (XijiXi)trong dd: Xij dung nhieu lao dgng (nhfl quan ao, giay dep, tui du Ijch) chie'm 1 7,7%;<br /> yXwj Xw<br /> hang che tac cd ban chie'm 18,7%; may mdc va thiet bi van tai chiem<br /> la xuat khau cua nfldc i sang<br /> 1 1 % . Tuy nhien, diem dang lufl y la phan Idn san pham che tac xuat<br /> nfldc j ; Xi la tong kim ngach<br /> khau sang Han Qud'c la hang gia cdng xuat khau. .< »• .^<br /> xuat khau cua nfldc i; Xwj la<br /> xuat khau cua the gidi sang Han Qud'c xuat sang Viet Nam chu ye'u la hang che tac, trong dd ldn<br /> <br /> nfldc j ; Xw la tdng kim ngach nhat la cac s i n pham che tac cd ban dung lam dau vao cho s i n xuat<br /> <br /> xual khau toan the' gidi. (37%), tie'p de'n la may mdc, thiet bi van tai (26,7%), nhien lieu (14,6%)<br /> <br /> Sfl dung chi so nay, cd the va hoa chat (14%).<br /> <br /> thay cfldng do xual khau cua Bang 4: Ty trong hang hoa buon ban Viet Nam - Han Qudc :,<br /> <br /> Han Qudc sang Viet Nam ludn V ,! . nam 2007 ': = . v<br /> <br /> Idn hdn 1, tflc la xuat khau cua Dan vi: %<br /> <br /> Han Qud'c sang Viet Nam cd Han Quoc Vi^t Nam<br /> Ciim san pham<br /> cfldng do kha ldn ngay c i khi xuat khau sang xuat khau sang<br /> (theo phan loai SITC)<br /> xem xet tdi quy md kha Idn cua Vi^t Nam Han Qud'c<br /> xuat khau Han Qud'c (nam 2008 Cum 0 - Thflc p h i m , dpng vat tflol sdng 0,5 28,1<br /> la 434 ty USD). Trong khi dd, chi Cum 1 - G i i i khit, thud'c l i 0,0 0,1<br /> so cfldng do xuat khau cua Viet Cum 2 - Nguyen lieu thd trfl nhien lieu 2,0 7,9<br /> Nam sang Han Qud'c hau nhfl<br /> Cum 3 - Nhien lifu 14,6 14,8<br /> ludn nhd hdn 1, cho thay xuat<br /> Cum 4 - D I U , md ddng thdc v i t 0,1 0,0<br /> khau cua Viet Nam sang Han<br /> Cym 5 - H6a chi't 14,0 1,7<br /> Qud'c cd cfldng do tha'p ngay c i<br /> khi xem xet quy md tfldng ddi Cum 6 - Hang che t i c co ban 37,0 18,7<br /> nhd cua xuat khau Viet Nam Cum 7 - M i y mdc, thiet bj van tai 26,7 11,0 i<br /> (nam 2008 la 63 ty USD). Dieu Cum 8 - Hang che tac hdn hgp 5,0 17,7 1<br /> nay cho tha'y hien vSn cdn nhieu<br /> Cum 9 -Hing hda khfing p h i n td dflgc 0,2 0,0<br /> dfl dja de md rdng quy md<br /> Tong 100,0 100,0<br /> thfldng mai Viet - Han, dac biet<br /> ddi vdi xuat khau cua Viet Nam Ngudn: Tinh toan cua tac gia dda tren "Ca sd dd lieu thddng mai<br /> sang Han Qud'c. quae te" (Lien Hiep Quae).<br /> <br /> <br /> So 54 (6.2010) THONG TIN & DIJ BAO KINH TE - XA HOI 21<br /> PHAN TfCH & DLf BAO KINH TE<br /> <br /> II. CAC N H A N TO C H I N H THUC DAY Q U A N HE THLfdNG M A I nguyen thien nhien (TNTN) kha<br /> VIET - H A N phong phu (nhfl d i u md, than da,<br /> 1 . Quan he hop tac ngay cang phat trien dat dai trdng lua, ca phe, cao su,<br /> Quan he hdp t i c gifla Viet Nam va Han Qudc ngay cang phat trien che, rau q u i . . . ) va Iflc Iflong lao<br /> c i trong khudn khd song phfldng va khu vflc. Trong khudn khd song ddng ddi dao (48,3 trieu ngfldi,<br /> phfldng, nam 1992, hai nfldc chfnh thflc thiet lap quan he ngoai giao. theo sd lieu nam 2008). Hien<br /> Nam 2 0 0 1 , hai nfldc thiet lap quan he hgp tac toan dien trong the ky nfldc ta cd ldi the so sinh ve<br /> 2 1 . Nam 2009, hai Chfnh phu nhat trf nang cap quan he hdp t i c song nguyen lieu thd (khoang s i n ,<br /> phflong len t i m ddi t i c chie'n Ifldc. Hien hai Chfnh phu dang chuan bj ndng, lam, thuy sin) va cac sin<br /> dam phan Hiep dinh Thfldng mai song phfldng (BTA) nham thuc day pham sfl dung nhieu lao dgng (det<br /> manh hdn nfla quan he thfldng mai va d i u tfl gifla hai nfldc. Trong may, giay dep). Trong khi dd, Han<br /> khudn khd khu vflc, ca hai nfldc deu la thanh vien cua Dien dan Kinh Qud'c la nfldc ngheo TNTN song<br /> te chau A - T h i i Binh Dfldng (APEC). Han Qud'c, Nhat B i n va Trung da thanh cdng trong viec phat<br /> Qud'c cung vdi ASEAN da hinh thanh nhdm ASEAN-i-3 nham thuc day trien thanh mdt nen kinh te cdng<br /> sfl hgp t i c gifla c i c nen kinh te Ddng Bac A vdi cac thanh vien nghiep mdi, hien cd ldi the so<br /> ASEAN, trong dd cd Viet Nam. Cd the tha'y, sfl phat trien manh cua sanh trong cac Imh vflc sfl dung<br /> quan he hqp t i c nhieu mat da tao dieu kien thuan ldi cho quan he nhieu vd'n va cdng nghe nhd che<br /> thfldng mai gifla hai nfldc phat trien. tao d td, dien tfl, hda chat...<br /> 2. Sfl phat trien manh me cua ngoai thfldng Viet Nam Nhfl vay, cau true lpi the so<br /> Cdng cudc ddi mdi kinh te tfl nam 1986, dac biet la nhflng c i i each sanh cua hai nfldc mang tfnh bo'<br /> trong Imh vflc ngoai thfldng tfl nam 1988 va qua trinh hdi nhap kinh te sung l l n nhau rat cao. Theo ly<br /> the gidi nhfl viec gia nhap Khu vflc Thfldng mai Tfl do ASEAN (AFTA) thuyet ldi the so s i n h , hai nfldc<br /> nam 1996, APEC nam 1998 va To chflc Thfldng mai The gidi (WTO) nam vdi ca'u true ldi the so sanh cd tfnh<br /> 2007, da tao ddng Iflc phat trien manh me hoat ddng ngoai thfldng cua bd sung cao thfldng cd xu hfldng<br /> Viet Nam. Tong kim ngach xuat nhap khau cua nfldc ta da tang tfl 3,5 ty budn b i n manh vdi nhau do cac<br /> USD nam 1990 len 143,4 ty USD n i m 2008, tflc la gap 40 l l n trong vdng s i n pham cd the manh xual khau<br /> 1 8 nam. Hien Viet Nam trd thanh mot trong nhflng nfldc xuat khau hang cua nfldc nay la s i n pham cd nhu<br /> dau the gidi trong nhieu Imh vflc: dflng thfl 1 the gidi ve xuat khau hat cau nhap khau Idn cua nfldc kia.<br /> dieu, thfl 2 ve gao (sau Thai Lan) va __<br /> ca phe (sau Braxin), thfl 4 ve thuy<br /> s i n va cao su, thfl 5 ve che, thfl 7 •V<br /> ve giay dep va thfl 10 ve hang det<br /> may. Cd the tha'y, quy md ngay<br /> cang Idn cua ngoai thfldng Viet<br /> Nam vfla la nguyen nhan vfla la<br /> ket q u i cua sfl phat trien manh me<br /> quan he budn b i n vdi cac ddi t i c<br /> thfldng mai, trong dd cd Han Qud'c.<br /> 3. Tinh bo sung lan nhau cao<br /> cua kinh te Viet Nam va kinh te<br /> Han Qud'c<br /> Viet Nam la mdt nfldc dang<br /> p h i t trien vdi trinh do cdng nghe<br /> cdn tha'p, song cd ngudn tai<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 22 THONG TIN & D i ; BAO KINH i t - X A H O I S6'54 (6.2010)<br />  4. Dau tu" trflc tiep nfldc ngoai cua Han Quoc vao Viet Nam<br /> Ke tfl khi Viet Nam bat dau thu hut dau tfl trflc tie'p nfldc ngoai (FDI) nam 1988, de'n nay da cd khoang<br /> 90 nfldc va vijng lanh thd dau tfl vao nfldc ta, vdi hdn 11.000 dfl an va tdng vd'n dang ky dat khoang 1 74 ty<br /> USD (tinh de'n ngay 31/10/2009). Cac doanh nghiep FDI da trd thanh mdt bg phan quan trgng cua thflong<br /> mai Viet Nam, chie'm khoing 40% kim ngach xuat khau va nhap khau cua ca nfldc.<br /> Han Qud'c la mot trong nhflng nfldc d i n dau trong viec dau tfl vao Viet Nam: dflng thfl 1 ve sd dfl an dau<br /> tfl (2.283); thfl 2 ve vd'n dau tfl (sau Dai Loan - Trung Qud'c). Viet Nam la nfldc tie'p nhan FDI ra nfldc ngoai<br /> ldn thfl 4 cua Han Qud'c, sau Trung Qud'c, My va Hdng Cdng (Trung Qud'c). Cac cdng ty FDI Han Qud'c tai<br /> Viet Nam da va dang gdp phan quan trgng vao viec thuc day quan he thfldng mai gifla hai nfldc. Trong giai<br /> doan thiet lap nha may tai Viet Nam, nhieu cdng ty FDI Han Qud'c da nhap khau may mdc, thiet bi tfl Han<br /> Qud'c de phuc vu sin xuat, kinh doanh tai Viet Nam. Trong giai doan van hanh, hg cijng nhap khau nhieu<br /> linh, phu kien tfl Han Qud'c de sin xuat ra sin pham, sau dd xual khau mpt phan sin pham ve Han Qud'c.<br /> Bang 5: 10 nfl6c va vung lanh tho dufng dau ve FDI vao Viet Nam<br /> <br /> Von dang ky Vd'n thuTc hien<br /> Xep hang Ni^dc/vung lanh thd S^Tdufin<br /> (ty USD) (ty USD)<br /> <br /> 1 D^i Loan 2.010 21,29 8,58<br /> <br /> 2 Han Qudc 2.283 20,46 6,88<br /> <br /> 3 Malaixia 337 18,06 3,87<br /> <br /> 4 Nhat Bin 1.154 17,69 5,13<br /> <br /> 5 Xingapo 758 16,92 5,41<br /> <br /> 6 Ddo British Virgin 452 13,20 4,35<br /> <br /> 7 My 479 12,80 2,25<br /> <br /> 8 Hdng Cdng 564 7,77 2,66<br /> <br /> 9 Dao Cayman 44 6,63 1,23<br /> <br /> 10 Thai Lan 215 5,74 2,45<br /> <br /> Cdc nfldc k h i c 2.509 34,14 13,72<br /> <br /> T6'ng c6ng 10.805 174,72 56,53<br /> <br /> Nguon: Trang Web Bo KS hoach va Dau td (so lieu tinh den 31/10/2009).<br /> 5. Khoang each dja ly<br /> Viet Nam va Han Qud'c deu thudc chau A va cd khoing each dia ly tfldng ddi gan (khoang each gifla Ha<br /> Ndi va Seoul la 2.744 km). Sfl gan gui ve dia ly lam giam dang ke thdi gian va chi phf van chuyen hang hda,<br /> la mdt nhan to gdp phan tao dieu kien thuc day thfldng mai song phflong.<br /> III. TRIEN VONG PHAT TRIEN TRONG T J O N G LAI<br /> Vdi nhflng dieu kien thuan ldi neu tren, quan he thfldng mai Viet - Han dfl bao se tie'p tuc phat trien.<br /> Trong Tuyen bd chung Viet Nam - Han Qud'c ngay 22/10/2009, hai nfldc nhat tri se nd Iflc dfla kim ngach<br /> thfldng mai hai nfldc len 20 ty USD vao nam 2015. Day la muc tieu cd the thflc hien dfldc trong dieu kien<br /> dfl dia de md rdng quy md thfldng mai Viet - Han vin cdn, dac biet do cfldng dp xuat khau cua Viet Nam<br /> <br /> <br /> S6' 54 (6.2010) THONG TIN S, DU BAO KINH TE - XA HOI 23<br /> PHAN TICH & DU BAO K I N H TE<br /> ^<br /> ^<br /> sang H a n Qud'c h i e n c d n t f l d n g d d i tha'p n h f l<br /> THVC HitN Df AN 30 V l C&l CACH H A N H CHfNH:<br /> da p h a n t f c h d t r e n .<br /> NHONGV/TNBfTffNTfl<br /> Tuy n h i e n , d e l a m d f l d c d i e u d d , hai nfldc<br /> n h a l t r i c a n " d d n g t h d i c u n g nd Iflc h d p t i c Ket thuc giai d o q n 2 c u a E»e a n 30, theo b a o c a o cua<br /> VI sfl c a n b a n g c i n can thflong mai song c a c b p , ngdnh, tren 5.500 thu t u c hanh chfnh d a dUdc rd<br /> scat, trong d o , 453 thu tuc hdnh chfnh d u g c kien nghi bai<br /> p h f l d n g " (Tuyen b d c h u n g V i e t N a m - H a n<br /> b o , 3.794 thu t u c hdnh chfnh d u q c kien nghj sfla ddi, bd<br /> Q u d c ) . D i e m t d n tai c h f n h t r o n g q u a n he<br /> sung vd 288 thu t u c dUdc kien nghi thay the, dgt ty 10 dan<br /> t h f l o n g m a i V i e t - H a n la sfl m i l c a n b a n g gidn hoa 81%; chi phf tudn thu thu tuc hdnh chfnh co the<br /> c a n c a n t h f l o n g m a i gifla hai nfldc, cu t h e la dUdc c d t gidm tUdng dUdng g a n 30 nghin t y dong mdi<br /> t h a m hut t h f l o n g m a i n g i y c a n g Idn c u a V i e t ndm.<br /> Tuy nhien, theo b d o c d o giao ban thqc hl$n De dn 30<br /> N a m v d i H a n Q u d c . Khi hai nfldc b i t diu<br /> ve ddn gidn hoa thu tuc hdnh chfnh dUdc c o n g b d ngdy<br /> t h i e t l a p quan he t h f l o n g m a i n a m 1 9 8 9 , V i e t<br /> 17/6/2010 c u a To c o n g t d c c h u y e n trdch ve c d i c d c h thu<br /> N a m da dat m f l c t h i n g d f l k h o i n g 9 t r i e u tuc hdnh chfnh c u a Thu tUdng Chfnh p h u , chdt lUgng rd<br /> U S D vdi H a n Qud'c (xuat k h a u 25 t r i e u U S D sodt c u a nhieu b p , ngdnh khdng c a o ; tfnh todn chi phf<br /> sang H a n Qud'c, n h a p k h a u 16 t r i e u U S D t f l tudn thu thu t u c hdnh chfnh khong chfnh xdc vd d d y mdi<br /> <br /> H a n Q u d c ) . Song t f l n a m 1 9 9 0 d e n nay, V i e t Id con sd c d c b p , ngdnh t q b d o c d o . Chdt IUdng rd sodt<br /> c d c thu t u c hdnh chfnh c u a c d c b g , ngdnh con nhieu tdn<br /> N a m l i e n tuc bj t h a m hut t h f l d n g m a i : n a m<br /> tgi, the hi0n tren c d hai mqt chdt iugng c u a phUdng dn<br /> 2 0 0 8 , t h a m hut t h f l d n g m a i c u a V i e t N a m v d i don gidn hda c u n g nhU vl^c tfnh t o d n chi phf tudn thu thu<br /> H a n Qud'c dat g i n 6 t y U S D , chie'm k h o a n g tuc hdnh chfnh.<br /> 1/3 t d n g t h a m hut t h f l d n g m a i cua V i e t N a m . Nhieu kien nghj bdi b o , thay the thu tuc hdnh chfnh<br /> H a n Qud'c x e p t h f l 2 t r o n g so c i c dd'i t i c d d d c c d c b p , ngdnh dUa v d o b d o c d o nhUng bdn chdt<br /> chT Id viec ghep c d hoc c d c thu tuc hogc bdi bo cdc thu<br /> thfldng mai Viet N a m bj t h a m hut thfldng<br /> tuc d d d c thdng ke sal trUdc d d y ; c d c kien nghi ddn gidn<br /> m a i , chi sau T r u n g Qud'c.<br /> hda mdi chu y e u t g p trung vdo vi^c hodn thi^n phdp lugt,<br /> D e khac p h u c d i e m tdn tai t r o n g quan he sfla chQa c d c sal sot trong q u d trinh thdng ke, sfla ddi bleu<br /> thfldng m a i V i e t N a m - H a n Q u d c va tie'p tuc m d u ; phddng d n don gidn hda d d a ra thieu c u the; ly do<br /> m d rdng quy m d thfldng m a i song p h f l d n g , phfa c u a phUdng dn ddn gidn hda neu ra c d n chung chung,<br /> thieu thuyet phuc; vdn bdn q u y dinh thu tuc hdnh chfnh<br /> V i e t N a m c l n nang cao c h i l Ifldng cac s i n<br /> d d dUdc sfla ddi, b d sung, bdi b o , thay the nhung chUa<br /> p h a m xuat khau de cd the t h a m n h a p dfldc<br /> d d d c bp q u d n ly ngdnh c q p nhdt; chT thdc hien rd scat<br /> vao thj trfldng H a n Qud'c. V i e t N a m h i e n cd tren nen vdn bdn cO...<br /> n h i e u s i n p h a m xuat khau m a thj trfldng H a n Ve vi?c tfnh todn chi phi tudn thu thu tuc hdnh chfnh:<br /> Qud'c cd nhu cau (nhfl gao, ca p h e , c h e , q u a n nhieu thu t u c hdnh chfnh m d c d u khong c o kien nghi ddn<br /> gidn hda, hodc kien nghi chaa dl v d o c d c bien phdp cdt<br /> a o . . . ) , song c h i l lfldng, c h u n g loai, m i u mi<br /> gidm chi phi nhdng ket q u d tfnh todn gidm chi phf rdt coo.<br /> cua n h i e u mat h a n g xuat k h a u chfla d i p flng<br /> Nhieu trddng hdp d p d u n g djnh mflc chi phf rdt c a o ddi vdl<br /> dfldc thj hieu va yeu cau r i e n g cua ngfldi t i e u c d c thu tuc c 6 phddng dn don gidn hda nhdm tdng ty le<br /> d u n g H a n Qud'c. D o n g t h d i , phfa V i e t Nam c d t gidm chi phi c u a b o , ngdnh minh. Nguyen nhdn chinh<br /> cln n i n g cao k h i nang cung cap c i c sin Id do c d c ddn vi chiu trdch nhiem rd sodt thu tuc hdnh<br /> chfnh ChUa v d o c u p c mpt c d c h nghiem t u c , vdn con tU<br /> p h a m m a H a n Qud'c cd n h u c i u n h a p khau<br /> tadng idm ddi phd; nhieu td khdng c d y kien d g c Igp md<br /> Idn, song k h i n i n g c u n g c a p cua V i e t Nam<br /> chi tdng hdp ket q u d rd sodt; chaa tham mUu cho Idnh<br /> hien c d n han che ( c h a n g h a n t h j t bd). d q o phuong d n rd sdt tdt... Theo d d , neu tfnh todn chi phi<br /> V e p h f a H a n Qud'c, c a n n d i Idng c h f n h tudn thu chfnh xdc hdn, c d n nhieu b o , ngdnh chUa dgt<br /> <br /> s i c h han che nhap khau ddi vdi c i c ndng dUdc chi tieu c d t gidm 30% chi phf tudn thu thu tuc hdnh<br /> chinh thupc chflc ndng q u d n ly d a q c Thu tadng Chinh phu<br /> san cua V i e t N a m ( d i e b i e t la gao) de cic<br /> giao.D<br /> s i n p h a m dd cd the t h a m n h a p thi trfldng<br /> P.V<br /> H a n Qud'c. n • •<br /> y<br /> 24 THONG TIN S. DU BAO KINH TE - XA HOI S6' 54 (6.2010)<br />