Figure Drawing - Lion

Chia sẻ: Nguyenhoang Phuonguyen | Ngày: | Loại File: PDF | Số trang:6

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Lion (feline) characteristics: Elongated skull. Proportion of skull varies—large in lion, jaguar, and tiger, small in cheetah and mountain lion. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull to powerfully close jaw. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Constricted pupil is round in large cats, vertical in domestic cats (pupil is horizontal in sheep and goats). Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of thoracic vertebrae. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on hind limb (small vestigial big toe). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved,...

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Nội dung Text: Figure Drawing - Lion

142 LION > ANATOMY anatomical drawing aftercrouch seull from specimen Lion (feline) characteristics: Elongated skull. Proportion of skull External abdominal oblique; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FCU Flexor carpi ulnaris; varies—large in lion, jaguar, and tiger, small in cheetah and mountain FDBr Flexor digitorum brevis; FDP Flexor digitorum profundus; FDS Flexor digito- rum superficial; FDS-UH Flexor digitorum superficialis, ulnarhead; GasLa lion. Large canines, small incisors. Cheek teeth with sharp edges for Gastrocnemius, lateral head; GasMe Gastrocnemius, medial head; GluMe Gluteus shearing. Large temporalis and masseter muscles of skull to powerfully medius; GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Grac Gracilis; Ilioc Iliocostalis; InAbO close jaw. Eyes shifted slightly forward for binocular vision. Constricted Internal abdominal oblique; Infra Infraspinatus; IntCa Intertransversarii caudae; Inter Interossei; LAOM Levator anguli oculi medialis; LatDo Latissimus dorsi; pupil is round in large cats, vertical in domestic cats (pupil is horizontal LeNas Levator nasolabialis; LonCa Longissimus capitis; Longi Longissimus; Malar in sheep and goats). Top edge of scapula usually higher than tips of tho- Malaris; Mass Masseter; Myloh Mylohyoid; Omotr Omotransversarius; OrLig racic vertebrae. Five digits on front limb (thumb reduced); four digits on Orbital ligament; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; OrOr Orbicularis oris; PalLo Palmaris hind limb (small vestigial big toe). Walks on toes. Sharp, curved, retrac- longus; PecPr Pectoralis profundus; PecTr Pectoralis transversus; PerBr Peroneus brevis; PerLo Peroneus longus; Pop Popliteus; PrTer Pronator teres; RAOL tile claws (which keeps them sharp—they don't walk on them). Forearm Retractor anguli oculi lateralis; RecAb Rectus abdominis; RecFe Rectus femoris; rotates (pronates/supinates). Hairy tail has bushy tip only in lion. Very Rhom Rhomboid; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis; SacDM Sacrocaudalis flexible body. Can walk in crouched position, as when stalking prey. dorsalis medialis; SacVL Sacrocaudalis ventralis lateralis; Sart Sartorius; SeDCr Serratus dorsalis craniatis; SerVC Serratus ventralis cervicis; SerVT Serratus ven- tralis thoracis; Smemb Semimembranosus; Sol Soleus; Splen Splenius; Stcph AbDIL Abductor digit! I longus; AbDiS Abductor digiti V; Adduc Adductor; Anc Sternocephalicus; Stend Semitendinosus; Sthy Sternohyoid; Stmas Anconeus; Bleep Biceps brachii; BiFem Biceps femoris; Brach Brachialis; Brcph Sternomastoid; StOcc Sterno-occipitalis; Stthy Sternothyroid; Supra Brachiocephalicus; Brrad Brachioradialis; Bucc Buccinator; Canin Caninus; Caudf Supraspinatus; TeMaj feres major; TeMin feres minor; Temp Temporalis; TenFL Caudofemoralis; Clmas Cleidomastoid; DelAc Deltoid, acromial portion; DelSp Tensor fasciae latae; TlbCa Tibialis caudalis; TibCr Tibialis cranialis; Trach Deltoid, spinal portion; Digas Digastric; DLaMn Depressor labii mandibularis; Trachea; Trap Trapezius; TrILa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Triceps brachii, ECR Extensor carpi radialis; ECRL Extensor carpi radialis longus; ED1&2 Extensor long head; VasLa Vasfr/s lateralis; Zyg Zygomaticus. digiti I & //; EDBr Extensor digitorum brevis; EDC Extensor digitorum communis; EDLat Extensor digitorum lateralis; EDLon Extensor digitorum longus; ExAbO
LION » ANATOMY 143 DEEP MUSCLES SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES
144 LION > ANATOMY AbDIL Abductor digiti I long us; Bicep Biceps brachii; BiFem Biceps femoris; Omotransversarius; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; OrOr Orbicularis oris; PalLo Palmaris Brcph Brachiocephalicus; Brrad Brachiomdialis; Bucc Buccinator; Canin Caninus; longus; PecDe Pectoralis descendens; PecPr Pectoralis profundus; PecTr DelAc Deltoid, acromial portion; DelSp Deltoid, spinal portion; Digas Digastric; Pectoralis transversus; PerLo Peroneus longus; PLig Patellar ligament; PrTer DLaMn Depressor labii mandibularis; ECRB Extensor carpi radialis brevis; ECRL Pronator teres; RAOL Retractor anguli oculi lateralis; RecFe Rectus femoris; Sart Extensor carpi radialis longus; ED1&2 Extensor digiti I & II; EDBr Extensor digito- So/tor/us; Stcph Sternocephalicus; Sthy Sternohyoid; StOcc Stemo-occipitalis; rum brevis; EDC Extensor digitorum communis; EDLat Extensor digitorum later- Stthy Sternothyroid; Supra Supraspinatus; Temp Temporalis; TibCr Tibialis cra- alis; EDLon Extensor digitorum longus; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FDP Flexor digi- nialis; Trap Trapezius; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; VasLa Mjsfr/s lateralis; torum profundus; Grac Gracilis; Infra Infraspinatus; LAOM Levator anguli oculi Zyg Zygomaticus. medialis; LeNas Levator nasolabiatis; Malar Malaris; Mass Masseter; Omotr
LION > ANATOMY 145 AbDiS Abductor digit! V; BIFem Biceps femoris; Caudf Caudofemoralis; ECU dae; Inter Interossei; IntVC Intertransversarii ventratis caudae; PalLo Palmaris Extensor carpi ulnaris; EDC Extensor digitorum communis; EDLat Extensor digito- longus; PerBr Peroneus brevis; PerLo Peroneus longus; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dor- rum lateralis; FCR Flexor carpi radialis; FCU-HH Flexor carpi ulnaris, humeral salis lateralis; SacDM Sacrocaudalis dorsalis medialis; SacVL Sacrocaudalis ven- head; FCU-UH Flexor carpi ulnaris, ulnarhead; FDBr Flexor digitorum brevis; FDP tralis lateralis; Smemb Semimembranosus; Sol Soleus; Stend Semitendinosus; Flexor digitorum profund us; FDS Flexor digitorum superflcialis; FDS-UH Flexor Ten FA Tensor fasciae antibrachii; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Triceps digitorum superficial, ulnar head; Gastr Gastrocnemius; GluMe Gluteus medius; brachii, long head; TriMe Triceps brachii, medial head. GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Grac Gracilis; IntDC Intertransversarii dorsales cau-
146 LION > ANATOMY BiFem Biceps femoris; Brcph Brachiocephalicus; Caudf Caudofemoralis; DelSp lateral's; SacDL Sacrocaudalis dorsalis lateralis; SacDM Sacrocaudalis dorsalis Deltoid, spinal portion; ExAbO External abdominal oblique; GluMe Gluteus medialis; Sart Sartorius; Smemb Semimembranosus; Stcph Sternocephalicus; medius; GluSu Gluteus superficialis; Ilioc Iliocostalis; Infra Infraspinatus; IntDC Stend Semitendinosus; StOcc Stemo-occipitalis; Temp Temporalis; TenFA Tensor Intertransversarii dorsales caudae; LAOM Levator anguli oculi medialis; LatDo fasciae antibrachii; Trap Trapezius; TriLa Triceps brachii, lateral head; TriLo Latissimus dorsi; LeNas Levator nasolabialis; Longl Longissimus; Mass Masseter; Triceps brachii, long head; Zyg Zygomaticus. Omotr Omotransversarius; OrOc Orbicularis oculi; RAOL Retractor anguli oculi
LION > PHOTOGRAPHS 147 LIONESS LION Panthera leo